João de Carvalho e Vasconcellos

Palhinhaea is a genus of lycophytes in the family Lycopodiaceae. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), it is placed in the subfamily Lycopodielloideae. Some sources do not recognize the genus, sinking it into Lycopodiella. Palhinhaea species are widespread in the tropics and subtropics.

Palhinhaea cernua, synonym Lycopodiella cernua and Lycopodium cernuum, is a plant in the family Lycopodiaceae, commonly known as the staghorn clubmoss. The Hawaiian name for the plant is wāwaeʻiole, or "rat's foot". It has a substantial number of scientific synonyms in several genera. The genus Palhinhaea is accepted in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), but not in other classifications which submerge the genus in Lycopodiella. It is the largest of the clubmosses, having rhizomes up to 5 m (16 ft) in length, with leafy uprights up to 2.5 m (8 ft 2 in) in height.

Chamaemelum fuscatum, commonly known as dusky dogfennel or dark chamomile, is an annual herb in the family Asteraceae, native to Europe and introduced to California. C. fuscatum typically grows from 5 to 20 cm tall, but some specimens have reached over 35 cm. Leaves are pinnately divided and between 1 and 4 centimetres long. They are rounded into ellipses, with those closer to the stem sized smaller and more ovate. Like other members of the Asteraceae family, the flowers are actually composite flowers. The outer ray flowers are the largest at 8 to 15 mm long, while the inner disk flowers

Betula celtiberica, the Iberian white birch, is a species of flowering plant in the family Betulaceae, native to Great Britain, northwestern Spain and Portugal. In Spain is it often found on north-facing valley slopes, forming mixed mesic forests with the common beech Fagus sylvatica.

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