Fungi named in 1796

Russula is a very large genus composed of around 750 worldwide species of fungi. The genus was described by Christian Hendrik Persoon in 1796. The mushrooms are fairly large, and brightly colored – making them one of the most recognizable genera among mycologists and mushroom collectors. Their distinguishing characteristics include usually brightly coloured caps, a white to dark yellow spore print, brittle, attached gills, an absence of latex, and absence of partial veil or volva tissue on the stem. Microscopically, the genus is characterised by the amyloid ornamented spores and flesh (trama)

Suillus luteus is a species of bolete fungus commonly referred to as slippery jack or sticky bun. The fungus was originally assigned to Boletus by Carl Linnaeus in 1753, before being made the type species of Suillus in 1796. The slimy cap is typically up to 10 cm (4 in) wide and conical before flattening. A membranous partial veil connects the cap to the stem when young. Yellow tubes extend downward from the underside of the cap, which spores escape through. The pale stem is up to 10 cm (4 in) tall and 3 cm (1+1⁄4 in) thick, bearing small dots near the top. Unlike most other boletes, it bears

Lycoperdon perlatum, popularly known as the common puffball, warted puffball, gem-studded puffball or devil's snuff-box, is a species of puffball fungus in the family Agaricaceae. It is a medium-sized puffball with a round fruit body tapering to a wide stalk, and dimensions of 1.5 to 6 cm (1⁄2 to 2+1⁄4 in) wide by 3 to 10 cm (1+1⁄4 to 4 in) tall. It is off-white with a top covered in short spiny bumps or "jewels", which are easily rubbed off to leave a netlike pattern on the surface. When mature it becomes brown and a hole in the top opens to release spores in a burst when the body is

Russula emetica, commonly known as the sickener, emetic russula, vomiting russula, is a basidiomycete mushroom, and the type species of the genus Russula. It was first described in 1774. It has a red, convex to flat cap up to 8.5 cm (3.3 in) in diameter, with a cuticle that can be peeled off almost to the centre. The gills are white to pale cream, and closely spaced. A smooth white stem measures up to 10.5 cm (4.1 in) long and 2.4 cm (0.9 in) thick. There are many similar russulas with a red cap and white stem and gills, some of which can be reliably distinguished only by microscopy. The

Suillus bovinus, also known as the Jersey cow mushroom or bovine bolete, is a pored mushroom of the genus Suillus in the family Suillaceae. It was initially described as Boletus bovinus by Carl Linnaeus in 1753, and given its current binomial name by Henri François Anne de Roussel in 1806. Suillus bovinus produces spore-bearing fruit bodies, often in large numbers, above ground. The mushroom has a convex grey-yellow or ochre cap reaching up to 10 cm (4 in) in diameter, which flattens with age. Like other boletes, it has tubes extending downward from the underside of the cap, rather than

Suillus granulatus is a species of fungus in the genus Suillus. It has been commonly known as the weeping bolete or the granulated bolete. It is a pored mushroom similar to S. luteus, but can be distinguished by its ringless stalk. The species often grows in a symbiosis (mycorrhiza) with pine. It is native to the Northern Hemisphere and has been introduced elsewhere. It is edible.

Russula foetens, commonly known as the stinking russula, is a common Russula mushroom found in deciduous and coniferous forests.

Russula aurea, commonly known as the gilded brittlegill, is an uncommon species of mushroom found in deciduous woodland in Europe in summer and early autumn. Unlike many red-capped members of the genus, it is edible and mild-tasting.

Russula rosea (synonym Russula lepida), known as the rosy russula, is a north temperate, commonly found mushroom of the large "brittlegill" genus Russula. The cap is convex when young, later flat, mostly bright cinnabar to carmine red; often with yellow spots and up to 10 cm in diameter. The gills are pale straw-yellow, brittle, and occasionally with a red edge at the rim of the cap. The spores are pale-cream. The stem is usually flushed carmine, but can be pure white. The flesh is hard and bitter-tasting; some consider it edible, others inedible. This mushroom is commonly found in coniferous

Suillus viscidus (commonly known as the sticky bolete) is an edible, uncommon mushroom in the genus Suillus. It associates with larch and is found throughout Europe and in Japan.

Lobaria pulmonaria is a large epiphytic lichen consisting of an ascomycete fungus and a green algal partner living together in a symbiotic relationship with a cyanobacterium—a symbiosis involving members of three kingdoms of organisms. Commonly known by various names like tree lungwort, lung lichen, lung moss, lungwort lichen, oak lungs or oak lungwort, it is sensitive to air pollution and is also harmed by habitat loss and changes in forestry practices. Its population has declined across Europe and L. pulmonaria is considered endangered in many lowland areas. The species has a history of use

Russula olivacea is an edible and non-poisonous Russula mushroom found mostly in groups from June in deciduous and coniferous forests, mainly under spruce and beech; not rare.

Cladonia pyxidata or the pebbled cup lichen is a species of cup lichen in the family Cladoniaceae. It is host to the lichenicolous fungus Lichenoconium pyxidatae. In Nepal, Cladonia pyxidata has been reported from 4,000 to 4,100 m elevation in a compilation of published records.

Clavaria fumosa, commonly known as the grayish fairy club, smoky clavaria or smoky spindles, is a species of coral fungus in the family Clavariaceae.

Stereocaulon is a genus of lichens. Members of Stereocaulon are commonly called rock foam lichens. Photobiont partners of Stereocaulon include green algae from the genera Asterochloris, Chloroidium, and Vulcanochloris. Stereocaulon is difficult to ID to species, but there is a high diversity of species within the genus.

Ascobolus is a genus of fungi in the Ascobolaceae family. The genus has a widespread distribution, and contains an estimated 61 species, most of which are coprophilous. The genus was circumscribed by Christian Hendrik Persoon in 1796.

Cladonia macilenta or the lipstick cup lichen is a species of cup lichen in the family Cladoniaceae. The species is red listed in Iceland as an endangered species (EN). While it is found in various regions of the UK, it is considered potentially threatened in parts of the lowlands due to habitat loss. Verrucaster lichenicola, described by Friedrich Tobler in 1913, was proposed to be a fungus with waxy pycnidia and hyaline conidia lacking septa. It was, however, a little-known taxon, as the type specimen was lost and not collected again. The rediscovery of the type material more than a century

Cladonia deformis, also known as the lesser sulphur cup or the lesser sulphur cup lichen, is a light-coloured, fruticose, cup lichen belonging to the family Cladoniaceae. This lichen was first described as Lichen deformis by Carl Linnaeus in 1753, and transferred to the genus Cladonia in 1796 by Georg Franz Hoffmann. As of July 2021, its conservation status has not been estimated by the IUCN. In Iceland, its conservation status is denoted as data deficient (DD).

Stereocaulon paschale is a species of lichen belonging to the family Stereocaulaceae. It has a cosmopolitan distribution. In Iceland, it has the conservation status of a vulnerable species (VU).

Microglossum atropurpureum is a species of fungus in the family Leotiaceae. In the UK, it has been given the recommended English name of dark-purple earthtongue. Ascocarps (fruit bodies) are black, often with a purple tint, and are irregularly club-shaped. They occur in soil and resemble earth tongues, but are microscopically distinct. The species was formerly referred to the genus Geoglossum, but is not closely related to the Geoglossomycetes. Microglossum atropurpureum is found in eastern North America and Europe, where it is typical of waxcap grasslands, a declining habitat due to changing

Usnea articulata, commonly known as the string-of-sausage lichen, is a pale greenish-grey, densely branched lichen with a prostrate or pendant growth form. It grows on bark, on branches and twigs, and is often unattached to a branch and merely draped over it. It grows up to 100 cm (40 in) in length.

Umbilicaria hyperborea, commonly known as blistered rock tripe, is a species of foliose lichen in the family Umbilicariaceae. It is widely distributed in arctic and alpine regions.

Cladonia turgida or the crazy-scale cup lichen is a species of cup lichen in the family Cladoniaceae. Cladonia turgida contains atranorin and fumarprotocetraric acid with the latter compound sometimes in low quantities.

Cladonia phyllophora, the felt Cladonia, is a widely distributed species of fruticose lichen in the family Cladoniaceae. It was described as a new species in 1796 by the German naturalist Georg Franz Hoffmann. The lichen, which grows on rotting wood and on soil in both open and shaded environments, has been recorded from Antarctica, Asia, Europe, North America, Oceania, and South America.

Cladonia parasitica, commonly known as the fence-rail cladonia, fence-rail cup lichen or parasite club lichen, is a species of fruticose, cup lichen in the family Cladoniaceae. It was first described by Hoffmann in 1784 under the name Lichen parasiticus, until he reclassified it under the genus Cladonia in 1795.

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