Wilhelm Becker

Viola mandshurica is a perennial species of violet known by the common names dōng běi jǐn cài (zh:东北堇菜) meaning 'northeastern violet' in China, jebikkot (ko:제비꽃) meaning 'sparrow flower' in Korea, and sumire (ja:菫, ja:スミレ) meaning 'violet' in Japan. In Japan, V. mandshurica is considered to be the basic species and other violet species have additional descriptors such as himesumire or nojisumire. Its specific name is derived from Manchuria, an area of its native habitat which has at different times in history included parts of modern China, Korea, Mongolia and the Russian Far East.

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Viola lanaiensis is a rare species of flowering plant in the violet family commonly known as the Hawaii violet. It is endemic to Hawaii, where it is known only from the island of Lanai. It is threatened by deer, sheep, and introduced species of plants. It is a federally listed endangered species of the United States. This plant is a subshrub which grows 10 to 40 centimetres tall. It produces narrow leaves and purple-tinged or purple-veined white flowers. It grows in moist and wet forest habitats. This species is limited to the island of Lanai, where there are 4 populations containing fewer

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