Flora of Arizona

Pediocactus bradyi is a very rare species of cactus known by the common names Brady's pincushion cactus, Brady's hedgehog cactus, and Marble Canyon cactus. It is endemic to Arizona in the US, where it is restricted to Marble Canyon in Coconino County, though its exact distribution is not generally advertised due to poaching concerns. It is limited to a specific type of soil, it has a small distribution, and the species is threatened by a number of human activities. This has been a federally listed endangered species of the United States since 1979.

Agave toumeyana is a plant species endemic to central Arizona. The species forms dense clumps of rosettes, rarely more than 50 cm high. Flowering stalks can reach 3 meters, bearing greenish-white flowers. The plant was named in honor of James W. Toumey.

Agave chrysantha, the golden-flowered century plant, is a plant species endemic to Arizona. The species is distinguished by its bright yellow flowers, born on a flowering stalk up to 7 m (21 feet) tall.

Astragalus cremnophylax is a rare species of milkvetch known by the common names sentry milkvetch and cliff milkvetch. It is endemic to Arizona, where the three varieties grow in three separate locations. The rarest variety, var. cremnophylax, is a federally listed endangered species which grows only on the rim of the Grand Canyon. The two other varieties are known from the Buckskin Mountains and Marble Canyon. This plant is a resident of the Kaibab Limestone, where it grows in cracks in the bare limestone. The habitat is a pavement of dry, exposed, white rock that takes full sun and brisk,

Euphorbia aaron-rossii, also known as the Marble Canyon spurge, is a perennial, herbaceous plant species of Euphorbia native to Arizona. It's most closely related to E. strictior and E. wrightii, but needs more study.

Agave mckelveyana, common name McKelvey's century plant, is a species endemic to west-central Arizona, at elevations of 800–2,200 m (2,600–7,200 ft). Agave mckelveyana is an acaulescent (trunkless) species, usually producing a single rosette but sometimes growing suckers. Leaves are up to 40 cm (16 in) long, with spines along the margins and at the tip. The flowering stalk can be up to 5 m (16 ft) tall, with yellowish flowers.

Salvia amissa, the Santa Catalina Mountain sage, Galiuro sage, or Aravaipa sage, is a herbaceous perennial plant that is endemic to Arizona, growing in the Galiuro Mountains and the Superstition Mountains. The type specimen is from the Santa Catalina Mountains, though plants have not been recorded there in recent years. S. amissa grows at 455 to 1,526 m (1,493 to 5,007 ft) elevation in gravel, sand, and silt in canyon bottoms shaded by ash, walnut, sycamore, and mesquite. Salvia amissa grows up to 1 m (3.3 ft) tall with simple, opposite, deltoid-ovate leaves. The pale lavender to purple

Pediocactus paradinei, also known as bristly plains cactus, Houserock Valley cactus, Kaibab pincushion cactus, Paradine cactus, and Park pincushion cactus is a rare species of cactus found in Arizona.

Cylindropuntia abyssi, common name Peach Springs cholla, is a species of cactus endemic to northwestern Arizona.

Hesperoyucca newberryi, commonly known as the Grand Canyon Quixote plant or Newberry's yucca, is a plant species endemic to Arizona. It is found only in Mohave and Coconino Counties, on the walls of canyons near the Colorado River. Hesperoyucca newberryi is a perennial forming a rosette. It is semelparous (flowering once then dying). Leaves are narrow, up to 60 cm (24 in) long but usually less than 3 cm (1.2 in) across. Flowering stalks are up to 160 cm (63 in) tall, bearing cream-colored flowers. The fruit is a dry, egg-shaped capsule about 4 cm (1.6 in) long.

Echinocereus ledingii is a species of cactus native to Arizona.

Berberis harrisoniana (syn: Mahonia harrisoniana) is a rare species of flowering plant in the barberry family, Berberidaceae. It is known by the common names Kofa barberry, Kofa Mountain barberry, Harrison's barberry, and red barberry. It is native to the southwestern United States, where it occurs in the Sonoran Colorado Desert in far eastern San Bernardino County in southeastern California and in the Sonoran Desert region in southwestern Arizona (Yuma, La Paz, Pima and Maricopa counties). It occurs in shaded, rocky canyons in the mountains, at an elevation of approximately 800–1000 meters.

Agave × arizonica is a rare plant, endemic to Arizona. It is a hybrid between two species of Agave in the family Asparagaceae, A. chrysantha and A. toumeyana var. bella. It was discovered in the 1960s near a summit of the New River Mountains, near the Maricopa-Yavapai county line north of Phoenix, Arizona. Agave × arizonica is a small plant about 30 cm high and 40 cm broad. Although similar to Agave utahensis, it has distinct differences in suckering more sparingly, in not forming a large dense clump, having leaves with a distinct dark brown margin and also more cylindrical flowers. Its

Actaea arizonica is a species of flowering plant in the buttercup family known by the common name Arizona bugbane. It is endemic to Arizona in the United States, where it occurs in Coconino, Gila, and Yavapai Counties. Like some other species in genus Actaea, this plant was formerly included in the genus Cimicifuga. This rhizomatous perennial herb produces hairless stems up to 1.5 to 2 meters tall. The leaves are each made up of triple-lobed, toothed leaflets up to 17.5 centimeters long by 12.5 wide. They are borne on long petioles up to 35 centimeters in length. The inflorescence is a

Spiranthes delitescens is a rare species of orchid known by the common names reclusive lady's tresses, Canelo Hills lady's tresses, and Madrean lady's tresses. It is native to Arizona in the United States, where there are only four occurrences. It is threatened by the loss and degradation of its habitat. It is a federally listed endangered species of the United States. This orchid was first collected in 1968 and described to science as a species in 1990. It produces an erect stem up to 50 centimeters tall. The narrow leaves are arranged around the lower part of the stem and are up to 18

Sclerocactus sileri, the Siler fishhook cactus, is a rare and very small cactus found mostly in mineral-rich desert areas of intermediate elevations, notably in the American states of Utah, Nevada, and northern Arizona.

Monardella arizonica is a plant species endemic to Arizona in the United States, known by the common name Arizona monardella.

Mabrya acerifolia, or brittlestem, is a mat-forming herbaceous perennial native to south-central Arizona. It has pale yellow tubular flowers. It was first described by Francis W. Pennell in 1924 in the genus Maurandya and transferred to Mabrya by Wayne J. Elisens in 1985. The epithet acerifolia refers to the somewhat maple-like shape of its leaves.

Echinocereus bonkerae, also known as pinkflower hedgehog cactus, Bonker hedgehog, or short spined strawberry cactus, is a species of hedgehog cactus.

Castilleja kaibabensis is a species of flowering plant in the family Orobanchaceae known by the common name Kaibab Plateau Indian paintbrush. It is endemic to the Kaibab Plateau of Coconino County, Arizona, in the United States. Castilleja kaibabensis is a woody perennial herb with hairy stems and hairy, lance-shaped leaves. The inflorescence contains hairy bracts in shades of yellow and orange. The bract color is variable within and between populations. The bracts are divided into lobes, a characteristic that can help identify the plant. Blooming occurs in July. Castilleja kaibabensis grows

Amsonia kearneyana is a rare species of flowering plant in the dogbane family known by the common name Kearney's bluestar. It is native to Arizona, where there is only one native population in the Baboquivari Mountains of Pima County. There may also be a population just south of the border in Sonora, Mexico. The plant was federally listed as an endangered species in 1989. At that time the global population of the plant was made up of eight individuals in a riparian canyon. Since that time the plant has been manually propagated in an attempt to increase its numbers. Threats to the tiny native

Agave phillipsiana is a rare species of flowering plant in the asparagus family known by the common names Grand Canyon century plant and Phillips agave. It is endemic to Arizona in the United States, where it lives only in Grand Canyon National Park. It is a perennial herb or shrub. This plant forms one or more rosettes of large lance-shaped green to gray-green leaves with teeth along the edges and spines at the tips. The leaf blades grow up to 78 centimeters long by 11 wide. The flowering stalk grows up to 5.5 meters tall. The branching inflorescence has clusters of many flowers each 7 or 8

Agave delamateri is a species of plant in the agave subfamily, Agavoideae. It is known by the common names Tonto Basin agave and Rick's agave. It is endemic to central Arizona in the United States. It is generally found on gravelly soils in desert scrub and sometimes pinyon-juniper woodland, often near Mogollon or Salado archaeological sites. Agave delamateri is an acaulescent (trunkless) species forming rosettes up to 100 cm (40 inches) in diameter. Leaves are up to 70 cm (28 inches) long, with a waxy coat giving them a bluish-green appearance. Leaves are well-armed, with teeth along the

Phlox tenuifolia, the Santa Catalina Mountain phlox, is a white flowered plant in the phlox family (Polemoniaceae) that can be found with stems climbing through shrubs and other vegetation growing on rocky slopes of the Sonoran Desert in Arizona. Botanist Richard Spellenberg has described its floral displays over supporting vegetation as "spectacular".

Penstemon clutei is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common name Sunset Crater beardtongue. It is endemic to Arizona, where it is known only from a system of volcanic cinder cones, including Sunset Crater, in Coconino County. This perennial herb grows up to 80 centimeters tall. It has waxy, serrated leaves and blooms in tubular pink flowers between April and August. This plant grows only on volcanic fields around Sunset Crater in one Arizona county. It grows in openings and around Ponderosa pines. It is a fire-adapted species. It may be threatened by off-road

Pennellia tricornuta (formerly Arabis tricornuta) is a species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common names Rincon Mountain rockcress and Chiricahua rockcress. It is endemic to Arizona in the United States, where it occurs in Cochise, Pima, and Santa Cruz Counties. This perennial herb grows 15 to 90 centimeters tall. It has lance-shaped, toothed basal leaves up to 9 centimeters long and linear leaves higher on the stem. It produces flowers with lavender petals and green or purple sepals. The fruit is a silique up to 6.5 centimeters long. This plant grows in rocky

Packera franciscana (syn. Senecio franciscanus) is a rare species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common name San Francisco Peaks groundsel, or San Francisco Peaks ragwort. It is endemic to Arizona in the United States, where it is known only from the San Francisco Peaks in Coconino County. It is threatened by recreational activities in its habitat. It is a federally listed threatened species of the United States.

Triteleia lemmoniae, common names Oak Creek triteleia, Lemmon's star or Oak Creek triplet lily, is a plant species now classed in the family Asparagaceae, although older classifications would have regarded it part of the Liliaceae. Triteleia lemmoniae is endemic to Arizona, the only member of the genus native to the state. It is an herb up to 30 cm (12 in) tall, with bright yellow or orange flowers. The species is named for Sara Plummer Lemmon (1836–1923), a well-known American botanist. She and her husband, John Gill (J.G.) Lemmon, lived and worked in Oakland, California but did extensive

Stillingia paucidentata, the Mojave toothleaf, is a species of flowering plant in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae. The Mojave toothleaf is endemic to southeastern California in the United States. It may occur in nearby western Arizona, but no specimens from that state have been conclusively confirmed. It grows in sandy areas and dry slopes, flowering between March and May and fruiting in May and June. It was described by Sereno Watson in 1879.

Lupinus lemmonii, commonly known as Lemmon's lupine, is a species of perennial plant in the family of Fabaceae that is native to Arizona.