Flora of Alabama

Sagittaria secundifolia, also known as Kral's water plantain or Little River arrowhead is an endangered aquatic plant endemic to banks along the Little River of the U.S. states of Alabama and Georgia.

Carex brysonii is a tussock-forming species of perennial sedge in the family Cyperaceae. It is native to parts of Alabama.

Leavenworthia crassa is a species of flowering plant in the mustard family, Brassicaceae, known commonly as the fleshy-fruit gladecress. It is endemic to Alabama in the United States, where it occurs in only two counties. It is "likely one of the most imperiled plant species in the Southeast," and the United States Fish and Wildlife Service issued a final rule listing it as an endangered species in 2014.

Scutellaria alabamensis, known as Alabama skullcap, is a rare and endangered wildflower, endemic only to 9 counties in North central Alabama.

Paysonia lyrata is a rare species of flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae known by the common name lyreleaf bladderpod. It is endemic to Alabama in the United States, where it is known from only three occurrences. It is federally listed as a threatened species. This is an annual herb growing mostly erect to a height of 10 to 30 centimeters. The hairy leaves are up to 7 centimeters in length, the lowest ones largest and sometimes lyrate (lyre-shaped). The flowers have bright yellow petals 5 to 7 millimeters in length. There is one occurrence in each of three Alabama counties, Colbert,

Leavenworthia alabamica is a species of flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae. It is commonly known as Alabama gladecress. It is endemic to Alabama.

Jamesianthus is a genus of North American flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. The genus is named for US botanist Robert Leslie James (1897–1977). Species There is only one known species, Jamesianthus alabamensis, called the Alabama warbonnet. It is native to the US states of Alabama and Georgia.

Castilleja kraliana, is a species of flowering plant in the family Orobanchaceae known by the common names Cahaba paintbrush or Cahaba Indian paintbrush.

Asplenium tutwilerae (Tutwiler's spleenwort or Scott's fertile spleenwort) is a rare epipetric fern found only in Hale County, Alabama, United States. A. tutwilerae is a fertile allotetraploid, formed by the chromosomal doubling of a specimen of the sterile diploid A. × ebenoides, a hybrid of A. platyneuron and A. rhizophyllum. Except for its spores, which are fertile rather than malformed, A. tutwilerae is essentially identical to A. × ebenoides and was described as part of that species until 2007. It is named in honor of Julia Tutwiler, who discovered the only known wild population at

Rhododendron colemanii, the Red Hills azalea, is a species of Rhododendron native to the upper coastal plain of Alabama and western Georgia in the United States. This species was previously confused with Rhododendron alabamense and its hybrids, but was distinguished by DNA sequencing.

Phlox pulchra, commonly known as Wherry's phlox or Alabama phlox, is a perennial species of flowering plant in the family Polemoniacea. It is endemic to Alabama in the United States and historic to nine counties (Autauga, Bibb, Butler, Jackson, Jefferson, Lawrence, Shelby, Tuscaloosa, and Walker) Some occurrences are greatly diminished in size or extirpated, others have not been officially surveyed since the 1980s. Specimens have been vouchered in at least five of these counties. It was originally collected by Dr. Wherry in 1929 in Walker County and thought to be Phlox ovata. Under his

Asplenium × boydstoniae, commonly known as Boydston's spleenwort, is a rare, sterile, hybrid fern. It is formed by the crossing of Tutwiler's spleenwort (A. tutwilerae) with ebony spleenwort (A. platyneuron). The hybrid was produced in culture in 1954. It was not discovered in the wild until 1971, when it was found by Kerry S. Walter at Havana Glen, Alabama, the only known wild site for Tutwiler's spleenwort. Walter named it for Kathryn E. Boydston, an expert in fern culture. Except for the tip of its leaf blade, it largely resembles its ebony spleenwort parent.

Clematis socialis is a rare species of flowering plant in the buttercup family known by the common name Alabama leather flower. It is native to the US states of Alabama and Georgia, where it is known from only five populations. The species is seriously threatened by habitat destruction. It is a federally listed endangered species. This plant was discovered in 1980 next to a highway in St. Clair County, Alabama, and described to science as a new species in 1982. A second, very small population was found a few years later in Cherokee County. When searches revealed no more occurrences, the plant

Silphium perplexum J.R.Allison is a prairie species in the Asteraceae endemic to the state of Alabama. S. perplexum is commonly known as Old Cahaba rosinweed, a reference to the Cahaba River near which all populations of this species are found.

Liatris oligocephala, the Cahaba torch, is a flowering plant in the genus Liatris (blazing stars). Its native range is very small, with all known populations being within Bibb County, Alabama, and therefore the species is of conservation concern. It hybridizes with the much more common Liatris cylindracea, but the offspring do not appear to cross with L. oligocephala.

Clinopodium talladeganum, commonly known as the Talladega wild basil, is a perennial vascular shrub in the mint family. C. talladeganum is endemic to a small area in three counties of Alabama.

Asarum rollinsiae, commonly known as Rollins' wild ginger, is a perennial wildflower in the family Aristolochiaceae. It is endemic to Baldwin County, Alabama.

Asarum finzelii, or Finzel's wild ginger, is a species of flowering plant in the family Aristolochiaceae. It is endemic to Marshall County, Alabama. It was formerly known as Hexastylis finzelii.

Arundinaria alabamensis is a species of temperate bamboo in the family Poaceae, commonly known as Tallapoosa cane. It is endemic to the southeastern United States, primarily in east-central Alabama with occurrences extending into the Georgia Piedmont. It is one of four species of native bamboo in North America.

Pinus clausa is a species of pine endemic to the Southeastern United States. Its common names include sand pine, Florida spruce pine, and scrub pine.

Quercus boyntonii is a rare North American species of oak in the beech family. At present, it is found only in nine counties in central Alabama, although historical records say that it formerly grew in Texas as well. It is commonly called the Boynton sand post oak, Boynton oak, or Alabama sandstone oak. Quercus boyntonii is a rare and poorly known species. It is a shrub or small tree, sometimes reach a height of 6 meters (20 feet) but usually smaller. Leaves are dark green, hairless and shiny on the upper surface, covered with many gray hairs on the underside. The oak grows along glade

Phoebanthus, called false sunflower, is a genus of North American plants in the tribe Heliantheae within the family Asteraceae. Phoebanthus includes two species of herbaceous perennials that are both native to the southeastern United States The genus is a close relative of Helianthus, the genus of the common sunflower, and the plants have the general appearance of a sunflower.

Croton alabamensis, known as Alabama croton, is a rare species of flowering plant in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae, that is endemic to Texas and Alabama in the Southeastern United States. It has two varieties whose ranges are separated by more than 1000 km: Croton alabamensis var. alabamensis (Alabama croton) is found in two central Alabama counties, while Croton alabamensis var. texensis (Texabama croton) is found in three counties in Texas. The Alabama croton is a semi-evergreen monoecious shrub that reaches a height of 5–35 dm. It is the northernmost shrubby species of the genus Croton

Crataegus harbisonii is a rare species of hawthorn. Once common in the Nashville area, its population has been reduced significantly in modern times. It is now currently known only from small populations in Davidson and Obion County, Tennessee. This species has been taken into cultivation. It forms a vigorous shrub to 8 m in height with hairy leaves, attractive flowers and round reddish fruit. It is closely related to Crataegus ashei and Crataegus triflora.

Allium speculae, the Little River Canyon onion, is a plant species native to the US States of Georgia and Alabama, especially in the vicinity of the Little River Canyon National Preserve in northeastern Alabama. It occurs on sandy and rocky soils in the Piedmont region at elevations of about 300 m. Allium speculae produces egg-shaped bulbs up to 5 cm long. This species does not have rhizomes. Scapes are round in cross-section, up to 30 cm tall. Flowers bell-shaped, up to 6 mm across; tepals pink; anthers and pollen pale yellow; ovary crested.

Rhododendron prunifolium, the plumleaf azalea, is a wild azalea that grows only in a few counties along the Georgia–Alabama border in the Chattahoochee River Valley. It is considered the rarest azalea in the Eastern United States. Providence Canyon is one of the most popular places to view the plumleaf azalea in the wild.

Lilium iridollae is a species of "true lily". A perennial forb, it is one of nine known Lilium species native to the eastern North America. In 1940, this species was discovered by Mary Henry in its habitat. She named the lily in reference to a "pot of gold at the end of the rainbow".

Carex acidicola (common name: acid-loving sedge) is a tussock-forming species of perennial sedge in the family Cyperaceae. It is native to south eastern parts of the United States in Alabama and Georgia. The species was first described by the botanist Robert Naczi in 2002 from the type specimen collected in Clarke County in Georgia and was published in the journal Novon.

Crataegus austromontana, with common name Valley Head hawthorn, is a very rare species of hawthorn that is possibly extinct. It grows as a shrub or tree 4–5 metres (13–16 ft) in height.

Xyris longisepala, common name Kral's yelloweyed grass, is an uncommon North American species of flowering plants in the yellow-eyed-grass family. It has been found only in a small region in the southeastern United States: southeastern Alabama and the Florida Panhandle. Xyris longisepala is a perennial herb up to 90 cm (3 feet) tall with long, narrow leaves up to 30 cm (12 inches) long but only 3 mm (0.12 inches) wide. Xyris longisepala is listed as an endangered species in Florida.