Takenoshin Nakai

The watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) is a species of flowering plant in the family Cucurbitaceae, that has a large, edible fruit. It is a scrambling and trailing vine-like plant, and is widely cultivated worldwide, with more than 1,000 varieties. Watermelons are grown in favorable climates from tropical to temperate regions worldwide for its large edible fruit, which is a berry with a hard rind and no internal divisions, botanically called a pepo. The sweet, juicy flesh is usually deep red to pink, with many seeds that are black when mature, white when immature. Seedless varieties also exist.

The Apiales are an order of flowering plants, included in the asterid group of dicotyledons. Well-known members of Apiales include carrots, celery, coriander, parsley, parsnips, poison hemlock, ginseng, ivies, and pittosporums. Apiales consist of seven families, with the type family being the celery, carrot or parsley family, Apiaceae.

Pyrus pyrifolia is a species of pear tree native to southern China and northern Indochina that has been introduced to Korea, Japan and other parts of the world. The tree's edible fruit is known by many names, including Asian pear, Persian pear, Japanese pear, Chinese pear, Korean pear, Taiwanese pear, apple pear, zodiac pear, three-halves pear, papple, naspati, bata kisbis, Fefeta grained pear and sand pear. Along with cultivars of P. × bretschneideri and Pyrus ussuriensis, the fruit is also called the nashi pear. Cultivars derived from Pyrus pyrifolia are grown throughout East Asia, and in

Costaceae, known as the Costus family or spiral gingers, is a family of pantropical monocots. It belongs to the order Zingiberales, which contains horticulturally and economically important plants such as the banana (Musaceae), bird-of-paradise (Strelitziaceae), and edible ginger (Zingiberaceae). The seven genera in Costaceae together contain about 143 known species (1 in Monocostus, 2 in Dimerocostus, 16 in Tapeinochilos, 2 in Paracostus, c. 8 in Chamaecostus, c. 5 in Hellenia, and c. 80 in Costus). They are native to tropical climates of Asia, Africa, Central America, and South America.

Bonnetiaceae is a family of flowering plants, consisting of 3 genera and 38 species. The family is Neotropical, with the exception of the genus Ploiarium, which is found in Malesia. It is sister to the family Clusiaceae.

Montiniaceae is a family of flowering plants. It includes two or three genera of shrubs and small trees, native to southwest Africa and tropical East Africa as well as Madagascar. The genera Grevea and Montinia are included in most classification systems. The genus Kaliphora is included in the Montiniaceae in many newer classification systems, including the APG II, but other classification systems, including that of Armen Takhtajan, include Kaliphora in its own family, the Kaliphoraceae.

Paulowniaceae are a family of flowering plants within the Lamiales. They are a monophyletic family of trees with currently 12 species in 3 genera. They were formerly placed within Scrophulariaceae sensu lato, or as a segregate of the Bignoniaceae. The Paulowniaceae are now resolved as a distinct separate family consisting of the genera Paulownia, Shiuyinghua and Wightia. They are deciduous trees with large heart shaped leaves and long panicles of white-purple to lavender flowers native to eastern Asia. The most widely distributed and recognized species is Paulownia tomentosa with common names

Chaenomeles speciosa, the flowering quince, Chinese quince or Japanese quince, is a thorny deciduous or semi-evergreen shrub native to eastern Asia. It is taller than another commonly cultivated species, C. japonica, usually growing to about 2 m (6 ft 7 in). The flowers are usually red, but may be pink, white or green. The fruit is a fragrant, hard pome that resembles a quince.

Abeliophyllum, the miseonnamu, Korean abeliophyllum, white forsythia, or Korean abelialeaf, is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the olive family, Oleaceae. It consists of one species, Abeliophyllum distichum Nakai, endemic to Korea, where it is endangered in the wild, occurring at only seven sites. It is related to Forsythia, but differs in having white, not yellow, flowers.

Picea koraiensis, commonly known as Korean spruce, jong-bi-na-mu (Korean: 종비나무), hong pi yun shan (Chinese: 红皮云杉), or jel koreiskaya (Russian: ель корейская), is a species of spruce native to China, Russia, and North Korea. It is a medium-sized evergreen tree growing to 30 m tall, and with a trunk diameter of up to 0.8 m. The shoots are orange-brown, glabrous or with scattered pubescence. The leaves are needle-like, 12–22 mm long, rhombic in cross-section, dark bluish-green with conspicuous stomatal lines. The cones are cylindric-conic, 4–8 cm long and 2 cm broad, maturing pale brown 5–7

Thuja koraiensis, also called Korean arborvitae, is a species of Thuja, native to Korea and the extreme northeast of China (Changbaishan). Its current status is poorly known; the small population in China is protected in the Changbaishan Nature Reserve, as is the small population in Soraksan Nature Reserve in northern South Korea, but most of the species' range in North Korea is unprotected and threatened by habitat loss. It is an evergreen shrub or small tree growing to 3–10 m tall. The foliage forms flat sprays with scale-like leaves 2–4 mm long (up to 15 mm long on strong-growing shoots),

Reynoutria sachalinensis, the giant knotweed or Sakhalin knotweed, (syns. Polygonum sachalinense, Fallopia sachalinensis) is a species of Fallopia native to northeastern Asia in northern Japan (Hokkaidō, Honshū) and the far east of Russia (Sakhalin and the southern Kurile Islands). Reynoutria sachalinensis is a herbaceous perennial plant growing to 2–4 m (79–157 in) tall, with strong, extensively spreading rhizomes forming large clonal colonies. The leaves are some of the largest in the family, up to 15–40 cm (6–15.5 in) long and 10–28 cm (4–11 in) broad, nearly heart-shaped, with a somewhat

Pseudosasa japonica, the arrow bamboo (Japanese: metake), is a species of bamboo in the grass family Poaceae native to Japan and Korea, but planted worldwide as a horticultural plant.

Gisekia is a genus of flowering plants. It is the only genus in the family Gisekiaceae and has seven species. The family was recognized in the APG II system (2003) and assigned to the order Caryophyllales in the clade core eudicots. This represents a change from the APG system (1998), which did not recognize this family. The AP-Website accepts this family with one genus. The genus was named by Carl Linnaeus after Paul Dietrich Giseke (1741-1796), a German botanist who studied under him, and who later published his notes on Linnaeus' lectures under the title Praelectiones in Ordines Naturales

Pseudosasa is a genus of East Asian bamboo in the grass family. These species are small to medium running plants, usually with one branch at a node. Its name comes from its resemblance to the genus Sasa. The species are native to China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam, with a few species sparingly naturalized in various other regions (western Europe, North Africa, North America, New Zealand, etc. Species formerly included see Acidosasa Fargesia Gelidocalamus Indocalamus Oligostachyum Pleioblastus Sasa] Sasaella Sasamorpha Sinobambusa Yushania

Malus asiatica, also known as neunggeum apple or Chinese pearleaf crabapple, is a species in the genus Malus under the family Rosaceae. It is native to China and Korea.

Shibataea is a genus of Chinese bamboos in the grass family. They are unique shorter bamboos with dark green leaves. This genus is more closely related to the genus Phyllostachys than other small bamboos. Excellent as tall groundcover or short hedges, they are especially suited to climates similar to the Pacific Northwest since they dislike dry climates. They not do well with alkaline or water-logged soil. They need acidic conditions to prevent leaf burn. They are sometimes called ruscus-leaved bamboo, as the shape of the leaves resembles that of the genus Ruscus. These bamboos are very

Semiarundinaria is a genus of East Asian bamboo in the grass family. Semiarundinaria is native to temperate and subtropical woodland in China and Japan. The plants are generally rhizomatous, tall and erect bamboos with cylindrical stems, producing tufts of lanceolate leaves at each node. Species Semiarundinaria densiflora - Anhui, Guangdong, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Zhejiang Semiarundinaria fastuosa - Honshu; cultivated in China Semiarundinaria fortis - Kyushu Semiarundinaria kagamiana - Honshu Semiarundinaria shapoensis - Hainan Semiarundinaria sinica - Jiangsu, Zhejiang Semiarundinaria

Prunus speciosa, the Oshima cherry (Japanese: オオシマザクラ, Hepburn: ōshimazakura), is a true cherry tree noted for its ornamental cherry blossoms. It is native to Izu Ōshima island and the Izu Peninsula on Honshū near Tokyo, Japan.

Japonolirion is a genus of plants in the family Petrosaviaceae. There is only one known species, Japonolirion osense, endemic to Japan. It is found in grasslands, wetlands and alpine meadows.

Ixiolirion is a genus of flowering plants native to central and southwest Asia, first described as a genus in 1821. Recent classifications place the group in the monogeneric family Ixioliriaceae in the order Asparagales of the monocots. In earlier systems of classification, it was usually placed in the family Amaryllidaceae. The genus name – composed of Ixio- and lirion ('lily') – means 'Ixia-like lily'. There are four species in this genus and family Ixiolirion ferganicum Kovalevsk. & Vved. - Kyrgyzstan Ixiolirion karateginum Lipsky - Pakistan, Tajikistan Ixiolirion songaricum P.Yan -

Stegnosperma is a genus of flowering plants, consisting of three species of woody plants, native to the Caribbean, Central America, and the Sonoran Desert. These are shrubs or lianas, with anomalous secondary thickening in mature stems, by successive cambia.

Lespedeza thunbergii is a species of flowering plant in the legume family known by the common names Thunberg's bushclover, Thunberg's lespedeza, and shrub lespedeza. It is native to the eastern Himalayas, China, Korea, and Japan.

Indocalamus is a genus of about 35 species of flowering plants in the grass family (Poaceae), native to central and southern China, Hainan, Vietnam, and Laos. They are quite small evergreen bamboos normally up to 2 m (6.6 ft) in height, initially forming clumps and then spreading to form larger thickets. They have thick, glossy leaves. Ruo leaves use to wrap foods like rice during dragon boat festival, originate in fujian refer to Indocalamus longiauritus originally but now are nonspecific to just about any leaf wrap. Some species were formerly included in Sasa and Sasamorpha. Indocalamus

Pleioblastus is an East Asian genus of monopodial bamboos in the grass family Poaceae. They are native to China and Japan, and naturalized in scattered places in Korea, Europe, New Zealand, and the Western Hemisphere. The plant spreads by vigorous underground rhizomes which run along just beneath the soil surface, producing plantlets at the nodes. These can be used to propagate new plants, but if not removed they can become invasive. The species Pleioblastus variegatus (green and cream stripes), and P. viridistriatus (green and yellow stripes) have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's

Heliconia is a genus of flowering plants in the monotypic family Heliconiaceae. Most of the 194 known species are native to the tropical Americas, but a few are indigenous to certain islands of the western Pacific and Maluku in Indonesia. Many species of Heliconia are found in the tropical forests of these regions. Most species are listed as either vulnerable or data deficient by the IUCN Red List of threatened species. Several species are widely cultivated as ornamentals, and a few are naturalized in Florida, Gambia, and Thailand. Common names for the genus include lobster-claws, toucan

Crepidiastrum is an Asian genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. Species

Angelica gigas, also called Korean angelica, giant angelica, purple parsnip, and dangquai, is a monocarpic biennial or short lived perennial plant from Korea and China. It inhabits forests, grasslands and banks of streams. The roots are used in traditional Chinese medicine.

Trichocoleaceae is a family of liverworts in the order Jungermanniales.

Lithocarpus glaber, the Japanese oak, is a tree species in the family Fagaceae found in central and southern Japan, southern China, and Taiwan. Mitami Shrine, a Shinto shrine in Sakai, Osaka Prefecture, Japan, is famous locally for its comparatively large population of Lithocarpus glaber, known as Shiribukagashi (尻深樫 シリブカガシ). In China, it is called ke (柯). In Cantonese, it is called Seklik (石櫟). Condensed tannins from L. glaber leaves have been analysed through acid-catalyzed degradation in the presence of cysteamine and have a potent free radical scavenging activity. The species was first