Samuel Frederick Gray

Cupressaceae or the cypress family is a family of conifers. The family includes 27–30 genera (17 monotypic), which include the junipers and redwoods, with about 130–140 species in total. They are monoecious, subdioecious or (rarely) dioecious trees and shrubs up to 116 m (381 ft) tall. The bark of mature trees is commonly orange- to red-brown and of stringy texture, often flaking or peeling in vertical strips, but smooth, scaly or hard and square-cracked in some species. The family reached its peak of diversity during the Mesozoic era.

Betulaceae, the birch family, includes six genera of deciduous nut-bearing trees and shrubs, including the birches, alders, hazels, hornbeams, hazel-hornbeam, and hop-hornbeams, numbering a total of 167 species. They are mostly natives of the temperate Northern Hemisphere, with a few species reaching the Southern Hemisphere in the Andes in South America. Their typical flowers are catkins and often appear before leaves. In the past, the family was often divided into two families, Betulaceae (Alnus, Betula) and Corylaceae (the rest). Recent treatments, including the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group,

Rafflesia, or stinking corpse lily, is a genus of parasitic flowering plants in the family Rafflesiaceae. The species have enormous flowers, the buds rising from the ground or directly from the lower stems of their host plants; one species has the largest flower in the world. Plants of the World Online lists up to 41 species from this genus; all of them are found in Southeast Asia. Western Europeans first learned about plants of this genus from French surgeon and naturalist Louis Deschamps when he was in Java between 1791 and 1794; but his notes and illustrations were seized by the British in

Taxaceae, commonly called the yew family, is a coniferous family which includes six extant and two extinct genera, and about 30 species of plants, or in older interpretations three genera and 7 to 12 species.

Persicaria maculosa (syn. Polygonum persicaria) is an annual plant in the buckwheat family, Polygonaceae. Common names include lady's thumb, spotted lady's thumb, Jesusplant, and redshank. It is widespread across Eurasia from Iceland south to Portugal and east to Japan. It is also present as an introduced and invasive species in North America, where it was first noted in the Great Lakes region in 1843 and has now spread through most of the continent.

Vicia hirsuta (syn. Ervilia hirsuta) (hairy tare, hairy vetch, tiny vetch) is a species of flowering plant in the pea and bean family Fabaceae.

Consolida is a genus of about 40 species of annual flowering plants in the family Ranunculaceae, native to western Europe, the Mediterranean and Asia. Phylogenetic studies show that Consolida is actually an annual clade nested within the genus Delphinium and it has been treated as a synonym of Delphinium in Kew's Plants of the World Online. The name of the genus comes from an archaic use of consolidation, meaning "healing", in reference to the plant's medieval use for healing wounds. Consolida differs from other species of Delphinium (mostly perennials) in the flower structure, with only one

Woodsia alpina, commonly known as alpine woodsia, is a fern found in northern latitudes in North America and Eurasia. Also known as northern woodsia or alpine cliff fern, it is typically found in crevices, scree slopes and cliffs containing slate and calcareous rocks, especially limestone.

Mertensia maritima is a species of flowering plant in the borage family, and is known by the common names oyster leaf in North America, oyster plant in the British Isles, and sea bluebells. It is restricted to gravelly sea shores, usually within reach of the highest winter tides in the Northern Hemisphere, reaching north to the northern parts of Canada, Greenland and Svalbard. It is a perennial herb producing a stem approaching 50 centimeters in maximum length. The inflorescence forms a cluster of flowers which are first reddish, and later bright blue.

Ceratophyllaceae is a cosmopolitan family of flowering plants including one living genus commonly found in ponds, marshes, and quiet streams in tropical and in temperate regions. It is the only extant family in the order Ceratophyllales. Species are commonly called coontails or hornworts, although hornwort is also used for unrelated plants of the division Anthocerotophyta. Living Ceratophyllum grows completely submerged, usually, though not always, floating on the surface, and does not tolerate drought.

Bazzania trilobata, the greater whipwort or threelobed bazzania, is a species of liverwort in the Lepidoziaceae family. It grows in the Northern Hemisphere temperate zone.

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Bazzania is a genus of liverwort in the family Lepidoziaceae. The name Bazzania is in honour of Matteo Bazzani (1674–1749), an Italian botanist and professor of Anatomy from the University of Bologna.

Nardia is a genus of liverworts in the family Gymnomitriaceae. The genus has cosmopolitan distribution, but mostly in the Northern Hemisphere.

Mylia taylorii, or Taylor's flapwort, is a species of leafy liverwort.

Riccardia multifida is a species of liverwort belonging to the family Aneuraceae. It has cosmopolitan distribution., widely found on both coasts of North America, Europe, and east Asia.

Riccardia is a plant genus in the liverwort family Aneuraceae.

Mylia is a genus of liverworts. It is the only genus in the family Myliaceae. While many species are green, some species may be brownish to reddish. The leaves are unlobed and have a smooth edge; the underleaves are tapered and narrow. Plants may have gemmae. The species of this genus are found in Northern Hemisphere. Species: Mylia aequata (Hook. & Taylor) Kuhnem. Mylia anomala (Hook.) Gray Mylia fragilis (J.B.Jack & Stephani) S.W.Arnell Mylia iversenii S.W.Arnell Mylia taylorii (Hook.) Gray Mylia verrucosa Lindb. Mylia vietnamica Bakalin & Vilnet

Aegonychon is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Boraginaceae. Its native range is from Europe to Iran, and central China to temperate eastern Asia. Species: Aegonychon calabrum (Ten.) ined. Aegonychon purpurocaeruleum (L.) Holub Aegonychon zollingeri (DC.) Holub

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Herbertus is a genus of liverworts in the family Herbertaceae. The genus has a broad global or cosmopolitan distribution, including sixteen species that occur in Eurasia:

Marchesinia mackaii, or MacKay's pouncewort, is a species of leafy liverwort.

Chamaesyce is former genus of plants in the family Euphorbiaceae, now subsumed into the genus Euphorbia as Euphorbia sect. Anisophyllum in the subgenus Chamaesyce. The section contains around 350–365 species (around 210 New World and 140 Old World) that were formerly in the genus Chamaesyce. Plants in this section are known for their prostrate, branching habit and include probably best known for E. maculata, a temperate weed known as spotted spurge found worldwide, and E. hirta, a pantropical weed. Many of the species are known as sandmats. The section Anisophyllum is very closely related to

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