Fungi named in 1842

The Pyronemataceae are a family of fungi in the order Pezizales. It is the largest family of the Pezizales, encompassing 75 genera and approximately 500 species. Phylogenetic analyses does not support the prior classifications of this family, and suggest that the family is not monophyletic as it is currently circumscribed.

The Sclerodermataceae are a family of fungi in the order Boletales, containing several genera of unusual fungi that little resemble boletes. Taxa, which include species commonly known as the ‘hard-skinned puffballs’, ‘earthballs’, or 'earthstars', are widespread in both temperate and tropical regions. The best known members include the earthball Scleroderma citrinum, the dye fungus Pisolithus tinctorius and the 'prettymouths' of the genus Calostoma.

The Leotiaceae are a family of fungi in the order Leotiales. Species in this family are saprobic, and have a wide distribution, especially in temperate regions. The family contains 7 genera and 34 species.

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Myriostoma coliforme, commonly known as the saltshaker earthstar or pepper pot, is a fungal species in the family Geastraceae. The basidiocarps resemble earthstars, but the spore sac is supported by multiple columns (instead of a single column) and has multiple ostioles instead of a single, apical ostiole. It has also been called "salt-shaker earthstar". The fungus has a north temperate distribution, but was formerly thought to be more widespread due to confusion with related Myriostoma species. It is an uncommon species and appears on the Red Lists of 12 European countries. In 2004 it was

Gloeoporus is a genus of crust fungi in the family Irpicaceae. The genus has a widespread distribution.

Cyttaria (From Greek Kyttaros, meaning "cell of a honeycomb") is a genus of ascomycete fungi. About 10 species belong to Cyttaria, found in South America, Australia and New Zealand, which are obligatory parasites of southern beech trees from the genus Nothofagus. The "llao llao" fungus Cyttaria hariotii, one of the most common fungi in Andean-Patagonian forests, has been shown to harbor the yeast Saccharomyces eubayanus, which may be source of the lager yeast S. pastorianus cold-tolerance.

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Mycenastrum is a fungal genus in the family Agaricaceae. The genus is monotypic, containing one widely distributed species, Mycenastrum corium, known by various common names: the giant pasture puffball, leathery puffball, or tough puffball. The roughly spherical to turnip-shaped puffball-like fruit bodies grow to a diameter of 6–24 cm (2–9 in). Initially covered by a thick, felted, whitish layer, the puffballs develop a characteristic checkered skin (peridium) in age. As the spores mature, the gleba turns first yellowish then purplish brown. Spores are released when the peridium eventually

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Geastrum elegans is an inedible species of mushroom belonging to the genus Geastrum, or earthstar fungi.

The Pilobolaceae are a family of fungi in the Mucorales order. Generally, species in this family have a widespread distribution, although there are some that are restricted to tropical and subtropical regions. This family includes two genera: Pilobolus, and Utharomyces.

Bovista dermoxantha is a small, white, nearly round puffball, recognized when young by a cottony-felty outer surface that becomes inconspicuously warted, eventually leaving fine, pallid, scales on an ochre to brown endoperidium. Bovista plumbea is similar, but has a smoother surface when young, and lacks a basal mycelial cord. In age it is distinguished by a dull greyish endoperidium. Large specimens of Bovista dermoxantha may also be mistaken for Bovista pila. Both have a mycelial cord attachment to the substrate, but Bovista pila differs in releasing spores through tears or splits in the

Avrainvillea is a genus of green algae in the family Dichotomosiphonaceae.

Hysterographium is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. It was circumscribed by Czech mycologist August Carl Joseph Corda in 1842.

Geastrum lageniforme is a species of fungus belonging to the genus Geastrum. It was described as new to science by Italian mycologist Carlo Vittadini. It is found in Africa, Europe, North America, and South America.

Bostrychia is a genus of filamentous red alga. Species may grow as epiphytes on other plants in salt marsh and mangrove habitats.

Septoria pistaciae is a fungal plant pathogen infecting pistachios. It causes a disease known as septoria leaf spot in the leaves of pistachio, along with the related species Septoria pistaciarum and Septoria pistacina.

Helicostylum is a genus of fungi in the family Mucoraceae. It currently contains two species.

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Crouania is a genus of red algae (Rhodophyta) in the Callithamniaceae family. The name of the genus honours the French born Crouan brothers, Pierre-Louis Crouan (1798 - 1871) and Hippolyte-Marie Crouan (1802 - 1871). It was first described by Jacob Georg Agardh in 1842, and the type species is Crouania attenuata.

Umbilicaria virginis, commonly known as the blushing rock tripe, is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling) umbilicate lichen in the family Umbilicariaceae. It occurs in polar and alpine regions.

Septoria fragariae is a fungal plant pathogen affecting strawberries.

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Pileolaria terebinthi is a plant pathogen infecting pistachio trees including Pistacia vera, Pistacia atlantica, and Pistacia terebinthus.