Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck

French naturalist (1744-1829).

Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier de Lamarck (1 August 1744 – 18 December 1829), often known simply as Lamarck (; French: [ʒɑ̃batist lamaʁk]), was a French naturalist, biologist, academic, and soldier. He was an early proponent of the idea that biological evolution occurred and proceeded in accordance with natural laws, though the mechanism he suggested has been refuted at large. Lamarck fought in the Seven Years' War against Prussia, and was awarded a commission for bravery on the battlefield. Posted to Monaco, Lamarck became interested in natural history and resolved to study

Abbreviations: Lam.

Occupations: zoologist, biologist, malacologist, meteorologist, botanical collector, encyclopédistes, naturalist, paleontologist, chemist, evolutionary biologist, scientific collector, university teacher, botanist, writer

Citizenships: France

Languages: French, English

Dates: 1744-08-01T00:00:00Z – 1829-12-18T00:00:00Z

Birth place: Bazentin

Direct attributions: 763 plants, 12 fungi

Authorship mentions: 1,317 plants, 28 fungi

Links:Wikipedia IPNI VIAF BHL

763 plants attributed, 554 plants contributed to1,317 plants:

Ipomoea batatas (Sweet-potato) (L.) Lam. 1793

annual, medicinal, and vegetable plant species in the convolvulaceae family

The sweet potato or sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) is a dicotyledonous plant in the morning glory family, Convolvulaceae. Its sizeable, starchy, sweet-tasting tuberous roots are used as a root vegetable, which is a staple food in parts of the world. Cultivars of the sweet potato have been bred to bear tubers with flesh and skin of various colors. Moreover, the young shoots and leaves are occasionally eaten as greens. The sweet potato and the potato are only distantly related, both being in the order Solanales. Although darker sweet potatoes are often known as yams in parts of North America,

Artocarpus heterophyllus (Jakfruit) Lam. 1789

medicinal and vegetable plant species in the moraceae family

The jackfruit, jakfruit or nangka (Artocarpus heterophyllus) is a species of tree in the fig, mulberry, and breadfruit family (Moraceae). The jackfruit is the largest tree fruit, reaching as much as 55 kg (120 pounds) in weight, 90 cm (35 inches) in length, and 50 cm (20 inches) in diameter. A mature jackfruit tree produces some 200 fruits per year, with older trees bearing up to 500 fruits in a year. The jackfruit is a multiple fruit composed of hundreds to thousands of individual flowers; the fleshy petals of the unripe fruit are eaten by humans, in addition to the ripened fruit. The

Moringa oleifera (Horseradishtree) Lam. 1785

medicinal and vegetable plant species in the moringaceae family

Moringa oleifera is a short-lived, fast-growing, drought-resistant tree of the family Moringaceae, native to northern India and used extensively in South and Southeast Asia. Common names include moringa, drumstick tree (from the long, slender, triangular seed-pods), horseradish tree (from the taste of the roots, which resembles horseradish), or malunggay (as known in maritime or archipelagic areas in Asia). It is widely cultivated for its young seed pods and leaves, used as vegetables and for traditional herbal medicine. It is also used for water purification.

Erythroxylum coca (Coke) Lam. 1786

medicinal plant species in the erythroxylaceae family

Erythroxylum coca is a species of flowering plant in the family Erythroxylaceae. It is one of the two species of cultivated coca.

Leucanthemum vulgare (Ox-eye Daisy) Lam. 1779

perennial plant species in the asteraceae family

Leucanthemum vulgare, commonly known as the ox-eye daisy, oxeye daisy, dog daisy, marguerite (French: Marguerite commune, "common marguerite") and other common names, is a widespread flowering plant native to Europe and the temperate regions of Asia, and an introduced plant to North America, Australia and New Zealand.

Melilotus officinalis (Ribbed Melilot) (L.) Lam. 1779

edible, annual, perennial, and medicinal plant species in the fabaceae family

Melilotus officinalis, known as sweet yellow clover, yellow melilot, ribbed melilot and common melilot, is a species of legume native to Eurasia and introduced in North America, Africa, and Australia.

Ziziphus mauritiana (Indian Jujube) Lam. 1789

edible and medicinal plant species in the rhamnaceae family

Ziziphus mauritiana, also known as Indian jujube, Indian plum, Chinee apple, ber (Hindi: बेर) and dunks, is a tropical, spiny, evergreen shrub or small tree in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae. It is often confused with the closely related Chinese jujube (Z. jujuba): Z. mauritiana is common is tropical and subtropical climates, while Z. jujuba prefers temperate climates. The plant grows vigorously up to 12 metres (39 ft) high, with a trunk 30 centimetres (12 in) or more in diameter. It has a spreading crown with stipular spines and drooping branches. The fruit is oval, obovate, oblong or

Lolium multiflorum (Italian Rye Grass) Lam. 1779

perennial plant species in the poaceae family

Lolium multiflorum (Italian rye-grass, annual ryegrass) is a ryegrass native to temperate Europe, though its precise native range is unknown. It is a herbaceous annual, biennial, or perennial grass, depending on the environmental conditions. Italian ryegrass is grown for silage, and as a cover crop. It is also grown as an ornamental grass. It readily naturalizes in temperate climates, and can become a noxious weed in arable areas and an invasive species in native habitats. Resistance to multiple herbicides, including those from the ESPS and ACcase groups, has been identified in wild

Azolla (Mosquito Fern) Lam. 1783

plant genus in the salviniaceae family

Azolla (commonly called mosquito fern, water fern, and fairy moss) is a genus of seven species of aquatic ferns in the family Salviniaceae. They are extremely reduced in form and specialized, having a significantly different appearance to other ferns and more resembling some mosses or even duckweeds. Azolla filiculoides is one of two fern species for which a reference genome has been published. It is believed that this genus grew so prolifically during the Eocene (and thus absorbed such a large amount of carbon) that it triggered a global cooling event that has lasted to the present. Azolla

Physalis philadelphica (Large-flowered Tomatillo) Lam. 1786

toxic and annual plant species in the solanaceae family

The tomatillo (Physalis philadelphica and Physalis ixocarpa), also known as the Mexican husk tomato, is a plant of the nightshade family bearing small, spherical, and green or green-purple fruit. Tomatillos originated in Mexico and were cultivated in the pre-Columbian era. A staple of Mexican cuisine, they are eaten both raw and cooked in a variety of dishes, notably salsa verde. The tomatillo is a perennial plant, but is generally grown for agriculture each year as if it were an annual.

Solanum quitoense (Naranjilla) Lam. 1794

plant species in the solanaceae family

Solanum quitoense, known as naranjilla (Spanish pronunciation: [naɾaŋˈxiʝa], "little orange") in Ecuador, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Panama and as lulo ([ˈlulo], from Quechua) in Colombia, is a tropical perennial plant from northwestern South America. The specific name for this species of nightshade means "from Quito." The lulo plant stands 2.5 m (8 ft 2 in) high, and has large elongated heart- or oval-shaped leaves up to 60 cm (24 in) in length covered in short purple hairs. Naranjilla plants must be protected from strong winds and direct sunlight, growing best in partial shade. The fruit

Orchis simia (Monkey Orchid) Lam. 1779

plant species in the orchidaceae family

Orchis simia, commonly known as the monkey orchid, is a greyish pink to reddish species of the genus Orchis. It gets its common name from its lobed lip which mimics the general shape of a monkey's body. The range of the species is central and southern Europe, including southern England, the Mediterranean, Russia, Asia Minor, Caucasus, northern Iraq, Iran to Turkmenistan and northern Africa where it occurs in grassland, garrigue, scrub and open woodland, chiefly on limestone soils. It is absent from the Balearic Islands, Corsica and Sardinia. On Cyprus the species can be categorized as

Plumbago auriculata (Cape Lead Wort) Lam. 1786

plant species in the plumbaginaceae family

Plumbago auriculata, the Cape leadwort, blue plumbago or Cape plumbago, is a species of flowering plant in the family Plumbaginaceae, native to South Africa and Mozambique. The specific epithet auriculata means "with ears", referring to the shape of the leaves., leaf venation - reticulate.

Quercus velutina (Black Oak) Lam. 1785

plant species in the fagaceae family

Quercus velutina (Latin 'velutina', "velvety") , the black oak, is a species of oak in the red oak group (Quercus sect. Lobatae), native and widespread in eastern and central North America. It is sometimes called the eastern black oak. Quercus velutina was previously known as yellow oak due to the yellow pigment in its inner bark.

Quercus faginea (Portuguese Oak) Lam. 1785

plant species in the fagaceae family

Quercus faginea, the Portuguese oak, is a species of oak native to the western Mediterranean region in the Iberian Peninsula. Similar trees in the Atlas Mountains of northwest Africa are usually included in this species, or sometimes treated as a distinct species, Quercus tlemcenensis. It occurs in mountains from sea level to 1,900 metres (6,200 feet) above sea level, and flourishes in a variety of soils and climates. Out of all the oak forests in the Iberian Peninsula, the southern populations of Portuguese oak were found to have the highest diversity and endemism of spider species.

Caragana arborescens (Siberian Pea-shrub) Lam. 1785

medicinal plant species in the fabaceae family

Caragana arborescens, the Siberian peashrub, Siberian pea-tree, or caragana, is a species of legume native to Siberia and parts of China (Heilongjiang, Xinjiang) and neighboring Mongolia and Kazakhstan. It was taken to the United States by Eurasian immigrants, who used it as a food source while travelling west. In some areas of the United States it is considered an invasive species. Introduced on the Canadian prairies in the 1880s, the hardy caragana provided shelter-belts, wildlife habitat, nitrogen fixation, and windbreaks to prevent soil erosion and snow drifting.

Aquilaria malaccensis (Agar Wood) Lam. 1783

critically endangered and medicinal plant species in the thymelaeaceae family

Aquilaria malaccensis (Hindi: अगर, agaru; Assamese: সাঁচিগছ, sānci; Arabic: عود هندي, transl. Indian oud) or agar is a species of lign-aloe tree in the family Thymelaeaceae. It is found in Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, also Thailand. It is threatened by habitat loss. The World List of Threatened Trees (Oldfield et al., 1998) listed Iran as one of the countries with a population of A. malaccensis. The exploratory 2002 CITES review confirmed that Iran has no record of the species. As a result, Iran is no longer considered as habitat

Alangium Lam. 1783

plant genus in the cornaceae family

Alangium is a small genus of flowering plants. The genus is included either in a broad view of the dogwood family Cornaceae, or as the sole member of its own family Alangiaceae. Alangium has about 40 species, but some of the species boundaries are not entirely clear. The type species for Alangium is Alangium decapetalum, which is now treated as a subspecies of Alangium salviifolium. All of the species are shrubs or small trees, except the liana Alangium kwangsiense. A. chinense, A. platanifolium, and A. salviifolium are known in cultivation.

Ranunculus fluitans (River Water Crowfoot) Lam. 1779

plant species in the ranunculaceae family

Ranunculus fluitans (the river water-crowfoot,) is a species of buttercup. It is a perennial water plant, which when in favourable conditions (such as fast flowing water,) can grow up to 6 m (20 ft) height.

Iris pallida (Sweet Iris) Lam. 1789

plant species in the iridaceae family

Iris pallida, the Dalmatian iris or sweet iris, is a hardy flowering perennial plant of the genus Iris, family Iridaceae. It is native to the Dalmatian coast (Croatia) but widely naturalised elsewhere. It is a member of the subgenus Iris, meaning that it is a bearded iris, and grows from a rhizome. It adapts well to different environments and is used in many different ways.

Eugenia brasiliensis (Grumichama) Lam. 1789

plant species in the myrtaceae family

Eugenia brasiliensis, with common names Brazil cherry and grumichama, is a medium-sized tree (maximum 20 meters height) endemic (native) to southern Brazil which bears small fruits that are purple to black in color, and have a sweet cherry to plum-like flavor. It's a small size tree which makes it perfect to use in urban landscaping. Its slow growth and low rate of dispersal make it rare, and it is generally considered as an endangered species. The inner flesh of the fruit is white yellowish in appearance, it's mostly used for fresh eating but can also be used in making jams, jellies and

Campanula cochleariifolia (Fairies'-thimbles) Lam. 1785

perennial plant species in the campanulaceae family

Campanula cochleariifolia (also Campanula cochlearifolia), common name earleaf bellflower or fairy's-thimble, is a species of flowering plant in the family Campanulaceae, native to the Pyrenees, Alps, French Massif Central, and Carpathian Mountains of Central Europe. It is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial growing to 10 cm (4 in). Clumps of bright green leaves produce nodding pale blue bell flowers on wiry stalks. It is often found growing on limestone. This plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

Azorella Lam. 1783

plant genus in the apiaceae family

Azorella is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apiaceae, native to South America, New Zealand, southeastern Australia, and the islands of the Southern Ocean. They are low-growing dwarf mat-forming plants growing in high exposure on mountains and subantarctic coasts; with great age they may form rounded mounds of foliage up to 1 m high but are usually less than 10 cm high. Several species are grown as ornamental plants in rock gardens.

Azolla filiculoides (Water Fern) Lam. 1783

perennial plant species in the salviniaceae family

Azolla filiculoides (water fern) is a species of aquatic fern. It is native to warm temperate and tropical regions of the Americas, and has been introduced to Europe, North and sub-Saharan Africa, China, Japan, New Zealand, the Caribbean, and Hawaii. It is a floating aquatic fern with very fast growth, capable of spreading over the surfaces of lakes to give complete coverage of the water in only a few months. Each individual plant is 1–2 cm across, green tinged pink, orange, or red at the edges, branching freely, and breaking into smaller sections as it grows. It is not tolerant of cold

Cyperus eragrostis (Tall Flat Sedge) Lam. 1791

perennial plant species in the cyperaceae family

Cyperus eragrostis is a species of sedge known by several common names, including tall flatsedge, nutgrass, tall nutgrass, umbrella sedge, chufa, Earth almond, zula nuts, edible galingale and pale galingale. In New Zealand, it is also known by the Māori name Puketangata. This species is associated with disturbed wet environments.

Litsea Lam. 1792

plant genus in the lauraceae family

Litsea is a genus of evergreen or deciduous trees or shrubs belonging to the laurel family, Lauraceae. The genus includes a large number of accepted species in tropical and subtropical areas of Asia, Australasia, the western Pacific, and North and Central America.

Helleborus orientalis (Lenten Rose) Lam. 1789

perennial plant species in the ranunculaceae family

Helleborus orientalis, or the Lenten rose, is a perennial flowering plant and species of hellebore in the buttercup family, Ranunculaceae, native to Greece and Turkey.

Achillea filipendulina (Fern-leaf Yarrow) Lam. 1783

perennial plant species in the asteraceae family

Achillea filipendulina, the yarrow, fernleaf yarrow, milfoil, or nosebleed, is an Asian species of flowering plant in the sunflower family.

Ziziphus lotus (Lotustree) (L.) Lam. 1789

plant species in the rhamnaceae family

Ziziphus lotus is a small deciduous tree in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae, native to the Mediterranean region, including the Sahara in Morocco and also Somalia. It is one of several species called "jujube", and is closely related to Z. jujuba, the true jujube.

Dracaena reflexa (Song Of India) Lam. 1786

plant species in the asparagaceae family

Dracaena reflexa (commonly called song of India or song of Jamaica) is a tree native to Mozambique, Madagascar, Mauritius, and other nearby islands of the Indian Ocean. It is widely grown as an ornamental plant and houseplant, valued for its richly coloured, evergreen leaves, and thick, irregular stems.

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