Irwin Murray Brodo

Bryoria is a genus of lichenized fungi in the family Parmeliaceae. Many members of this genus are known as horsehair lichens. The genus has a widespread distribution, especially in boreal and cool temperate areas. These lichens typically grow as slender, hair-like strands that hang from conifer trees or form small bushes, ranging in colour from dark brown to pale grey. They play important ecological roles, particularly as winter food for caribou in northern forests, where some species can accumulate in large quantities in the forest canopy. The genus contains about 35 species found worldwide,

Bryoria fuscescens is a species of lichen of the family Parmeliaceae. As of July 2021, its conservation status has not been estimated by the IUCN. In Iceland, where it grows as an epiphyte on downy birch stems and branches, it is classified as a vulnerable species (VU).

Bryoria fremontii is a dark brown horsehair lichen that grows hanging from trees in western North America, and northern Europe and Asia. It grows abundantly in some areas, and is an important traditional food for a few First Nations in North America.

Bryoria nadvornikiana, commonly known as the spiny grey horsehair lichen or the blonde horsehair lichen, is a species of horsehair lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. In Nepal, B. nadvornikiana has been reported from 3,800 to 3,900 m elevation in a compilation of published records.

Sulcaria isidiifera, commonly known as the splitting yarn lichen, is a rare species of pendent (hanging) fruticose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It has a dull yellowish-white to light brown and reddish-brown thallus and is typically 3–5 cm (1.2–2.0 in) long. It is only known to occur in the Los Osos Oaks State Natural Reserve, in the Central Coast of California region, where it grows on a variety of shrubs.

Pseudephebe minuscula is a species of fruticose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. In North America, it is known colloquially as coarse rockwool. It has an antitropical distribution.

Nodobryoria abbreviata, the tufted foxtail lichen, is a species of fruticose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It was originally classified as a form of Alectoria in 1889, then moved to the genus Bryoria, before being transferred to the newly created genus Nodobryoria in 1995 based on distinctive anatomical and chemical differences. The lichen grows throughout western North America, from British Columbia south to Baja California, typically found on conifer bark and dead wood in forests from valley bottoms to near the tree line. It is most common in the interior Pacific Northwest, especially

Lecanora hybocarpa is a species of crustose lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. Originally described in 1849 as a species of Parmelia, it was transferred to Lecanora in 1984 by Irwin Brodo. A 2025 study reassessed material identified as Lecanora hybocarpa in Europe and Macaronesia by comparing those specimens with North American collections using morphology, thin-layer chromatography, and DNA sequence data (nrITS and mtSSU). The authors concluded that true L. hybocarpa has not yet been confirmed in Europe. Instead, European specimens matching the same general morphology represent several

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Alectoria imshaugii, commonly known as spiny witches hair, is a species of fruticose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae that occurs in North America. It was described as a new species by the lichenologists Irwin Brodo and David L. Hawksworth in their 1977 monograph on the genus Alectoria. The species epithet honors Henry Andrew Imshaug. The variety venezuelensis, proposed in 1994, occurs in Venezuela. The Chinese species Alectoria spiculatosa is somewhat similar in appearance to A. imshaugii, but is distinguished by its characteristic sorediate pseudocyphellae and also by having spinules that

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Ochrolechia gowardii is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Ochrolechiaceae. First described in 1991 by the Canadian lichenologist Irwin M. Brodo, this lichen is characterised by its very thin, yellowish-white body (thallus) that partially embeds into tree bark. O. gowardii has small, powdery structures (soralia) that produce asexual reproductive granules, and its disc-like fruiting bodies (apothecia) with pale yellow-orange to light orange centres. O. gowardii can be found in parts of northwestern North America and Scandinavia, typically growing on

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Bryoria implexa is a species of horsehair lichen in the family Parmeliaceae.

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Nodobryoria is a genus of medium to large, reddish-brown lichens that are hair-like to shrubby (fruticose) in shape and grow on conifer trees. The genus contains three species, distributed in North America and Greenland, which were previously included in the genus Bryoria. Nodobryoria is similar in appearance to Bryoria, but is differentiated because it does not contain the polysaccharide lichenin (which is present in high quantities in Bryoria), and it has a unique cortex composed of interlocking cells that look like pieces of a jigsaw puzzle when viewed under a light microscope.

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