John Forbes Royle

Impatiens glandulifera, Himalayan balsam, is a large annual plant native to the Himalayas. Via human introduction it is now present across much of the Northern Hemisphere and is considered an invasive species in many areas. Uprooting or cutting the plants is an effective means of control. In Europe, Himalayan balsam has been included since 2017 in the list of Invasive Alien Species of Union concern (the Union list). This implies that the species cannot be imported, cultivated, transported, commercialized, planted, or intentionally released into the environment in the whole of the European

Abies pindrow, the pindrow fir, West Himalayan fir, or silver fir, is a fir native to the western Himalaya and adjacent mountains, from northeast Afghanistan east through northern Pakistan and India to central Nepal.

Prinsepia is a genus of trees in the Rosaceae. It bears fruit which looks like a cherry. The various species grow largely in Nepal, India, China, Bangladesh, and Taiwan, though P. sinensis is hardy in zone 4, to about −32 °C (−26 °F). The plant is named for James Prinsep, scholar, antiquarian, architect, secretary of the Asiatic Society in Calcutta, India, and member of the well-known Prinsep family of India, an Anglo-Indian family prominent in Indian affairs for several generations.

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Enhalus is a monotypic genus of marine flowering plants. The sole species is Enhalus acoroides. Enhalus is a large seagrass native to coastal waters of the tropical Indian and Western Pacific Oceans. It is the only species of seagrass that does aerial surface pollination in which the pollen and the styles remain dry. Enhalus is surface pollinated with male flowers that detach from the plant to float on the surface until they reach a female flower where pollination can occur. Enhalus acoroides is considered a slow-growing, "climax" species.

Murdannia is a genus of annual or perennial monocotyledonous flowering plants in the family Commelinaceae. The genus is one of the largest in the family. They are most easily distinguished from other genera in the family by their three-lobed or spear-shaped antherodes (i.e. non-functional anthers). Also it is the only genus with staminodes (i.e. non-functional stamens) opposite the petals. Murdannia are found in tropical regions across the globe with extensions into warm temperate areas. Typically, Murdannia species are found in open areas in mesic soils. However, some are semi-aquatic, and a

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Primula rosea, the rosy primrose, is a flowering plant species in the genus Primula, native to the Himalayas. Growing to 50 cm (20 in) tall, it is a hardy herbaceous perennial with red-tinged leaves and clumps of rich pink flowers in spring. In cultivation it prefers damp places such as the edge of a pond or stream, in moisture-retentive neutral or acid soil and full or partial sunlight. It has won the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. Rosinidin is an anthocyanidin found in P. rosea.

Populus ciliata, the Himalayan poplar, is a large deciduous tree with tall clean straight trunk and wide rounded crown. The bark of the young trees is smooth and greenish-grey while the bark of the old trees is dark brown with vertical cracks. Leaves are broadly ovate with hairy serrulate-crenate margins. Flowers are drooping raceme catkins that appear before or with leaves. Populus ciliata flowers are dioecious. Male flowers have a bell-shaped perianth and female flowers are bluntly toothed. A single capsule encloses an average of 100–150 seeds, which are covered by long silky hair.

Syringa emodi is a species in the genus Syringa, in the family Oleaceae. It is also known as Himalayan lilac.

Rosa webbiana, occasionally called Webb's rose, wild rose, or thorny rose, is a widely distributed species of flowering plant in the family Rosaceae. It is native to Central Asia, Tibet and Xinjiang in China, Afghanistan, Pakistan, the western Himalayas, and Nepal. It grows in scrub, grassy places, valleys, and slopes. A diploid, its chromosome count is 2n = 2x = 14.

Paeonia emodi is a robust herbaceous perennial plant that winters with buds underground (a hemicryptophyte), has large white flowers and large, deeply incised leaves. It belongs to the family Paeoniaceae. Its local vernacular names include mamekhor or mamekh (Punjabi), ood-e-saleeb (Urdu) meaning "with-a-cross", ood salap (Hindi), mid (in Kashmir) and 多花芍药 (duo hua shao yao) meaning "multi-flower peony" (in Chinese). In English it is sometimes called Himalayan peony. It is among the tallest of the herbaceous peony species, and, while cold-hardy, it grows better in warm, temperate climates. It

Picrorhiza is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Plantaginaceae. Its native range is Pakistan to Western Himalaya. Species: Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex Benth. Picrorhiza tungnathii Pusalkar

Delphinium brunonianum, common name musk larkspur, is a species of larkspur belonging to the family Ranunculaceae.

Circaea cordata is a species of flowering plant in the family Onagraceae.

Roscoea alpina is a perennial herbaceous plant native to the Himalayas. Most members of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae), to which it belongs, are tropical, but R. alpina, like other species of Roscoea, grows in much colder mountainous regions. It is sometimes grown as an ornamental plant in gardens.

Rheum webbianum is a species of herbaceous perennial rhubarb-relative in the family Polygonaceae from the southwestern Himalayan region, known in (Indian) English as Indian rhubarb, Gilgiti rhubarb or small Himalayan rhubarb.

Prinsepia utilis, the Himalayan wild cherry or Himalayan cherry prinsepia, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rosaceae. It is native to the Himalayan region, from northeast Pakistan to south-central China. In the wild it is typically found at on valley slopes, wastelands, and on trailsides at elevations from 1,000 to 2,600 m (3,300 to 8,500 ft). A spiny shrub from 1 to 5 m (3 to 16 ft) in height, it bears edible fruit which are particularly liked by children, and whose seeds are used to produce a cooking oil. It is also planted as a hedge.

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Sinopodophyllum is a herbaceous perennial plant in the family Berberidaceae, described as a genus in 1979. It includes only one known species, Sinopodophyllum hexandrum, native to Afghanistan, Bhutan, northern India, Kashmir, Nepal, Pakistan, and western China (Gansu, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan). Common names include Himalayan may apple and Indian may apple.

Meconopsis aculeata is a blue-flowered thorny species of the genus Meconopsis with a small geographical distribution restricted to specific areas of Pakistan and India, in the west Himalayas. The species was described from specimens collected here, by Royle in 1833. It is also known as Bhoti 'Tsersnon' in Ladakh. Along with Juniperus polycarpos (also known as Bhoti 'Shukpa'), it is used in the Sowa-Rigpa (also known as Amchi system) traditional medicine system. Both have been proposed as the state flower and state tree respectively by the Ladakh administration. The species is highly valued as

Gentiana kurroo, also known as Indian gentian or Himalayan gentian, was named after the Illyrian monarch Gentius, who discovered the medicinal properties of the gentian root. Its scientific name, Gentiana kurroo, comes from the native term "karu", meaning "bitter". This perennial herb is critically endangered.

Cardiopteris is a genus of vines in the family Cardiopteridaceae described as a genus in 1834. Cardiopteris is native to Southeast Asia, the Himalayas, and New Guinea. Species Cardiopteris moluccana Blume - Philippines, Maluku, Sulawesi, New Guinea, Bismarck Archipelago Cardiopteris quinqueloba (Hassk.) Hassk. - Yunnan, Assam, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Indochina, Malaysia, Indonesia

Berberis lycium, called the Indian lycium, Indian barberry, or boxthorn barberry, is a species of flowering plant in the family Berberidaceae. It is native to mountain slopes of the northwestern part of the Indian Subcontinent. A widespread species, its fruit, called kasmal, is edible and is eaten fresh, cooked, and preserved.

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Gaultheria trichophylla, commonly known as Himalayan snowberry, is a species of plant in the heath and heather family, native to the Himalayas. The flowers range in color from red, to pink, to white; fruits are blue-colored berries; and leaves are approximately 3 mm (0.12 in) in length. In volume one of his book Illustrations of the Botany and Other Branches of the Natural History of the Himalayan Mountains, and of the Flora of Cashmere, J. Forbes Royle wrote this about the natural habitat of G. trichophylla: "This plant is an inhabitant of cold and lofty situations, as Jumnotri, the top of

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