Martin Kukwa

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Lepraria diffusa is a species of leprose lichen in the family Stereocaulaceae. Originally described as Leproloma diffusum by Jack Laundon in 1989, it was reclassified into Lepraria in 2002. The lichen has a powdery thallus containing the secondary metabolite 4-oxypannaric acid 2-methylester. It grows on calcareous rocks and mosses in shaded areas across Asia, Europe, North America, and South America.

Lepraria achariana is a species of leprose lichen in the family Stereocaulaceae. It occurs at high elevations in Bolivia.

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Lepraria nothofagi is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) dust lichen in the family Stereocaulaceae. This species forms a thick, powdery white to ivory crust that reproduces exclusively through dust-like soredia, as it never develops the cup-shaped fruiting bodies (apothecia) common in many other lichens. Chemical analysis reveals a consistent profile of secondary metabolites, including atranorin, porphyrilic acid, and strepsilin, the last of which produces a characteristic green reaction when tested with calcium hypochlorite (bleach), providing a useful field identification method.

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Remototrachyna sipmaniana is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is only known to occur in Bolivia, where it grows on boulders in Yungas mountain cloud forests.

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Botryolepraria neotropica is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), byssoid (cottony) lichen in the order Verrucariales. It was formally described as a new species in 2010 from the Neotropics, and is known from shaded, damp places where it grows on sheltered rock surfaces, sometimes among liverworts. Under low magnification its pale, uncorticated thallus can resemble a granular Lepraria-like crust, but it differs from its relative B. lesdainii in having larger granules and in producing zeorin without lesdainin.

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Pseudolepraria is a fungal genus in the family Ramalinaceae. It comprises the single species Pseudolepraria stephaniana, a corticolous (bark-dwelling) leprose lichen found only in lowland tropical forests of Bolivia. First described as Lepraria stephaniana in 2010, the species was reclassified into its own genus in 2023 after molecular studies revealed its distinct phylogenetic position. The lichen is characterised by its thick, powdery, green-grey to creamy-white thallus lacking defined edges, and is notable for containing the rare compound 4-O-methylleprolomin. Unlike related Bolivian

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Loxospora cristinae is a fungal species classified in 2018, found in a few European countries. It belongs to the division Ascomycota and the family Sarrameanaceae. It was first identified and described in the 19th century, but the species would not be correctly classified until almost two centuries later. Loxospora cristinae is a sterile crustose lichen, meaning it reproduces by a type of vegetative spore that has evolved specifically to produce morphological structures.

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Lepraria glaucosorediata is a species of leprose lichen in the family Stereocaulaceae. It was formally described in 2009 from specimens collected in the Bolivian Andes at high elevation. The lichen is characterised by its thick, powdery crust with a distinctive bluish-grey tint and unusual soredial structure. It grows on rocks and mosses in humid, shaded locations within high-elevation puna grassland.

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Fuscidea multispora is a species of foliicolous (leaf-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Fuscideaceae. Found in Bolivia, it is known to occur only in a single high-altitude locality in a national park, where it grows on the leaves of coniferous trees from the genus Podocarpus.

Cora parabovei is a species of basidiolichen in the family Hygrophoraceae. Found in Bolivia, it was formally described as a new species in 2016 by Manuela Dal-Forno, Martin Kukwa, and Robert Lücking. The specific epithet parabovei refers to its close phylogenetic association with Cora bovei. The lichen is only known from the type specimen, collected in the Cotapata National Park and Integrated Management Natural Area (Nor Yungas Province). In this area, a transition zone between páramo and mountainous cloud forest, the lichen was found growing on the ground. Its namesake, C. bovei, is a

Astrothelium chulumanense is a little-known species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Trypetheliaceae. Found in the Yungas montane forest of Bolivia, it was formally described as a new species in 2023. It is characterized by pseudostromata not differing in colour from the thallus, perithecia immersed for the most part in the thallus with the upper part elevated above and covered with orange pigment, apical and fused ostioles, the absence of lichexanthone, a clear hamathecium, eight-spored asci, and large, muriform ascospores with a thickened median septum.

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Snippocia is a monospecific fungal genus in the family Arthoniaceae. It contains the single species Snippocia nivea, a crustose, corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen. This lichen was previously known as Schismatomma niveum; Snippocia was established to accommodate the species after molecular studies indicated that it did not belong in its previously assigned genus.