Flora of Northeast Tropical Africa

Dracaena cinnabari, the Socotra dragon tree or dragon blood tree, is a dragon tree native to the Socotra archipelago, part of Yemen, located in the Arabian Sea. It is named after the blood-like color of the red sap that the trees produce. It is also the national tree of Yemen. A related tree of similar appearance, the drago, Dracaena draco, grows in the Canary Islands, more than 7000 km from Socotra.

Punica protopunica, commonly known as the pomegranate tree or Socotran pomegranate, is a species of flowering plant in the family Lythraceae. It is endemic to the island of Socotra (Yemen). Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests. The tree, often thorny, attains a height of 2.5 to 4.5 m (8 ft 2 in to 14 ft 9 in). It has reddish-brown bark when young, fading to grey as it ages and becomes less fruitful. Leaves are dark green, glossy, and opposite, growing up to 3 cm (1.2 in) long. The fruit are globose and 2–3 cm in diameter. Flowers and fruits occur from December and

Dorstenia gigas is a species of flowering plant in the Moraceae family. It is a succulent native to the Socotra Islands off the Horn of Africa.

Aloe perryi is a species of plant in the genus Aloe. It is endemic to the island of Socotra in Yemen, and may be known by the common name, Socotrine aloe.

Euphorbia arbuscula is a species of plant in the spurge family (Euphorbiaceae). It is endemic to the archipelago of Socotra in Yemen. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical dry shrubland. Scottish botanist Isaac Bayley Balfour described this species in 1884 from material collected from the Yemeni island of Socotra, where he recorded it as common. The species name is derived from the Latin adjective arbusculus "small tree". Two subspecies are recognised. Balfour had visited Socotra in 1880 and collected many plants. Within the large genus

Aloe squarrosa is a species of flowering plant in the Asphodelaceae family. It is from the island of Socotra, Yemen.

Aloe sinkatana is a small, stemless Aloe native to Sudan. The plant is sometimes confused for the more common, medicinal Aloe vera.

Euphorbia abdelkuri is a species of plant in the family Euphorbiaceae. It is endemic to Abd al Kuri, an island south of Yemen. Its natural habitat is rocky areas. The Latex of the plant is toxic. As most other succulent members of the genus Euphorbia, its trade is regulated under Appendix II of CITES.

Aloe scobinifolia is a small, stemless Aloe from Somalia.

Aloe jucunda is a species of succulent plants that belong to the family Asphodelaceae, indigenous to Somalia.

Kalanchoe robusta is a species of plant in the family Crassulaceae. It is endemic to the Yemeni island of Socotra. Its natural habitat is on rocky slopes and amongst limestone boulders in dwarf shrubland and low succulent shrubland at an altitude of 300–750m. While it is listed by IUCN as belonging to the order Rosales, Kalanchoes and other Crassulaceae are more usually placed in Saxifragales.

Euphorbia socotrana (Soqotri šeber) is a species of plant in the family Euphorbiaceae. It is a tree or shrub endemic to Socotra in Yemen. It has glaucous leaves clustered at the branch tips, and pale brown or almost white bark. Its leaves persist into the dry season, and it drops its leaves in the summer and re-leafs when the rains return. It is common in succulent shrubland and semi-deciduous dry woodland on limestone plateaus, and less common in montane semi-deciduous woodland on granite in the Hajhir Mountains, from 450 to 900 meters elevation. Its population in the western Hajhir is

Aloe forbesii is a small stemless Aloe native to Socotra, Yemen.

Erythrina burana is a species of legume in the family Fabaceae. It is found only in Ethiopia.

Croton socotranus is a species of flowering plant in the family Euphorbiaceae, native to Socotra. A shrub, it is dominant in the meterhel croton shrubland, co-dominant in the shirmihin d'efer mixed deciduous shrubland, and is found in many other shrubland biotopes.

Aloe jawiyon is a species of succulent plant in the genus Aloe first described in 2004. It is endemic to the island of Socotra, Yemen, located in the Indian Ocean (near to the mouth of the Gulf of Aden), approximately 200 miles (321 km) off of the southwestern coast of the Arabian Peninsula and around 430 miles (692 km) east of the coast of Somalia.

Aloe hemmingii is a species of Aloe found in Somalia.

Trichocalyx is a genus of plant in family Acanthaceae. It contains two species endemic to the island of Socotra. Trichocalyx obovatus Balf.f. Trichocalyx orbiculatus Balf.f.

Taverniera sericophylla is a species of legume in the family Fabaceae. Found only in Socotra, the legume's natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry shrubland. The species is threatened by habitat loss.

Kalanchoe farinacea is a species of plant in the family Crassulaceae. It is endemic to the Yemeni island of Socotra. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry shrubland at an altitude of 100-800m. While it is listed by International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN) as belonging to the order Rosales, Kalanchoes and other Crassulaceae are more usually placed in Saxifragales.

Conocarpus lancifolius, one of two species in the genus Conocarpus, is a tree in the family Combretaceae native to coastal and riverine areas of Somalia, Djibouti, and Yemen. It is found throughout the Horn of Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and South Asia. The tree has no common name in English. In Somali, it is called qalab or dhamas; in Arabic, the name is damas. It is also commonly found in residential compounds in Dubai.

Chiliocephalum is a genus of Ethiopian flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. Species Chiliocephalum schimperi Benth. - Ethiopia Chiliocephalum tegetum Mesfin- Ethiopia

Boswellia socotrana is a species of plant in the Burseraceae family. It is endemic to Socotra, Yemen. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical dry shrubland.

Boswellia frereana is a species of plant native to northern Somalia where it is known as yagcar, yagar, yigaar, or yegaar. Its frankincense is nicknamed the king of all frankincense, and called by the locals maydi (other spellings include: meydi, meyti, maidi, maieti, and mayeti) or the common name for all frankincense, fooh..The specific epithet refers to William Edward Frere, Member of Council at Bombay. Other than its aromatic uses, the locals also use it for medicinal purposes; they make it into a paste called "malmal" and apply it on the joints to treat inflammation and arthritis. It is

Boswellia ameero is a species of flowering plant in the Burseraceae family. It is endemic to the island of Socotra in Yemen, common locally in arid, partly deciduous forests; however, populations are fragmentary, with aged, seldom regenerating trees being dominant. Also, the habitat of B. ameero may be degrading. Flowers of B. ameero vary; in some populations they are bright pink, in others, pale pink. Boswellia ameero is sometimes used for its resin.

Begonia socotrana is a species of plant in the family Begoniaceae. It is endemic to north-central Socotra. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, and rocky areas. Due to its winter-blooming tendency, it has been used in begonia hybridization efforts.

Aloe molederana is a criticially endangered species of aloe native to northern Somalia. It was first described in 1989 by John Jacob Lavranos and H.F. Glen.

Aloe harlana is a species of Aloe found in eastern Ethiopia. It was first described by Gilbert Reynolds in 1957.

Aloe ambigens is a rare aloe native to Somalia, but only one locality in the Mudug region is currently known.

Hibiscus stenanthus is a species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae. It is endemic to the island of Socotra in Yemen. Its grows in rocky areas of the limestone plateau in the northeastern portion of the island, from 350 to 600 metres elevation. It is a low shrub, and nearly prostrate in windy areas. It is distinguished from other Socotran Hibiscus by its tubular corolla with red stigmas and without a red base, a cylindrical calyx, and anthers limited to the top quarter of the staminal column.