Douglas M. Ladd

Punctelia missouriensis, commonly known as the mealy speckled shield lichen, is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is found in the southeastern United States, where it grows on tree bark and on rocks.

Punctelia perreticulata is a widely distributed species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It occurs in Mediterranean Europe and Russia, North America, South America, Australia, and New Zealand, where it grows on rocks, bark, or wood. Its main distinguishing features are its thallus surface, marked with many shallow depressions, grooves, or pits, and sorediate pseudocyphellae. The lower side of the thallus is ivory to tan towards the centre and the major secondary metabolite in the medulla is lecanoric acid. A lookalike species with which it has been historically confused is

Pachyphysis is a fungal genus in the family Lecideaceae. It is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Pachyphysis ozarkana, a lichen. It is a crust-forming lichen that grows on limestone and dolomite rocks in open, sunny habitats, and is often inconspicuous because its main body develops within the rock surface rather than on top of it. The species has a restricted range in the eastern and central United States, centred on the Ozarks, and is associated with landscapes that were not covered by ice sheets during the last ice age.

Xyleborus sporodochifer is a species of lichen in the family Stereocaulaceae, and the type species of the genus Xyleborus. It was first reported in 2007, and found in the Ozarks of Missouri.

Xyleborus is a small genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Stereocaulaceae. It comprises two species. The genus was circumscribed in 2009 by Richard C. Harris and Douglas Ladd with Xyleborus sporodochifer assigned as the type species. A second species, X. nigricans, was added to the genus in 2015. This genus is only found in North America, in the Ozarks, the Appalachians, and the Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain. Xyleborus species only grow as a crust with black apothecia on weathered logs and stumps in intact forests.

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Phoebus hydrophobius is the single lichen species in the fungal genus Phoebus, which is placed in the family Lecanographaceae (order Arthoniales). This distinctive lichen was discovered in 2007 in the Ozark region of the central United States and later found in limestone areas of northeastern Mexico. It forms orange-brown crusty patches on sun-exposed rock faces and can be identified by its intense violet-black color reaction when treated with potassium hydroxide solution, a standard chemical spot test.

Opegrapha diffracticola is a lichenicolous fungus (a fungus that lives on lichens) in the family Opegraphaceae. Described in 2007 from the Ozarks of midcontinental North America, this fungus grows exclusively on the crustose lichen Bacidia diffracta, forming black, elongated, slit-like fruiting bodies on both the host's thallus and its apothecia. The species is known from the Ozarks and has also been recorded from Vermont and Wisconsin, likely occurring throughout the range of its host lichen in mesic to dry woodlands on various tree species.

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Chrysothrix onokoensis is a species of crustose lichen in the family Chrysotrichaceae. Originally described as an alga by Francis Wolle in 1877, it was recognized as a lichen by Asa Gray shortly after, but not formally reclassified until 2008. This distinctive bright yellow to yellow-green lichen forms loosely attached, irregularly spreading patches on rock surfaces, primarily shaded sandstone. It has a somewhat disjunct distribution in the eastern United States, with most collections coming from the Ozark–St. Francis National Forest in Arkansas, though its type locality is in Glen Onoko,

Phlyctis petraea, the eggshell rock blaze, is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling) crustose lichen in the family Phlyctidaceae. Found in eastern North America, it was formally described as a new species in 2017 by Richard Clinton Harris, Zachary Muscavitch, Douglas Ladd, and James Lendemer. Because of its widespread occurrence throughout eastern North America and its abundant and stable populations, it is considered a species of least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.

Chrysothrix insulizans is a species of leprose lichen in the family Chrysotrichaceae. It is a distinctive species of lichen characterized by its bright yellow-green to yellow-orange coloring and unique growth patterns. Most collections have been found growing on rocks, although a few have been recorded growing on bark.

Staurothele nemorum is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling) lichen in the family Verrucariaceae. Found in the United States, it was formally described as a new species in 2019 by Caleb Morse and Douglas Ladd. The type specimen was collected from the University of Kansas Ecological Reserves, in Baldwin City, Kansas. The species epithetnemorum, which combines the Latin roots nemus (grove or a glade) and -oris, alludes to the habitat of this lichen. It occurs in the southern Great Plains in central North America, and has been collected in the states of Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Texas.

Lecanora inaurata is a species of crustose lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. Found in the United States, it was described as new to science in 2016 by Caleb Morse and Douglas Ladd. The lichen occurs in open hardwood-dominated woodlands of the Edwards Plateau and grasslands of the southern Great Plains in Oklahoma and Texas. It is a member of the L. subfusca group in genus Lecanora.

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