Fungi named in 1857

Armillaria is a genus of fungi that includes the A. mellea species ('honey fungus') that live on trees and woody shrubs. It includes about 10 species formerly categorized summarily as A. mellea. Armillaria sp. are long-lived and form the largest living fungi in the world. The largest known specimen (an A. ostoyae) covers more than 3.4 square miles (8.8 km2) in Oregon and is estimated to be 2,500 years old. Some species of Armillaria display bioluminescence. Armillaria can be a destructive forest pathogen. It causes "white rot" root disease. As it feeds on dead plant material, it can kill its

Clitocybe is a genus of mushrooms characterized by white, off-white, buff, cream, pink, or light-yellow spores, gills running down the stem, and pale white to brown or lilac coloration. They are primarily saprotrophic, decomposing forest ground litter. There are estimated to be around 300 species in the widespread genus. Clitocybe means sloping head. A few members of the genus are considered edible; many others are poisonous, containing the toxin muscarine among others. Distinguishing individual species of Clitocybe is generally prohibitively difficult to non-experts, requiring the analysis

Lactarius lignyotus (chocolate milky) is a member of the large milk-cap genus Lactarius in the order Russulales. It was first described scientifically by Elias Magnus Fries in 1855. The cap is up to 10 centimetres (4 in) wide and brown. The stalk is brown and white at the base. The flesh oozes a milky latex when split. It has a yellow or ochre spore print. It can be found in coniferous woodland in eastern North America. It is considered edible, but of little interest.

Collybia (in the strict sense) is a genus of mushrooms in the family Clitocybaceae. The genus has a widespread distribution in northern temperate areas, and contains well known species like the blewit, sordid blewit, and frosty funnel, as well as various species that grow on the decomposing remains of other mushrooms. The name Collybia means "small coin".

Crepidotus mollis, commonly known as the peeling oysterling, soft slipper, jelly crep, or flabby crepidotus, is a species of mushroom. It is regarded as inedible.

Crepidotus is a genus of fungi in the family Crepidotaceae. Species of Crepidotus all have small, convex to fan-shaped sessile caps and grow on wood or plant debris. The genus has been studied extensively, and monographs of the North American, European, and Neotropical species have been published.

Puccinia recondita is a fungus species and plant pathogen belonging to the order of Pucciniales and family Pucciniaceae.

Pilophorus acicularis, commonly known as the nail lichen or the devil's matchstick lichen, is a species of matchstick lichen in the family Cladoniaceae. P. aciculare has both crustose (crust-like) and fruticose thallus (shrub-like) body parts. The lichen starts out as a granular crust on the rock surface, and develops fruticose stalks, or pseudopodetia, up to 3 cm (1.2 in) tall and about 1 mm thick that have rounded black apothecia at the tips. The stalks are erect and curved so as to appear combed. It grows directly on silicate rocks in dense clusters. It is found on the west coast of North

Leptogium saturninum is a species of lichen-forming fungus belonging to the family Collemataceae. It has cosmopolitan distribution. In Nepal, Leptogium saturninum has been reported from 1,500 to 2,100 m elevation in a compilation of published records.

Pilophorus is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Cladoniaceae. They are commonly known as matchstick lichens. The genus has a widespread distribution, especially in temperate regions, and contains 11 species.

Omphalina is a genus of small agarics with white, nonamyloid, basidiospores and decurrent gills. Typically the cap has a deep central depression giving the umbrella-like to funnel-shaped cap the appearance of a belly button, or a belly with a navel. Similarly-shaped agarics are said to be omphalinoid in appearance.

Melaspilea is a genus of fungi in the family Melaspileaceae. The genus includes both lichen-forming species that grow on tree bark and lichenicolous species that parasitise other lichens. Originally, Melaspilea encompassed a broad and diverse group of species, but a 2015 molecular study narrowed its circumscription, showing that many species historically placed in the genus actually belonged to unrelated lineages. In its current sense, Melaspilea belongs to the family Melaspileaceae and order Eremithallales within Dothideomycetes and is characterised by dark fruiting bodies with single-septum

Urocystis occulta is a smut fungus which attacks the leaves and stalks of rye (Secale cereale). It is found in Australia, Europe, and North America. The fungus was first described by German botanist Karl Friedrich Wilhelm Wallroth under the name Erysiphe occulta in 1833, before being renamed as Urocystis occulta in 1857 by German botanist and mycologist Gottlob Ludwig Rabenhorst.

Caryospora is a genus of fungi in the family Zopfiaceae.

Lithographa is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Xylographaceae. These rock-dwelling lichens form tightly attached crusts that crack into small tile-like patches, typically appearing in shades of grey, brown, or nearly black. The genus includes six species found primarily in cold regions and high mountains, where they grow on hard rock surfaces in harsh environments. They reproduce through distinctive elongated or round fruiting bodies that appear as dark slits or discs embedded in the crusty surface.

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Gautieria otthii is a species of hypogeal fungus in the family Gomphaceae.

Emericella is a former genus of fungi. The genus name of Emericella is in honour of Emeric Streatfield Berkeley (1834 - 1898), a British Lieutenant/Major General who served in India. He was also a botanist. Species described in Emericella were identified as teleomorphs of the Nidulantes subgenus in Aspergillus and were eventually merged following the establishment of the "one fungus : one name" rule in 2011. It was considered to continue usage of the Emericella genus name by breaking up the genus Aspergillus along delineations of subgenera. As of 2020, former teleomorphic genera of

Clathrospora is a genus of fungi in the family Diademaceae. The widespread genus contained five species in 2008, the genus increased to 20 species by 2023.

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Pyxine cocoes, the buttoned rosette lichen, is a widely distributed species of foliose lichen in the family Caliciaceae.

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Monerolechia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Caliciaceae. These lichens form crusty patches that break into small blocks or flakes, typically coloured chocolate to grey-brown, and produce black fruiting bodies for reproduction. Most species in this genus start life as parasites on other lichens before developing their own independent growth, which helps distinguish them from similar-looking lichen groups.

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Mesophellia is a genus of truffle-like fungi in the Mesophelliaceae family. The genus contains about 15 species that are found in Australia. Mesophellia was circumscribed by Miles Joseph Berkeley in 1857.

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Kuettlingeria is a genus of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichens in the family Teloschistaceae. Species are characterized by a white or gray thallus and the presence of anthraquinones in the apothecial disc and true exciple, with the exception of Kuettlingeria diphyodes, which entirely lacks anthraquinones. First described by Italian botanist Trevisan in 1857, the genus includes 15 recognized species, although it is believed to be more diverse with additional unnamed species. These lichens are predominantly found in the Northern Hemisphere, particularly in the Mediterranean region,

Ascobolus brassicae is a species of apothecial fungus belonging to the family Ascobolaceae. This is a European species appearing as tiny off-white (later turning purple) discs, with toothed edges, up to 1 mm across on animal dung, especially that of rodents. It is also found on rotting Brassica stems which gives rise to the specific name.

Arthrorhynchus is a genus of fungi in the family Laboulbeniaceae. The genus contain 3 species.