Fungi named in 1855

The Lecanoraceae are a family of lichenized fungi in the order Lecanorales. Species of this family have a widespread distribution.

The Pertusariaceae are a family of lichen-forming fungi in the order Pertusariales.

Lecidella is a genus of crustose lichens in the family Lecanoraceae.

Lecanactis is a genus of crustose lichens, commonly called old wood lichens. The mycobiont (fungus partner) is in the family Roccellaceae. The photobiont is an algae in the genus Trentepohlia. These lichens typically grow as thin crusts on tree bark or rocks, producing small black fruiting bodies that may appear as round discs or elongated slits. The genus contains about 40 species found worldwide, with some species considered rare and threatened by habitat loss.

Dacampiaceae is a family of fungi belonging to the order Pleosporales. The family was circumscribed in 1855 by the German lichenologist Gustav Wilhelm Körber.

Thelopsis is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Gyalectaceae. The genus was established by the Finnish lichenologist William Nylander in 1855 and contains small bark-dwelling crustose lichens that form thin crusts on surfaces. These lichens make flask-shaped fruiting bodies called perithecia, which contain numerous small ascospores divided by cross-walls. Recent molecular studies have revealed that the genus forms a closely related group within the broader Gyalecta complex, leading to taxonomic revisions that now recognise about a dozen species worldwide.

Thelidium is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Verrucariaceae. The genus was established in 1855 by the Italian lichenologist Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo, who distinguished it from related genera by its point-like fruiting bodies with distinctive double walls and granular spores. These lichens form thin crusts on rock surfaces and reproduce through tiny, black, flask-shaped structures that contain spores. The genus includes about 27 species found worldwide, ranging from common European species to more recently discovered ones from Asia and Australia.

Porpidia is a genus of crustose lichens in the family Lecideaceae. Porpidia species primarily inhabit siliceous rocks, pebbles, and stonework, with rare occurrences on bark, wood, and compacted soil. The thallus, or body of the lichen, varies in appearance from thick and crusty to barely visible. It may form a continuous layer or develop cracks resulting in a segmented, areolate structure. The colour of the thallus ranges from grey and white to orange.

Lecanactis abietina, the old-wood lichen, is a species of leprose lichen in the family Roccellaceae. It forms a thin, mauve-grey to whitish-grey crust on the bark of both deciduous and coniferous trees, typically in shaded, humid habitats, and is regarded as characteristic of old-growth forests in cool temperate regions. The species is widespread in northern and central Europe and also occurs in North America, Australasia, and Papua New Guinea. Its nomenclatural history played a central role in the conservation of the genus Lecanactis, for which it serves as the type species.

Psorotichia is a genus of saxicolous (rock-dwelling) lichens in the family Lichinaceae. The genus can be distinguished from other rock-dwelling lichens by its distinctive dark colouration and granular texture. Unlike many lichens that form leafy or branched structures, Psorotichia species create only thin, crusty patches that blend closely with the rock surface. Their small fruiting bodies are often difficult to spot without magnification, appearing as tiny dark dots embedded in the crust.

Pleopsidium is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Acarosporaceae (order Acarosporales). The widespread genus was circumscribed by lichenologist Gustav Wilhelm Körber in 1855. After a 2025 revision of the genus, it comprises eight species.

Lempholemma is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Porocyphaceae. It comprises 14 species of gelatinous lichens that grow on rocks, mortar, bryophytes, or soil. These lichens form thin, often inconspicuous mats that can take various shapes—from wart-like crusts to tiny leaf-shaped scales or delicate tufts—and turn dark blue-green and gelatinous when damp due to their partnership with nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria. Established as a genus in 1855 by the German lichenologist Gustav Wilhelm Körber to separate certain gelatinous lichens from the genus Collema, Lempholemma species

Hymeneliaceae is a family of lichen-forming fungi in the order Baeomycetales. It contains three genera and about 40 species. The family was circumscribed by German lichenologist Gustav Wilhelm Körber in 1855. Lichens in the Hymeneliaceae are saxicolous (rock-dwelling) and crustose, occurring predominantly in the cool-temperate climates to subarctic climates of both the Northern and Southern hemispheres.

Stenocybe is a genus of fungi in the family Mycocaliciaceae. It has 14 species.

Pyrrhospora is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Lecanoraceae. The genus was established in 1855 by the German lichenologist Gustav Wilhelm Körber, who named it after the distinctive reddish-brown colour of the spores, combining Greek words meaning 'reddish-brown' and 'spore'. These lichens form thin crusty films on rocks and tree bark, producing button-shaped fruiting bodies that start reddish-brown and turn almost black with age. The genus contains eight species and is distinguished by its unique spore colouration and chemical compounds including anthraquinone pigments that give

Pleopsidium flavum (gold cobblestone lichen) is a distinctively colored, bright lemon-yellow to chartreuse crustose lichen that grows in high elevations (montane to alpine) on vertical or overhanging hard felsic rock (e.g. granite) in western North America. Its thallus grows in a circular outwardly radiating pattern (placodioid), with 1mm wide lobed edges. This is the identity of the vivid, lime-green lichens often photographed on granite boulders in the Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge of Oklahoma. According to Prof. Wayne Armstrong of Mount Palomar College, This lichen only grows "a few

Placidium is a genus of crustose to squamulose to almost foliose lichens. The genus is in the family Verrucariaceae. Most members grow on soil (are terricolous), but some grow on rock (saxicolous). The fruiting bodies are perithecia, flask-like structures immersed in the lichen body (thallus) with only the top opening visible, dotting the thallus. Lichen spot tests are all negative. Members of the genus lack rhizines, but otherwise resemble members of the genus Clavascidium. Members of the genus are commonly called stiplescale lichens or earthscale.

Paurocotylis pila, commonly known as the scarlet berry truffle, is an ascomycete fungus in the genus Paurocotylis. It was first described by Miles Joseph Berkley in 1855. This species is native to New Zealand and Australia and is naturalized in the United Kingdom. It often appears in forests under podocarp trees such as tōtara; however, it also occurs in gardens, forest tracks, and parks.

Normandina is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Verrucariaceae. It has five species of crustose and squamulose (scaly) lichens.

Leptorhaphis is a genus of lichens in the family Naetrocymbaceae. Members of the genus are commonly called birchbark dot lichens. The genus comprises eight recognized species that are widely distributed, primarily growing on the bark of deciduous trees such as birch, aspen, and larch. Most species lack a visible thallus and are considered saprobic rather than truly lichenized, as they generally do not form a stable partnership with algae.

Leptogium cyanescens, commonly called the blue jellyskin, is a foliose, gelatinous lichen in the family Collemataceae. It is one of the most widespread members of its genus, recorded throughout temperate and subtropical regions on at least four continents.

Endococcus is a genus of lichenicolous (lichen-dwelling) in the family Lichenotheliaceae. It has 44 species. The genus was circumscribed by the Finnish botanist William Nylander in 1855. Although at least one source places the genus in the Verrucariaceae, a 2016 study of the type species, Endococcus rugulosus, determined that it should instead be placed in the family Lichenotheliaceae of the order Dothideales; this classification echoes a placement proposed in 1979 by David Hawksworth.

Aspicilia cinerea (cinder lichen) is a gray to almost white, 1.5–15 cm (0.59–5.91 in) wide, crustose areolate lichen with large apothecia that mostly grows on rock in the mountains. It grows in variable forms, from having a continuous surface to being areolate. It grows in Eurasia, and North America on siliceous rock, schist or igneous rock in habitats exposed to sunlight, also rarely on calciferous rock. It is common in Arizona, and rare in California and Baja California at elevations of 1,700 to 3,300 metres (5,600 to 10,800 ft). In Nepal, Aspicilia cinerea has been reported at 4,300 m

Thelignya is a genus of fungi within the family Lichinaceae. It is monotypic, containing only the single species Thelignya fuliginea.

Thelenella is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Thelenellaceae. These inconspicuous lichens form thin, crust-like growths that are tightly attached to their substrates and appear as dull whitish, pale grey, or light brown patches. Species of Thelenella are commonly found in damp, shaded environments where they grow on tree bark, living leaves, moss cushions, rock faces, and moss-rich soil. The genus is distinguished by its thick-walled fruiting bodies that are mostly embedded within the lichen crust and contain multicellular spores with multiple cross-walls.

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Rhizocarpon viridiatrum is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Rhizocarpaceae. The species is characterized by its distinctive yellowish-green colouration due to rhizocarpic acid and its parasitic lifestyle, initially growing on other crustose lichens before becoming independent. It forms small, compact thalli rarely exceeding 2 cm across, composed of tiny areoles with scattered black fruiting bodies. The lichen is found across Europe, typically inhabiting siliceous to moderately calcareous rock surfaces such as basalt.

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Porocyphus is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Porocyphaceae. The genus was established in 1855 by the German lichenologist Gustav Wilhelm Körber to distinguish certain lichens from the related genus Collema, based on differences in their reproductive structures. Porocyphus species are found worldwide and are characterised by their pore-like fruiting bodies and simple spores. They form dark, gelatinous crusts on rocks, soil, and bark.

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