David F. Cutler

The Ecdeiocoleaceae are a family of flowering plants consisting of two genera and three species. The botanical name has rarely been recognized by taxonomists. The APG II system, in 2003 (unchanged from the APG system, 1998), does recognize such a family, and assigns it to the order Poales in the clade commelinids, in the monocots. Three species in two genera, Ecdeiocolea and Georgeantha, both endemic to Southwest Australia, have been described to date.

The Anarthriaceae was a family of three genera, Anarthria, Hopkinsia and Lyginia of flowering plants, now included in Restionaceae following APG IV (2016). The family is accepted in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group's classification system, APG III system, but is not considered a separate family in many other taxonomic systems. The three genera are herbaceous but differ greatly in characteristics. The APG II system, of 2003 (unchanged from the APG system, of 1998), did recognize this family, and assigned it to the order Poales in the clade commelinids, in the monocots. The family contains three

Empodisma is a genus of herbaceous rush-like plants in the family Restionaceae first described in 1974. It is native to Australia and New Zealand. species Empodisma gracillimum (F.Muell.) L.A.S.Johnson & D.F.Cutler - Western Australia Empodisma minus (Hook.f.) L.A.S.Johnson & D.F.Cutler - Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, South Australia, North Island of New Zealand Empodisma robustum Wagstaff & B.R.Clarkson - North Island of New Zealand

Empodisma minus, commonly known as (lesser) wire rush or spreading rope-rush, is a perennial evergreen belonging to the southern-hemisphere family of monocotyledonous plants Restionaceae. The Latin name Empodisma minus translates to “tangle-foot” “small”. E. minus is found from Queensland to South Australia, Tasmania and throughout New Zealand south of 38 ° latitude, or the central north island. Its current conservation status is “Least concern”. In 2012, the new species Empodisma robustum was described in New Zealand, with what was previously described as E. minus from the lowland raised

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Empodisma gracillimum is a species of sedge-like plant endemic to coastal areas of Southwest Australia. Described within an Australian and New Zealand genus of the rush- or bamboo-like Restionaceae family, it is the only species of Empodisma to be found in Western Australia. A perennial herb, growing to a height between 0.2 and 1.2 metres, found near winter wet ground and permanent waterways. The inflorescence is brown, appearing between July and December or January and February. The preferred soil type is grey to black sand and peat. The habit of the species is to cluster together, the