William Aiton

British botanist.

William Aiton (1731 – 2 February 1793) was a Scottish botanist. Aiton was born near Hamilton. Having been regularly trained to the profession of a gardener, he travelled to London in 1754, and became assistant to Philip Miller, then superintendent of the Chelsea Physic Garden. In 1759 he was appointed director of the newly established botanical garden at Kew, where he remained until his death. He effected many improvements at the gardens, and in 1789 he published Hortus Kewensis, a catalogue of the plants cultivated there. He is buried at nearby St. Anne's Church, Kew. A second and enlarged e

Abbreviations: Aiton
Occupations: pteridologist, horticulturist, botanist
Citizenships: Kingdom of Great Britain
Languages: English
Dates: 1731-01-01T00:00:00Z – 1793-02-02T00:00:00Z
Birth place: Hamilton
Direct attributions: 213 plants, 0 fungi
Authorship mentions: 365 plants, 0 fungi

213 plants attributed, 152 plants contributed to365 plants:

Jasminum sambac (Mogra) (L.) Aiton 1789
medicinal and vegetable plant species in the oleaceae family
Jasminum sambac (Arabian jasmine or Sambac jasmine or Mogra) is a species of jasmine native to Bhutan and India. It is cultivated in many places, especially West Asia, South Asia and Southeast Asia. It is naturalised in many scattered locales: Mauritius, Madagascar, the Maldives, Christmas Island, Chiapas, Central America, southern Florida, the Bahamas, Cuba, Hispaniola, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, and the Lesser Antilles. Jasminum sambac is a small shrub or vine growing up to 0.5 to 3 m (1.6 to 9.8 ft) in height. It is widely cultivated for its attractive and sweetly fragrant flowers. The flowers
Pinus pinaster (Maritime Pine) Aiton 1789
plant species in the pinaceae family
Pinus pinaster, the maritime pine is a pine native to the south Atlantic Europe region and parts of the western Mediterranean. It is a fast growing hard pine with long needles and large cones with medium-sized seeds with large wings.
Solanum muricatum (Peruvian Pepino) Aiton 1789
plant species in the solanaceae family
Solanum muricatum is a species of evergreen shrub native to South America and grown for its sweet edible fruit. It is known as pepino dulce ("sweet cucumber" in English, in order to differentiate it from cucumber which is also called "pepino" in Spanish) or simply pepino. The pepino dulce fruit resembles a melon (Cucumis melo) in color, and its flavor recalls a succulent mixture of honeydew and cucumber, and thus it is also sometimes called pepino melon or melon pear. Another common name, tree melon, is more often used for the papaya (Carica papaya) though the pepino dulce plant generally
Vaccinium macrocarpon (American Cranberry) Aiton 1789
plant species in the ericaceae family
Vaccinium macrocarpon, also called large cranberry, American cranberry and bearberry, is a North American species of cranberry in the subgenus Oxycoccus. The name cranberry comes from the shape of the flower stamen, which looks like a crane's beak.
Pinus resinosa (Red Pine) Aiton 1789
plant species in the pinaceae family
Pinus resinosa, known as red pine (also Norway pine in Minnesota), is a pine native to Eastern North America, with a distributed from Pennsylvania and the Great Lakes region to Manitoba and Newfoundland. It is an adaptable species, and is a valuable forestry species in its native range. One of only two American members of subsection Pinus, the species is characterised by low genetic diversity.
Ficus virens (White Fig) Aiton 1789
edible, medicinal, and vegetable plant species in the moraceae family
Ficus virens is a semi-deciduous plant of the genus Ficus found in Pakistan, India, east and Southeast Asia, through Malaysia and into Northern Australia. Its common name is white fig; it is locally known as pilkhan and in the Kunwinjku language it is called manbornde. Like many figs, its fruits are edible. One of the most famous specimens of this tree is the Curtain Fig Tree of the Atherton Tableland, near Cairns, a popular tourist attraction. Another famous example is the Tree of Knowledge in Darwin. Ficus virens var. sublanceolata occurs the subtropical rainforest of northeastern New South
Solidago gigantea (Giant Goldenrod) Aiton 1789
perennial plant species in the asteraceae family
Solidago gigantea is a North American plant species in the family Asteraceae. Its common names include tall goldenrod and giant goldenrod, among others. Goldenrod is the state flower of Kentucky and of Nebraska.
Rhapis L.f. ex Aiton 1789
plant genus in the arecaceae family
Rhapis is a genus of about 10 species of small palms native to southeastern Asia from southern Japan and southern China south to Sumatra. The species are commonly known as lady palms. They are fan palms (subfamily Coryphoideae), with the leaves with a bare petiole terminating in a rounded fan of numerous leaflets. The plants have thin stems growing to 3–4 m tall, branching at the base, forming clumps and are dioecious, with male and female flowers produced on separate plants.
Cyrtanthus (Ifafa Lily) Aiton 1789
plant genus in the amaryllidaceae family
Cyrtanthus is a genus of perennial, herbaceous and bulbous plants in the family Amaryllidaceae, subfamily Amaryllidoideae.
Cyclamen hederifolium (Sowbread) Aiton 1789
plant species in the primulaceae family
Cyclamen hederifolium, the ivy-leaved cyclamen or sowbread, is a species of flowering plant in the family Primulaceae. This widespread cyclamen species is widely cultivated and among the most hardy and vigorous in oceanic climates. It is native to woodland, shrubland, and rocky areas in the Mediterranean region from southern France to western Turkey and on Mediterranean islands, and naturalized farther north in Europe and in the Pacific Northwest.
Acorus gramineus (Slender Sweet Flag) Aiton 1789
perennial, medicinal, and vegetable plant species in the acoraceae family
Acorus gramineus, commonly known as Japanese sweet flag, Japanese rush, grassy-leaved sweet flag, and grass-leaf sweet flag, is a botanical species belonging to the genus Acorus, native to Japan, Korea, and eastern Asia. The plant usually grows in wetlands and shallow water. The genome of A. gramineus has been published by independent research groups in 2022 and 2023.
Euphorbia balsamifera (Balsam Spurge) Aiton 1789
plant species in the euphorbiaceae family
Euphorbia balsamifera (balsam spurge) is a flowering plant in the spurge family Euphorbiaceae. It is distributed in the Canary Islands and the western Sahara. It is the vegetable symbol of the island of Lanzarote. Euphorbia adenensis has been treated as a subspecies of this species.
Myrica faya (Faya) Aiton 1789
plant species in the myricaceae family
Myrica faya (firetree, faya or haya; syn. Morella faya (Ait.) Wilbur) is a species of Myrica, native to Macaronesia (the Azores, Madeira, and the Canary Islands), and possibly also western coastal mainland Portugal.
Heritiera Aiton 1789
plant genus in the malvaceae family
Heritiera is a genus of flowering plants in the family Malvaceae, subfamily Sterculioideae. They are most dominant tropical forest trees in several areas in eastern Africa and India to the Pacific. Some are mangroves. Several are valuable for their timber and are over-exploited.
Euphorbia prostrata (Prostrate Sandmat) Aiton 1789
annual and medicinal plant species in the euphorbiaceae family
Euphorbia prostrata is a species of spurge known by the common name prostrate spurge or prostrate sandmat. It is native to the Caribbean and certain parts of South America. It is widely naturalized in many other parts of the world, where it can be found in varied habitat types and in many areas grows as a roadside weed.
Rhus aromatica (Fragrant Sumac) Aiton 1789
plant species in the anacardiaceae family
Rhus aromatica, commonly known as fragrant sumac, smooth sumac, aromatic sumac, lemon sumac, skunk bush, polecat bush, polecat sumac, or simply sumac, is a deciduous shrub in the family Anacardiaceae native to North America. It is native to southern and eastern Canada, most of the contiguous United States, and Mexico.
Cypripedium acaule (Pink Lady's Slipper) Aiton 1789
plant species in the orchidaceae family
Cypripedium acaule, the pink lady's slipper or moccasin flower, is a species of flowering plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae native to eastern North America. It is currently the provincial flower of Prince Edward Island, Canada, and the state wildflower of New Hampshire, United States. Indigenous peoples traditionally used this plant for medicinal purposes. For example, Algonquin people, who form part of the larger cultural group known as the Anishinaabeg, traditionally used C. acaule to treat menstrual disorders. Due to population decline, harvesting for medicinal purposes is no longer
Aristea (Blue Brilliant) Aiton 1789
plant genus in the iridaceae family
Aristea is a genus of evergreen, perennial and rhizomatous species of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described in 1789. The genus is distributed in tropical and southern Africa, as well as Madagascar. The genus name is derived from the Greek word arista, meaning "awn". Species
Nymphaea odorata (American White Water-lily) Aiton 1789
plant species in the nymphaeaceae family
Nymphaea odorata, also known as the American white waterlily, fragrant water-lily, beaver root, fragrant white water lily, white water lily, sweet-scented white water lily, and sweet-scented water lily, is an aquatic plant belonging to the genus Nymphaea. It can commonly be found in shallow lakes, ponds, and permanent slow moving waters throughout North America where it ranges from Central America to northern Canada. It is also reported from Brazil and Guyana.
Lonicera implexa (Minorca Honeysuckle) Aiton 1789
plant species in the caprifoliaceae family
Lonicera implexa, sometimes known by the common but nonspecific names Minorca, evergreen or Mediterranean honeysuckle, is a species of flowering plants in the Caprifoliaceae family. As with most Lonicera (honeysuckle) species, L. implexa is a climbing plant growing to 2.5 m or more. Lonicera implexa is native to the Mediterranean region. In southern Europe, it can be found along the entire European Mediterranean region, with its native range includes Portugal and Spain (including the Balearic islands), southern France (including Corsica), Italy (including Sardinia and Sicily), Malta, Western
Silene undulata (African Dream Root) Aiton 1789
perennial plant species in the caryophyllaceae family
Silene undulata (Xhosa: iindlela zimhlophe—"white ways/paths", also known as Silene capensis, and African dream root) is a plant native to the Eastern Cape of South Africa.
Oenothera rosea (Rose Evening Primrose) Aiton 1789
perennial and medicinal plant species in the onagraceae family
Oenothera rosea, also known as rosy evening-primrose, rose evening primrose, pink evening primrose, or Rose of Mexico, is a species of flowering plant in the family Onagraceae. It is native to the Americas but can also be found as an introduced species in several regions of the world. It can spread quickly across yards and fields, and removal takes years of sustained effort. Oenothera rosea has flowers with less than 2.5 cm (0.98 in) diameter. The shade varies from pink to red.
Prunus nigra (Canadian Plum) Aiton 1789
plant species in the rosaceae family
Prunus nigra, the Canada plum, Canadian plum, or black plum, is a species of Prunus native to eastern North America.
Ilex opaca (American Holly) Aiton 1789
plant species in the aquifoliaceae family
Ilex opaca, the American holly, is a species of holly, native to the eastern and south-central United States, from coastal Massachusetts south to central Florida, and west to southeastern Missouri and eastern Texas.
Heritiera littoralis (Looking Glass Mangrove) Aiton 1789
medicinal plant species in the malvaceae family
Heritiera littoralis, commonly known as the looking-glass mangrove or tulip mangrove, is a mangrove tree in the family Malvaceae native to coastal areas of eastern Africa, Asia, Melanesia and northern Australia. The common name refers to the silvery appearance of the underside of the leaves, resembling a mirror to some degree. The strong timber has uses in marine applications and elsewhere.
Helleborus lividus (Majorcan Hellebore) Aiton 1789
plant species in the ranunculaceae family
Helleborus lividus is a species of flowering plant in the family Ranunculaceae, native to Mallorca and possibly nearby Cabrera, Spain. It is an evergreen perennial growing to 45 cm (18 in) tall by 30 cm (12 in) wide, with deep green or bluish green, glossy leaves and light green or pinkish-green flowers opening nearly flat and appearing from midwinter to early spring. The Latin lividus refers to the colour of the leaves (literally "lead-grey"). It may be best grown in a greenhouse in frost-prone areas. Propagation is from seed. In cultivation it hybridises readily with the closely related H.
Allium tricoccum (Wood Leek) Aiton 1789
plant species in the amaryllidaceae family
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Rosa blanda (Smooth Rose) Aiton 1789
plant species in the rosaceae family
Rosa blanda, commonly known as the smooth rose, meadow/wild rose, or prairie rose, is a species of rose native to North America. Among roses, it is closest to a "thornless" rose, with just a few thorns at the base. The meadow rose occurs as a colony-forming shrub growing to 1 m (3.3 ft) high, naturally in prairies and meadows. The roses are quite variable, the characteristics such as leaf tip number of prickles and glandular hairs usually do not always remain constant, thus it is often confused with Rosa arkansana or Rosa carolina, the two other prairie rose species.
Plocama Aiton 1789
plant genus in the rubiaceae family
Plocama is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It was described by William Aiton in 1789. It is distributed from the Canary Islands to northwestern India. The genus was expanded in 2007 when several other Rubiaceae genera were merged into it. There are now about 34 species. Plants of this genus are herbs or shrubs. They generally have an offensive scent when crushed. The leaves are oppositely arranged. The corolla is funnel shaped with a short to long tubular base. The fruit is either a drupe or a body that splits into two parts when ripe.
Ilex vomitoria (Yaupon) Aiton 1789
plant species in the aquifoliaceae family
Ilex vomitoria, commonly known as yaupon or yaupon holly, is a species of holly that is native to southeastern North America. The word yaupon was derived from the Catawban yą́pą, from yą- tree + pą leaf. Another common name, cassina, was borrowed from Timucua (despite this, it usually refers to Ilex cassine). The Latin name was given by early European observers who misunderstood Indigenous purification ceremonies—where vomiting was part of the ritual—and incorrectly assumed that the plant itself was emetic. The plant was traditionally used by Native Americans and Euro-American colonists to
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