Joseph William Spatafora

Ophiocordyceps sinensis (synonym Cordyceps sinensis), known colloquially as caterpillar fungus, is an entomopathogenic fungus (a fungus that grows on insects) in the family Ophiocordycipitaceae. It is mainly found in the meadows above 3,500 metres (11,500 ft) on the Tibetan Plateau regions of Tibet, Qinghai, Sichuan, Yunnan and Himalayan regions of Bhutan and Nepal. It parasitizes larvae of ghost moths and produces a fruiting body which is valued in traditional Chinese medicine and Nepalese medicine as an aphrodisiac. However, naturally harvested fruiting bodies often contain high amounts of

Ophiocordycipitaceae is a family of parasitic fungi in the phylum Ascomycota, class Sordariomycetes. It was created in 2007 to resolve the paraphyly of Calvicipitaceae. It was updated in 2020.

Phallomycetidae is a subclass of the class Agaricomycetes of fungi.

The Cordycipitaceae are a family of parasitic fungi in the Ascomycota, class Sordariomycetes and order Hypocreales. The family was first published in 1969 by mycologist Hanns Kreisel, but the naming was invalid according to the code of International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants. It was validly published in 2007 as a way to resolve the paraphyly of Clavicipitaceae.

Tolypocladium ophioglossoides, also known by two of its better known synonyms Elaphocordyceps ophioglossoides and Cordyceps ophioglossoides and commonly known as the goldenthread cordyceps, is a species of fungus in the family Ophiocordycipitaceae. It is parasitic on fruit bodies of the truffle-like Elaphomyces. The species is considered inedible, but is valued in traditional Chinese medicine.

Dothideomycetidae is a fungal subclass in the class Dothideomycetes The cavities of the sexual structures do not have vertical cells (paraphyses, pseudoparaphyses or paraphysoids) growing between the sac-like cells bearing the sexual spores (asci).

Pleosporomycetidae is a subclass of Dothideomycetes consisting of four orders: Pleosporales, Hysteriales, Mytilinidiales, and Jahnulales. One of its defining features is the presence of pseudoparaphyses. These are sterile cells extending down from the upper portion of the cavity inside sexual structures containing the sac-like asci with sexually produced spores (ascospores). Pseudoparaphyses are initially attached at both their ends, but sometimes the upper part may become free. Some orders and families where these cells are present remain outside the subclass since DNA-based phylogenies

Ophiocordyceps sphecocephala is a species of insect-pathogenic fungus, meaning it grows within insects, particularly wasps of the genera Polistes, Tachytes, and Vespa. It has been reported across the Americas and China. Physically, its stromata can be 2–10 cm long and form an egg-shaped head. It is typically cream or yellow in color. The fungus may also have potential medical implications, including possible anti-asthmatic or anti-cancer properties. After the fungus takes control of the insect, the host typically moves to an elevated location, where the fungus eventually sprouts from the

Lulworthiales is a monotypic order of fungi in the class Sordariomycetes and also subclass Lulworthiomycetidae. The order Lulworthiales, with its sole family Lulworthiaceae, consists of strictly marine fungal genera found on a wide range of substrates such as seagrasses (including Posidonia oceanica), seaweeds, and seafoam. Order Lulworthiales was introduced on the basis of morphological characters and phylogenetic analyses built upon LSU and SSU partial sequences to accommodate the polyphyletic genera Lulworthia and Lindra. Members of this family (and order) are well-known cellulase

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Mytilinidiales is an order of fungi within the class Dothideomycetes.

Geoglossaceae is a family of fungi in the order Geoglossales, class Geoglossomycetes. These fungi are broadly known as earth tongues. The ascocarps of most species in the family Geoglossaceae are terrestrial and are generally small, dark in color, and club-shaped with a height of 2–8 cm. The ascospores are typically light-brown to dark-brown and are often multiseptate. Other species of fungi have been known to parasitize ascocarps. The use of a compound microscope is needed for accurate identification.

Isaria fumosorosea is an entomopathogenic fungus, formerly known as Paecilomyces fumosoroseus. It shows promise as a biological pesticide with an extensive host range.

The Gloniaceae are a family of fungi in the order Mytilinidiales.

The Davidiellaceae are a family of fungi in the Ascomycota, class Dothideomycetes. The family was defined in 2006 based on the results of molecular phylogenetic analysis of various Dothideomycetes species, and contains the genus Davidiella and six other genera.

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Metacordyceps is a genus of fungi in the family Clavicipitaceae. The anamorphs of Metacordyceps appear to include Metarhizium species. Metacordyceps species attack insects in the orders Coleoptera and Lepidoptera, hosts that are common throughout all Cordyceps-like fungi.

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Ophiocordyceps robertsii, known in New Zealand as vegetable caterpillar (Māori: āwhato or āwheto) is an entomopathogenic fungus belonging to the order Hypocreales (Ascomycota) in the family Ophiocordycipitaceae. It invades the caterpillars of leaf-litter dwelling moths and turns them into fungal mummies, sending up a fruiting spike above the forest floor to shed its spores. Caterpillars eat the spores as they feed on leaf litter, completing the fungal life cycle. Evidence of this fungus can be seen when small brown stems push through the forest floor: underneath are the dried remains of the

Ophiocordyceps myrmecophila, commonly known as the ant fungus or ant eater, is a species of fungus that parasitizes insect hosts, in particular members of the order Hymenoptera.

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The Lulworthiaceae are a family of marine fungi in the Ascomycota, class Sordariomycetes. Species in the family have a widespread distribution in both temperate and tropical oceans, and are typically found growing on submerged wood or on seaweed. In 2000, Molecular analysis of several species of Lulworthia and Lindra led to the reassignment of their parent genera to the new order Lulworthiales in addition to the new family Lulworthiaceae. In 2020, a large fungi study added more genera to the family.

Craterellus ignicolor is an edible fungus, also known as the flame-colored chanterelle. It was first described as C. ignicolor in 1975 from Tennessee, USA; prior to 1975, it was referred to as Cantharellus lutescens and C. infundibuliformis var. luteolus. In 2000, DNA analysis showed that this chanterelle should be classified within Craterellus, rather than in Cantharellus as previously thought. Craterellus ignicolor fruiting bodies commonly grow amongst moss in areas with significant shade, such as coniferous or hardwood forests, and tend to occur scattered and in groups or clusters during

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Lulwoana is a genus of fungi within the Lulworthiaceae family. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Lulwoana uniseptata. It was originally published in 1984 as Lulworthia uniseptata and then re-published in Mycol. Res. vol.109 (5) on page 562 in 2005, with its new name of Lulwoana uniseptata.

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Samsoniella is a genus of fungi belonging to the family Cordycipitaceae. It contains the economically-important Samsoniella hepiali, which has a medicine and health food market worth 10 billion RMB in China.

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