Peter H. Raven

Ludwigia octovalvis is a species of flowering plant in the Onagraceae family known by the common name Mexican primrose-willow. Its native distribution is unclear, but can be found in Central America, Australia, South-East Asia, Tamilnadu (IND), the Middle East, the Central-West African regions and spreads easily to become naturalized. It is also cultivated as an aquatic plant. The plant is known for its anti-aging properties. The species is sometimes regarded as an invasive species and is classified by IUCN as of "least concern" with stable populations. An adult plant is one meter tall on

Ludwigia peploides is a species of flowering plant in the evening primrose family known by the common names floating primrose-willow and creeping water primrose. It is native to Australia, North America, and South America, but it can be found on many continents and spreads easily to become naturalized. It is well known as a troublesome aquatic noxious weed that invades water ecosystems and can clog waterways. This is perennial herb which grows in moist to wet to flooded areas. The stem can creep over 2 meters long, sometimes branching. It spreads to form mats on the mud, or floats ascending

Fuchsia jimenezii is a plant of the genus Fuchsia native to Central America. It belongs to the section Jimenezia and is most closely related to the lineage (section Schufia) that gave rise to Fuchsia arborescens and Fuchsia paniculata.

Epilobium canum, also known as California fuchsia or Zauschneria, is a species of willowherb in the evening primrose family (Onagraceae). It is native to dry slopes and in chaparral of western North America, especially California. It is a perennial plant, notable for the profusion of bright scarlet flowers in late summer and autumn. The name reflects that in the past it used to be treated in a distinct genus Zauschneria, but modern studies have shown that it is best placed within the genus Epilobium. Other common names include California-fuchsia (from the resemblance of the flowers to those

Epilobium brunnescens is a flowering plant in the willowherb family Onagraceae. It is a small, creeping, perennial plant with white or pale pink flowers. It is native to New Zealand and south-east Australia and has been introduced to Northern Europe. Its common names include New Zealand willowherb in Great Britain and Ireland, creeping willowherb in New Zealand and bog willowherb for the Australian subspecies.

Clarkia franciscana is a rare species of flowering plant in the evening primrose family known by the common name Presidio clarkia. It is endemic to the San Francisco Bay Area of California, where it is known only from two populations at the Presidio of San Francisco and three occurrences in Oakland. The plant is known only from serpentine soils.

Camissonia campestris (field primrose, Mojave sun cup, or Mojave suncup), is a flowering plant in the family Onagraceae, native to the Mojave Desert of the United States. It grows mostly on open, sandy flats, occurring from sea level to 2,000 m in the western and central part of the desert. It is an annual plant growing to 5–25 cm tall (rarely to 50 cm tall). The leaves are linear, 0.5–3 cm long, with a finely serrated margin. The flowers have four petals 5–15 mm long, yellow with a red spot at the base, fading orange to reddish.

Artemisia nesiotica is a rare California species of sagebrush in the daisy family, known by the common name island sagebrush. It is endemic to the Channel Islands of California, found on 3 of the 8 islands (San Nicolas, San Clemente, and Santa Barbara Islands).

Oenothera wolfii is a rare species of flowering plant in the evening primrose family known by the common name Wolf's evening primrose. It is native to the coastline of southern Oregon and northern California, where it grows in coastal prairie, dunes, and coastal forest and woodland habitat. As of 1997 it was known from only about 16 occurrences. The biggest threat to the plant is its easy hybridization with its relative and probable descendant, Oenothera glazioviana. As this rare wild plant crosses with the introduced garden escapee, introgression occurs, causing what is known as genetic

Munzothamnus is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae containing the single species Munzothamnus blairii, which is known by the common name Blair's wirelettuce, or Blair's munzothamnus. It is endemic to San Clemente Island, one of the Channel Islands of California. It grows along steep, rocky cliffsides and canyons on the island. It is a shrub producing a fleshy, woolly stem usually over a meter in height, often approaching two meters. Leaves occur in tufts at the ends of the stem branches. They are up to 15 centimeters long, oblong in shape, and sometimes very

Epilobium siskiyouense is a rare species of flowering plant in the evening primrose family known by the common names Siskiyou willowherb and Siskiyou fireweed (though it is not a true fireweed).

Camissonia strigulosa is a species of flowering plant in the evening primrose family known by the common name sandysoil suncup. The plant is native to California and Baja California, where it grows in sandy areas, such as beaches, mountain sandbars, and the Mojave Desert.

Camissonia pubens is a species of evening primrose known by the common name hairy suncup. It is native to the desert and steppe of western Nevada and eastern California. It is an annual herb covered in glandular hairs generally made up of one or more erect, slender stems up to a third of a meter tall. The leaves are up to about 4 centimeters long and are lance-shaped with wavy, toothed edges. The nodding inflorescence produces flowers with yellow petals each a few millimeters long and sometimes dotted with red near the bases. The fruit is a straight or coiling capsule up to 5 centimeters

Camissonia parvula is a species of evening primrose known by the common name Lewis River suncup. It is native to the Great Basin of the United States. It grows in sagebrush, woodland, and other Great Basin habitat. It is a slender annual herb producing a wiry erect stem 15 to 30 centimeters in maximum height. The leaves are linear in shape and 1 to 3 centimeters long. They are located along the stem as there is no basal rosette. The nodding inflorescence produces flowers with yellow petals only 2 or 3 millimeters long. The fruit is a capsule 2 to 3 centimeters long, swollen with seeds, and

Camissonia benitensis is a species of evening primrose known by the common names San Benito suncup and San Benito evening primrose. It is endemic to the Diablo Range of the South Coast Ranges of California, where its range includes far southern San Benito County, far western Fresno County, and far eastern Monterey County. The species is categorized as a strict serpentine endemic, meaning that it is almost always found growing on serpentine soils; however, at least 10 populations of the species are known to occur on greywacke substrates. Most of the habitat of the species is associated with

Polygonum marinense is a rare North American species of flowering plants in the buckwheat family known by the common name Marin knotweed. It is endemic to California, where it is known from just a few locations north and east of San Francisco Bay. The taxonomy of the plant is uncertain. It has been suggested that the species may be native to the Mediterranean, and that the California specimens may actually be introduced. If, however, it is a true Bay Area endemic, the plant is rare and threatened by habitat destruction and disturbance. It is a resident of salt marsh and other wet coastal

Oenothera clelandii, or the lesser four-point evening-primrose, is a species of flowering plant in the family Onagraceae. It is native to Ontario, Canada, and the east-central United States. A perennial or biennial reaching 40 in (1 m), it prefers to grow in sandy soils in prairies and fields.

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Epilobium densiflorum is a species of willowherb known by the common names denseflower willowherb, dense spike-primrose or dense boisduvalia. It is native to western North America from British Columbia to Baja California, where it is found in a variety of habitats. This is an erect annual often exceeding a meter in height with fuzzy green foliage. The pointed leaves are up to 8 centimeters long near the base of the plant, and the upper leaves are generally more hairy than the lower. The stem may branch or not. The top of the stem is occupied by a hairy, leafy, densely flowered inflorescence.

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Clarkia lewisii is an uncommon species of flowering plant in the evening primrose family known by the common name Lewis' clarkia. It is endemic to California, where it is known from the hills and mountains of Monterey and San Benito Counties.

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Camissonia pusilla is a species of evening primrose known by the common name little wiry suncup. It is native to the western United States from California to Idaho, where it grows in sagebrush and other habitat. It is a petite, hairy, glandular annual herb producing very slender erect stems up to about 22 centimeters in maximum height. The leaves linear with toothed edges and 1 to 3 centimeters long. The nodding inflorescence produces flowers with yellow petals 2 or 3 millimeters long and usually spotted with red near the bases. The fruit is a straight or coiling capsule up to 3 centimeters

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Epilobium torreyi is a species of flowering plant in the evening primrose family known by the common names Torrey's willowherb and brook spike-primrose. It is native to western North America from British Columbia to California, where it grows in many types of habitat, often in moist areas. It is a hairy annual herb producing a narrow, upright stem often exceeding half a meter tall lined with narrow lance-shaped leaves. The hairy, glandular inflorescence bears tiny white or pink flowers. They are usually cleistogamous, remaining closed and self-pollinating. The fruit is a capsule up to about a

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