Carl Epling

Salvia divinorum (Latin: sage of the diviners; also called ska maría pastora, seer's sage, yerba de la pastora, magic mint or simply salvia) is a species of plant in the sage genus Salvia, known for its transient psychoactive properties when its leaves, or extracts made from the leaves, are administered by smoking, chewing, or drinking (as a tea). The leaves contain the potent compound salvinorin A and can induce a dissociative state and hallucinations. Mazatec shamans have a long and continuous tradition of religious use of S. divinorum to facilitate visionary states of consciousness during

Agastache mexicana is a species of flowering plant in the mint family known by the common name Mexican giant hyssop. It is native to southern North America and can grow up to 100 cm tall. The leaves are lanceolate or oval-lanceolate. The plant is perennial and self-fertile. Its young lemon scented leaves are used in herbal teas and the leaves are also often used in flavoring foods.

Salvia munzii is a semi-evergreen perennial species of sage known by the common name Munz's sage or San Miguel Mountain sage. It is native to northern Baja California, Mexico, and it can be found in a few locations just north of the border in San Diego County, California, where it is particularly rare. It is characterized by small leaves and clear blue flowers. It is a member of the coastal sage scrub and chaparral plant communities.

Salvia blepharophylla (eyelash-leaved sage) is a creeping perennial from the Mexican states of San Luis Potosí and Tamaulipas. The epithet, blepharophylla, is from the Greek for "with leaves fringed like eyelashes". It is a rapidly spreading stoloniferous plant with 2.5 cm (0.98 in) long signal-red flowers with an orange undertone. The flowers grow in loose whorls spaced about 2.5 cm (0.98 in) apart, on 30 cm (12 in) long inflorescences. In full bloom the plant reaches 45 cm (18 in) in height.

Salvia orthostachys is a perennial shrub endemic to Colombia, growing in dry country on roadsides, rocky banks, and stony bushland. The plant reaches up to 1.5 m (4.9 ft) high, with leaves that are hairy on both surfaces. The red flower is up to 2 cm (0.79 in) long, with a short upper lip.

Salvia urica is a herbaceous perennial native to the mountains of Guatemala, Honduras, Belize, and Chiapas, Mexico. It is reportedly most common in Guatemala, where it grows in a wide variety of habitats from 1,000 to 8,000 feet (300 to 2,440 m) elevation, in a mild and moist climate. The specific epithet, urica, means "caterpillar" or "cankerworm", possibly describing the tight whorls of flowers, calyces, and bracts before they open. Salvia urica grows up to 4 feet (1.2 m) in height and width, with the stems, leaves, and calyces all covered in long white hairs. Glands on the soft-textured

Salvia rubriflora is a perennial clump forming undershrub endemic to Colombia, growing on exposed grassy banks, near streams, and in dry bushland at elevations from 2,600 to 3,000 m (8,500 to 9,800 ft). It is an uncommon plant, most often found at the Cundinamarca-Boyaca border. It is described as one of the more distinctive Colombian salvias, growing 1 to 2 m (3.3 to 6.6 ft) tall with erect stems and triangular-hastate leaves that are 12 to 20 cm (4.7 to 7.9 in) long and 6 to 9 cm (2.4 to 3.5 in) wide. The red flower is 2.5 to 3 cm (0.98 to 1.18 in) long.

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Salvia personata is an annual herb that is native to valleys and foothills in the Andes of Bolivia and northern Argentina. It grows in disturbed bushy habitat at 600 to 2,600 m (2,000 to 8,500 ft) elevation.

Salvia peregrina is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae that is native to Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist mountains.

Salvia dombeyi, the giant Bolivian sage, is a tender perennial plant found at approximately 3000 m elevation in Peru, and is a popular subject for gardens. In cultivation, and with proper support, this vining sage can climb from 3–6 m. The heart-shaped dark green leaves have a long petiole with short hairs. The flowers are among the largest salvia flowers, typically at least 8 cm long—with a 4 cm currant-red calyx and a 9 cm scarlet corolla. This semi-evergreen plant has been given an H2 hardiness rating by the Royal Horticultural Society in the UK. It tolerates low temperatures, but not

Salvia cyanocephala is an uncommon perennial that is endemic to Colombia, typically found near streams in bushy areas at 2,300 to 2,800 m (7,500 to 9,200 ft) elevation. It grows up to 1 metre (3.3 ft) high, with ovate cordate leaves, and a blue flower from 3.5 to 4.5 cm (1.4 to 1.8 in) long with an unusual 'gaping calyx'.

Salvia atrocyanea is a herbaceous perennial plant that is native to Bolivia. It grows to 1.75 m (5.7 ft) tall, with bright blue flowers that are tightly packed on drooping inflorescences as long as 50 cm (20 in). It has large green calyces and blue-tinged bracts.

Salvia amissa, the Santa Catalina Mountain sage, Galiuro sage, or Aravaipa sage, is a herbaceous perennial plant that is endemic to Arizona, growing in the Galiuro Mountains and the Superstition Mountains. The type specimen is from the Santa Catalina Mountains, though plants have not been recorded there in recent years. S. amissa grows at 455 to 1,526 m (1,493 to 5,007 ft) elevation in gravel, sand, and silt in canyon bottoms shaded by ash, walnut, sycamore, and mesquite. Salvia amissa grows up to 1 m (3.3 ft) tall with simple, opposite, deltoid-ovate leaves. The pale lavender to purple

Rhododon, commonly referred to as sandmint, is a genus of flowering plant in the mint family (Lamiaceae) first described in 1939. It contains two known species, Rhododon ciliatus (Texas sandmint) and Rhododon angulatus (angled sandmint) Both species are endemic to the state of Texas in the United States.

Hoehnea is a genus of plants in the family Lamiaceae, first described with this name in 1939. It is native to South America, primarily southern Brazil and Paraguay. The genus name of Hoehnea is in honour of Frederico Carlos Hoehne (1882-1959), who was a Brazilian botanist. It was first described in 1939. Species Hoehnea epilobioides (Epling) Epling - Paraguay, southern Brazil Hoehnea minima (J.A.Schmidt) Epling - southern Brazil and possibly northern Argentina Hoehnea parvula (Epling) Epling - southern Brazil Hoehnea scutellarioides (Benth.) Epling - southern Brazil

Hesperozygis is a genus of shrubs or subshrubs in the family Lamiaceae. The species are all endemic to southern and southeastern Brazil.

Asterohyptis is a genus of plants in the Lamiaceae, or mint family, first described in 1932. It is native to Mexico and Central America. Species Asterohyptis mocinoana (Benth.) Epling - widespread from Veracruz to Costa Rica Asterohyptis nayarana B.L.Turner - Durango, Nayarit Asterohyptis seemannii (A.Gray) Epling - Chihuahua, Sonora, Sinaloa Asterohyptis stellulata (Benth.) Epling - from Sinaloa and Durango south to Honduras

Salvia venulosa is a perennial plant that is native to a very small region of the Western Cordillera in Colombia. It grows at 1,500 to 2,000 m (4,900 to 6,600 ft) elevation in deeply shaded wooded gullies. S. venulosa grows less than 1 metre (3.3 ft) tall, with narrow ovate leaves that are 6 to 9 cm (2.4 to 3.5 in) long and 3 centimetres (1.2 in) wide, and violet on the underside. The flower is an unusual wine-red color. A 2010 phylogenetic study of Salvia divinorum and 52 other Salvia species in the subgenus Calosphace suggest that S. venulosa is the closest known relative of S. divinorum.

Salvia unguella is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae that is native to Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.

Salvia trachyphylla is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae that is native to Ecuador. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and subtropical or tropical high-altitude shrubland.

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Salvia melaleuca is a perennial undershrub that is endemic to the north central region of the Eastern Cordillera in Colombia. It is a close relative of S. rubescens, with a villous and much larger corolla than that species. Salvia melaleuca grows approximately 0.5 to 2.5 m (1.6 to 8.2 ft) high, has a red corolla that is 3.5 to 4.5 cm (1.4 to 1.8 in) long, with the upper lip typically 9 mm (0.35 in) long but sometimes up to 15 mm (0.59 in).

Salvia lobbii is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae that is native to Ecuador. The plant is named after William Lobb (1809–1864), the English plant collector.

Salvia graciliramulosa is a shrub that is endemic to the Rio Chico valley of Bolivia, growing in red sandstone outcrops at 1,600 to 1,900 m (5,200 to 6,200 ft) elevation, often growing in colonies on bare slopes. S. graciliramulosa has many branches, reaching 30 to 80 centimetres (0.98 to 2.62 ft) high, with shortly petiolate leaves that are 1 to 2.7 cm (0.39 to 1.06 in) by .3 to .8 cm (0.12 to 0.31 in). The inflorescence of simple terminal spikes grows up to 10 cm (3.9 in) long, with two-flowered verticillasters and a red to reddish-purple corolla that is 1.8 to 2.5 cm (0.71 to 0.98 in)

Salvia cyanotropha is a rare and little known perennial Salvia that is endemic to the Ocaña region and the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta in Colombia. It is found in dryland gullies at 200 to 1,800 m (660 to 5,910 ft) elevation. S. cayanotropha grows up to 1.5 metres (4.9 ft) high, with shortly petiolate/ovate leaves that are 5 to 7 cm (2.0 to 2.8 in) long and 2 to 2.5 cm (0.79 to 0.98 in) wide. The inflorescence has terminal racemes that are 4 to 10 cm (1.6 to 3.9 in) long, with a blue corolla and a veined upper lip.

Salvia curticalyx is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae that is native to Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.

Salvia austromelissodora is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae that is native to Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.

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Rhabdocaulon is a genus of plants in the family Lamiaceae, first described as a genus in 1936. It is native to South America. Species Rhabdocaulon coccineum (Benth.) Epling - southern Brazil Rhabdocaulon denudatum (Benth.) Epling - Brazil Rhabdocaulon erythrostachys Epling - southern Brazil Rhabdocaulon gracile (Benth.) Epling - southern Brazil Rhabdocaulon lavanduloides (Benth.) Epling - southern Brazil Rhabdocaulon stenodontum (Briq.) Epling - southern Brazil, Paraguay, northeastern Argentina Rhabdocaulon strictum (Benth.) Epling - southern Brazil, Uruguay, northeastern Argentina