Fungi named in 1818

Cordyceps is a genus of ascomycete fungi (sac fungi) that includes over 260 species worldwide, many of which are parasitic. Diverse variants of cordyceps have had more than 1,500 years of use in Chinese medicine. Most Cordyceps species are endoparasitoids, parasitic mainly on insects and other arthropods (they are thus entomopathogenic fungi); a few are parasitic on other fungi. The generic name Cordyceps is derived from the ancient Greek κορδύλη kordýlē, meaning "club", and the Latin -ceps, derived from Latin caput, meaning "head". The genus has a worldwide distribution, with most of the

Cordyceps militaris, commonly known as the caterpillar fungus, is a species of fungus in the family Cordycipitaceae, and the type species of the genus Cordyceps, which consists of hundreds of species. The species was originally described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753 as Clavaria militaris. Cordyceps militaris parasitizes insects and is used in traditional Chinese medicine. It is commonly marketed as a dietary supplement for various health benefits but lacks sufficient scientific evidence for safety or effectiveness, and quality can vary due to inconsistent processing and labeling.

Typhula is a genus of clavarioid fungi in the order Agaricales. Species of Typhula are saprotrophic, mostly decomposing leaves, twigs, and herbaceous material. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are club-shaped or narrowly cylindrical and are simple (not branched), often arising from sclerotia. A few species are facultative plant pathogens, causing a number of commercially important crop and turfgrass diseases.

Phyllosticta is a genus of fungi. Many of the species in this genus are common and important plant pathogens. They typically infect the foliage and cause tannish-gray leaf spots with dark brown to purple borders. However, Phyllosticta may also infect fruit and stems. Yield loss is a common consequence of Phyllosticta infection. Representatives of the genus are found worldwide and on a wide range of plant hosts.

Scleroderma areolatum is a basidiomycete fungus and a member of the genus Scleroderma, or "earth balls".

Cytospora is a genus of ascomycete fungi. The genus was first described in 1818 by Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg. Cytospora species are known as plant pathogens.

Cenangium is a genus of fungi in the family Helotiaceae. The genus contains 25 species. The type species Cenangium ferruginosum causes dieback of pines.

Athelia is a genus of corticioid fungi in the family Atheliaceae. Some species are facultative parasites of plants (including crops) and of lichens. The widespread genus contains 28 species. However, Athelia rolfsii was found to belong in the Amylocorticiales in a molecular phylogenetics study and renamed Agroathelia rolfsii.

Typhula erythropus is a species of fungus in the family Typhulaceae, first described by Christiaan Hendrik Persoon and given its current name by Elias Magnus Fries.

Cenangium ferruginosum is a species of fungus which infects young twigs of especially older pines (Pinus sylvestris). It, along with Cenangium atropurpureum, causes the disease Cenangium canker. The parasite lives under the bark of the trunk and spreads out further i.e. bark of branches up to the fresh twig tips of needles. The needles turn brown at the base, and the needles on the twig tips die off in time.

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Syzygites is a monotypic genus in Zygomycota. The sole described species is Syzygites megalocarpus, which was the first fungus for which sex was reported and the main homothallic representative in the research that allowed for the classification of fungi as homothallic or heterothallic. It is also the fungus from which the term "zygospore" was coined.

Dothidea is a genus of fungi belonging to the family Dothideaceae. The genus was first described in 1818 by Elias Magnus Fries. The type species is Dothidea sambuci. The genus has almost cosmopolitan distribution.

Chaetomium elatum is a very common and widely distributed saprotrophic fungus of the Chaetomiaceae family of molds which has been found to grow on many different substances all over the world. It was first established by Gustav Kunze after he observed it growing on dead leaves. Its defining features that distinguish it from other Chaetomium species are its extremely coarse terminal hairs and the lemon-shaped morphology of its ascospores. It produces many metabolites with potential biotechnology uses including one with promise against the rice blast disease fungus, Magnaporthe grisea. It shows

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Hypochnus is a genus of fungi. The original treatment of the genus by Elias Magnus Fries included various wholly unrelated species, therefore it is now considered a nomen ambiguum, with the type species H. ferrugineus assigned to Tomentella.