Marcin Piwczyński

Silphiodaucus prutenicus is a species of flowering plant belonging to the family Apiaceae. Its native range is Central, Eastern and Southern Europe. Synonym: Laserpitium prutenicum L.

Ferula ammoniacum (syn. Dorema ammoniacum), also known as oshac or ussaq, is a species of flowering plant in the family Apiaceae, native to Iran, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, and Pakistan. It is the source of Persian gum ammoniac.

Silphiodaucus is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Apiaceae. Its native range is Europe to Caucasus. Species: Silphiodaucus hispidus (M.Bieb.) Spalik, Wojew., Banasiak, Piwczynski & Reduron Silphiodaucus prutenicus (L.) Spalik, Wojew., Banasiak, Piwczynski & Reduron

Ferula aucheri, synonym Dorema aucheri, is a plant that grows in Iran. In Persian it is called بیلهر (Bilhar). It is the first umbelliferous plant found to produce exudate flavonoids. It grows in the mountains of western of Iran (Sedeh and Kermanshah). In Persian it is called كندل كوهي (kandale kohi) and in Kermanshah it is known as زو (zo). Harvested traditionally for cooking, the young leaves and branches of Ferula aucheri are typically used to make a famous pickle known as "Bilhar pickle" or used as vegetables in soup. It can also be cooked by steaming and served with butter as a meal.

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