Fungi named in 1876

Phytophthora infestans is an oomycete or water mold, a fungus-like microorganism (oomycete) that causes the serious potato and tomato disease known as late blight or potato blight. Early blight, caused by Alternaria solani, is also often called "potato blight". Late blight was a major culprit in the 1840s European, the 1845–1852 Irish, and the 1846 Highland potato famines. The organism can also infect some other members of the Solanaceae. The pathogen is favored by moist, cool environments: sporulation is optimal at 12–18 °C (54–64 °F) in water-saturated or nearly saturated environments, and

Agaricus xanthodermus, commonly known as the yellow-staining agaricus, yellow-staining mushroom or yellow-stainer, is a species of fungus in the genus Agaricus. It displays a strong yellow colouration at the base of the stem when cut. It has a phenolic smell. It is poisonous for most people, causing gastric upset, but can be eaten by some without apparent negative effect.

Phytophthora (from Greek φυτόν (phytón), "plant" and φθορά (phthorá), "destruction"; "the plant-destroyer") is a genus of plant-damaging oomycetes (water molds), whose member species cause economic losses on crops worldwide, as well as environmental damage in natural ecosystems. The cell wall of Phytophthora is made up of cellulose. The genus was first described by Heinrich Anton de Bary in 1875. Approximately 210 species have been described, although 100–500 undiscovered Phytophthora species are estimated to exist.

Cortinarius semisanguineus is a medium-sized mushroom with a pale brown to ochre cap, and bright blood-red gills. It belongs to the genus Cortinarius, a group collectively known as webcaps. It is found growing in conifer plantations, and has recently been given the fanciful common name of surprise webcap. In the past it has been called the red-gilled webcap.

Cortinarius praestans, also known as the goliath webcap, is a basidiomycete mushroom of the genus Cortinarius. The mushroom has orangish-yellow caps that reach up to 20 cm (7.9 in) in diameter, and thick club-shaped stipes up to 15 cm (5.9 in) long. The edible mushroom is found in Europe.

Tubaria furfuracea, commonly known as the scurfy twiglet, totally tedious tubaria, or fringed tubaria, is a common species of agaric fungus in the family Tubariaceae.

Russula densifolia, commonly known as the crowded russula or the reddening russula, is a species of agaric fungus in the family Russulaceae. It was first described in 1833 and given its current name in 1876. The fruit bodies (mushrooms) are robust and squat, with caps up to 14.5 cm (5.7 in) in diameter, and stems that are 2–7.5 cm (0.8–3.0 in) long by 1.2–2.5 cm (0.5–1.0 in) thick. The mushrooms are characterized by the red and then black color changes that occur in the flesh when it is bruised, and a relatively thick cap cuticle. A widespread species, it is found in Eurasia and North

Hebeloma sinapizans, commonly known as the scaly-stalked heboloma, rough-stalked hebeloma or the bitter poisonpie, is a species of mushroom in the family Hymenogastraceae. It has a strong radish-like smell and a prominent bulbous stem base. H. sinapizans is found in Europe and North America and is poisonous.

Mycena leptocephala, commonly known as the nitrous bonnet, is a species of fungus in the family Mycenaceae. The mushrooms have conical grayish caps that reach up to 3 cm (1.2 in) in diameter, and thin fragile stems up to 5 cm (2.0 in) long. The gills are gray and distantly spaced. The spores are elliptical, typically measure 7–10 by 4–6 μm, and are white in deposit. When viewed under a light microscope, the gills have abundant spindle-shaped cystidia on the gill edges, but few on the gill faces. Similar species include Mycena alcalina, M. austera, and M. brevipes. The mushroom is found in

Tubaria is a genus of fungi in the family Tubariaceae. The genus is widely distributed, especially in temperate regions. Tubaria was originally named as a subgenus of Agaricus by Worthington George Smith in 1870. Claude Casimir Gillet promoted it to generic status in 1876. The mushrooms produced by species in this genus are small- to medium-sized with caps ranging in color from pale pinkish-brown to reddish-brown, and often with remnants of the partial veil adhering to the margin. Mushrooms fruit on rotting wood, or, less frequently, in the soil. There are no species in the genus that are

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Puccinia purpurea is a fungal species and plant pathogen that causes rust on sorghum. It is found in temperate places worldwide, excluding colder parts such as Russia and Canada. The pathogen was discovered in 1876 by Cooke, on the leaves of Sorghum vulgare in Maharashtra, India. P. purpurea is also native to eastern Australia, except Queensland. Where, it is considered a pest.

Pluteus plautus, commonly known as the flatfoot deer mushroom or satin shield, is a species of mushroom in the family Pluteaceae. It is found in the UK and the Pacific Northwest, though it is uncommon in the Pacific Northwest.

Cercospora beticola is a fungal plant pathogen which typically infects plants of the genus Beta, within the family of Chenopodiaceae. It is the cause of Cercospora leaf spot disease in sugar beets, spinach and swiss chard. Of these hosts, Cercospora leaf spot is the most economically impactful in sugar beets (Beta vulgaris). Cercospora beticola is a deuteromycete fungus that reproduces using conidia. There is no teleomorph stage. C. beticola is a hemibiotrophic fungus that uses phytotoxins specifically Cercospora beticola toxin (CBT) to kill infected plants. CBT causes the leaf spot symptom

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Cryptothecia is a genus of white to greenish crustose lichens that grow on bark, wood, or leaves, in tropical or subtropical areas worldwide. It has a conspicuous prothallus that develops around its periphery which can be bright red in some species, hence the common name wreath lichen. The main vegetative body (thallus) lacks a cortex (ecorticate and is often immersed in the substrate or byssoid (whispy, like teased wool). The medulla is white, well defined, and often peppered with calcium oxalate crystals. Ascomata are not well defined, being cushions of soft white mycelium immersed in the

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Ascodesmis is a genus of fungi in the family Ascodesmidaceae. It was described by French botanist Philippe Édouard Léon Van Tieghem in 1876. Species in the genus are coprophilous, and are characterized by the absence of an excipulum (tissues containing the hymenium of a fruit body).

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Physalospora is a genus of fungi in the family Hyponectriaceae. The genus is estimated to contain about 36 species that grow on dead leaves. Often confused with Botryosphaeria, Physalospora is probably polyphyletic.

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Actiniceps is a genus of fungi in the Pterulaceae family. It has a widespread distribution in tropical regions.

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Ramularia ulmariae is a fungal species described by Cooke in 1876. Ramularia ulmariae belongs to the genus Ramularia and the family Mycosphaerellaceae. No subspecies are listed in the Catalogue of Life. This fungus is a pathogen of meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria) that causes purple spots on the plant's leaves and is most evident in summer. It produces translucent, cylindrical conidia with up to two septa. Ramularia ulmariae has been reported from Europe and also the western coast of North America. However its presence is probably under-recorded.

Pyxine petricola is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Caliciaceae. The distribution of the lichen includes Australia, East Africa, North and Central America, and the Philippines.

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