Fungi named in 2009

Candida auris (Candidozyma auris) is a species of fungus that grows as a yeast. It is one of the few species of the genus Candida (Candidozyma) which cause candidiasis in humans. Often, candidiasis is acquired in hospitals by patients with weakened immune systems. A colonizer of the skin in people most commonly in long term care medical facilities and other healthcare settings, C. auris may also persist on inanimate surfaces and medical devices for long periods of time. The environmental reservoirs of C. auris are not completely known. C. auris can cause invasive candidiasis (fungemia) in

Caloplaca obamae is a species of crustose lichen in the fungus genus Caloplaca. It is the first species to be named in honor of United States President Barack Obama. C. obamae was discovered in 2007 by Kerry Knudsen on Santa Rosa Island in California and published in March 2009. Knudsen stated that he chose to honor Obama for "his support of science and scientific education" and wrote the manuscript for publication of the species in the time between Obama's election and his inauguration.

Exidia nigricans is a species of fungus in the family Auriculariaceae. In the UK, it has the recommended English name of warlock's butter. It produces black, gelatinous basidiocarps (fruit bodies) and is a common, wood-rotting species throughout the Northern Hemisphere, typically growing on dead attached branches of broadleaf trees. It has been much confused with Exidia glandulosa.

Cyberlindnera jadinii, commonly known as torula in the food industry, is a species of yeast. It is used as a savory, protein-rich food ingredient as well as a food bait for insects. It is also commonly known as the anamorphic name Candida utilis, which has been discarded under the "one fungus, one name" change.

Hydropunctaria maura, still often called by the older name Verrucaria maura and commonly known as tar lichen, is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen belonging to the family Verrucariaceae. A perennial species that does not experience seasonal variations, it is the type species of the genus Hydropunctaria. The medulla is a black basal layer that forms columns (Latin: punctae) to the upper surface and isolates the algae into pockets near the upper surface. The black band formed by H. maura can often be seen at a distance as a marker of the high water point.

The Didymellaceae are a family of fungi in the order Pleosporales. They have a world-wide distribution. Recent phylogenetic examination of some of the larger genera of the Pleosporales, particularly Phoma, has led to considerable reorganisation of the order, many of the species being placed in this family. It was originally described including the genera Atradidymella, Boeremia, Chaetopyrena, Didymella, Endophoma, Leptosphaerulina, Macroventuria, Peyronellaea, Phoma, Platychora and Stagonosporopsis. Atradidymella is now placed within Pleosporales order, and Endophoma (is unplaced).

Mytilinidiales is an order of fungi within the class Dothideomycetes.

Visit the page for more details.

The Tetraplosphaeriaceae are a family of fungi in the order Pleosporales.

Spongiforma is a genus of sponge-like fungi in the family Boletaceae. Newly described in 2009, the genus contains two species: S. thailandica and S. squarepantsii. The type species S. thailandica is known only from Khao Yai National Park in central Thailand, where it grows in soil in old-growth forests dominated by dipterocarp trees. The rubbery fruit bodies, which has a strong odour of coal-tar similar to Tricholoma sulphureum, consists of numerous internal cavities lined with spore-producing tissue. S. squarepantsii, described as new to science in 2011, is found in Malaysia. It produces

Geoglossaceae is a family of fungi in the order Geoglossales, class Geoglossomycetes. These fungi are broadly known as earth tongues. The ascocarps of most species in the family Geoglossaceae are terrestrial and are generally small, dark in color, and club-shaped with a height of 2–8 cm. The ascospores are typically light-brown to dark-brown and are often multiseptate. Other species of fungi have been known to parasitize ascocarps. The use of a compound microscope is needed for accurate identification.

Amniculicolaceae is a family of fungi belonging to the order Pleosporales. First described in 2009 by Y. Zhang ter, C.L. Schoch, J. Fournier, Crous & K.D. Hyde, the type genus is Amniculicola. Genera: Amniculicola Ying Zhang & K.D.Hyde Anguillospora Ingold, 1942 Murispora Y.Zhang bis, J.Fourn. & K.D.Hyde Neomassariosphaeria Zhang, Fourn. & Hyde, 2009 Pseudomassariosphaeria Phukhamsakda et al.

Aigialaceae is a family of marine fungi belonging to the order Pleosporales. Suetrong and colleagues introduced this family in 2009.

The Gloniaceae are a family of fungi in the order Mytilinidiales.

Visit the page for more details.

Visit the page for more details.

Metarhizium acridum is the new name given to a group of fungal isolates that are known to be virulent and specific to the Acrididea (grasshoppers). Previously, this species has had variety status in Metarhizium anisopliae (var. acridum); before that, reference had been made to M. flavoviride or Metarhizium sp. describing an "apparently homologous and distinctive group" of isolates that were most virulent against Schistocerca gregaria (desert locust) in early screening bioassays.

Melanohalea lobulata is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in the Tibetan Plateau, it was formally described as a new species in 2009 by Fan-Ge Meng and Hai-Ying Wang. The type was collected in Kazilashan, Litang County (Sichuan), at an elevation of 4,710 m (15,450 ft). Here it was found growing on twigs. Its thallus measures 2–13 cm (0.8–5.1 in) in diameter, and has a dark brown upper surface. The elongated-ellipsoid lobules that are developed from papillae (little bumps) distinguish M. lobulata from all the other Melanohalea species.

Visit the page for more details.

Deconica horizontalis is a species of agaric fungus in the family Strophariaceae.

Candelariella boleana is a species of lichen in the family Candelariaceae, first described from Europe in 2009. It is distinguished from all other members of its genus by its distinctly spherical ascospores, which are contained in unusually large numbers (16–32) within each spore-bearing structure. The species forms small yellowish granules on the bark of deciduous and coniferous trees in montane forests across southern and central Europe, including Spain, Greece, Slovakia, Germany, and France. C. boleana has likely been overlooked for many years due to its small size and resemblance to the

Bacidina contecta is a species of lichen in the family Ramalinaceae, first found in inland rainforests of British Columbia. This small lichen forms olive-green crusts on the stems of shrubs like blueberry and forms tiny, pale fruiting bodies that are easily overlooked. It was discovered in 2009 and is known from scattered locations in southeastern British Columbia, Idaho, and Montana, where it grows in humid old-growth forests.

Waynea giraltiae is a corticolous (bark-dwelling) species of lichen in the family Ramalinaceae. It was first described in 2010 from specimens collected on oak trees in southern Portugal, and was named in honour of Spanish lichen researcher Mireia Giralt. The lichen forms small, scale-like patches on tree bark and is distinguished by its fine covering of tiny hairs and orange-red reaction to certain chemical spot tests. Though initially known only from the southwestern Iberian Peninsula, it has since been found scattered across Europe, including Italy, Slovakia, and Russia, typically growing

Trypetheliopsis gigas is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) crustose lichen in the family Monoblastiaceae. It forms a thin, grey-green crust with conspicuous black fruiting bodies on the bark of trees in tropical forests. The species is known from Java in Indonesia, Papua New Guinea and Sri Lanka. It was originally described in 1928 as Mycoporellum gigas and was later transferred to Musaespora before being placed in Trypetheliopsis following a 2009 re-evaluation of the group.

Syncesia madagascariensis is a rare species of crustose lichen in the family Roccellaceae. It is found in Madagascar. This lichen forms large, continuous patches up to 15 cm across on tree bark, with a creamy surface that becomes increasingly cracked with age and distinctive flattened, disc-shaped fruiting bodies that show radiating ridge patterns. It is known only from montane forests near Ambositra at 1705 metres elevation, where it grows on tree trunks in forests dominated by myrtle family trees.

Syncesia afromontana is a rare species of lichen-forming fungus in the family Roccellaceae. It is found in Rwanda. The lichen has a byssoid (wispy, like teased wool), water-repellent thallus that is greyish to greyish-green and up to 10 cm (4 in) in diameter. It contains protocetraric acid as a major metabolite, and trace amounts of roccellic acid. It is distinguished from other members of its genus by producing ascospores with seven internal divisions rather than the typical three, making it unique within the group.

Visit the page for more details.

Scoliciosporum abietinum is a little-known species of crustose lichen in the family Scoliciosporaceae. This tiny lichen forms minute white to grey-white crusty patches only 0.3–0.6 mm across that grow directly on the living needles and leaves of conifer trees such as grand fir and western redcedar. It is found in the humid inland rainforests of southern British Columbia and northwestern Montana, where only four collections have been made, making it both rare and easily overlooked due to its extremely small size.

Pyxine profallax is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Caliciaceae. It is found in Australia, Papua New Guinea, and Thailand.

Puttea is a genus of lichen-forming fungi with uncertain familial placement in the order Lecanorales. The genus comprises four species. Finnish lichenologists Soili Stenroos and Seppo Huhtinen established the genus Puttea in 2009 for the lichen species formerly known as Lecidea margaritella, which has undergone various reclassifications. Molecular phylogenetics analyses have shown that Puttea margaritella does not align closely with genera like Fellhanera or Micarea, but its precise familial placement remains uncertain. Puttea is characterized by an indistinct, lichenized thallus composed of