Flora of Belgium

Bromus bromoideus, the brome of the Ardennes, is a species of grass in the genus Bromus. Genetic studies suggest that it rather should be regarded as a variant of Bromus secalinus. It was found in the calcareous meadows of the provinces of Liège and Luxembourg in Belgium, notably around the towns of Rochefort, Beauraing and Comblain-au-Pont, where it was first discovered in 1821. It was thought to be extinct since the 1930s until preserved seeds were rediscovered in collections of the Belgian National Botanic Garden by the English botanist David Aplin and as a result of the publicity, seeds

Mentha × gracilis (syn. Mentha × gentilis L.; syn. Mentha cardiaca (S.F. Gray) Bak.) is a hybrid mint species within the genus Mentha, a sterile hybrid between Mentha arvensis (cornmint) and Mentha spicata (native spearmint). It is cultivated for its essential oil, used to flavour spearmint chewing gum. It is known by the common names of gingermint, redmint and Scotchmint in Europe, and as Scotch spearmint in North America.

Rubus geniculatus is a European species of flowering plant in the rose family, with a few naturalized populations in the state of Virginia in the eastern United States. It has compound leaves with 3 or 5 leaflets, green on the upper side, pale green almost white on the lower side. Flowers are white. Fruits are dark purple, almost black. The genetics of Rubus is extremely complex, so that it is difficult to decide on which groups should be recognized as species. There are many rare species with limited ranges such as this. Further study is suggested to clarify the taxonomy.

Lathraea clandestina, the purple toothwort also known as clandestine in France, is a parasitic plant species in the flowering plant family Orobanchaceae. It is native to western Europe.

Linaria repens, also known as pale toadflax or creeping toadflax in Europe and as striped toadflax in the US, is an herbaceous plant in the family Plantaginaceae, native to Europe.

Festuca lemanii, also known as the confused fescue, is a species of grass in the family Poaceae. It is native to Belgium, France, Great Britain, and Netherlands. It is doubtfully present in Spain. It is perennial and prefers to grow in temperate biomes. Festuca lemanii was first published in 1809.

Festuca juncifolia is a species of grass in the family Poaceae. It is native to Belgium, France, Great Britain, Netherlands, and Spain, and was introduced in South Argentina. It is perennial and mainly grows in temperate biome. It was first published in 1821.

Mentha × carinthiaca (syn. Mentha × schultziana), known as the Austrian or Carinthian mint, is a hybrid mint species within the genus Mentha, native to Europe and locally extinct in the United Kingdom and Belgium.

Karpatiosorbus hybrida is a species of plant in the family Rosaceae. It is the result of a cross between common whitebeam (Aria edulis) and the chequer tree (Torminalis glaberrima), and is native to western and central Europe.

Hedera hibernica, the Atlantic ivy or Irish ivy, is a species of ivy native to the Atlantic coast of Europe.

Polygonatum × hybridum, the garden Solomon's-seal, is a hybrid flowering plant, which is a cross between common Solomon's-seal (Polygonatum multiflorum) and angular Solomon's-seal (Polygonatum odoratum). The plant tends to be more vigorous than either of its parent species.

Thesium humifusum is a species of hemiparasitic flowering plant in the family Santalaceae found in western Europe and north-western Africa, known as bastard-toadflax.

Oenanthe fluviatilis, the river water-dropwort, is a flowering plant in the carrot family, Apiaceae, which is endemic to north-west Europe. It grows only in clear, unpolluted rivers and is declining throughout its range.

Dactylorhiza majalis subsp. praetermissa, the southern marsh orchid or leopard marsh orchid, is a commonly occurring species of European orchid.

The redcurrant or red currant (Ribes rubrum) is a member of the genus Ribes in the family Grossulariaceae. It is native to western Europe. The species is widely cultivated and has escaped into the wild in many regions.

Hyacinthoides non-scripta (formerly Endymion non-scriptus or Scilla non-scripta) is a bulbous perennial plant found in Atlantic areas from the north-western part of the Iberian Peninsula to the British Isles, and also frequently used as a garden plant. It is known in English as the common bluebell, English bluebell or simply bluebell, a name which is used in Scotland to refer to the harebell, Campanula rotundifolia. In spring, H. non-scripta produces a nodding, one-sided inflorescence of 5–12 tubular, sweet-scented violet–blue flowers, with strongly recurved tepals, and 3–6 long, linear,

Saxifraga hypnoides, called mossy saxifrage, cut-leaved saxifrage, Dovedale moss, Eve's cushion, Indian moss, lady's cushion, and queen's cushion, is a species of flowering plant in the family Saxifragaceae. It is native to northwestern Europe; Iceland, the Faroe Islands, Norway, Ireland, Great Britain, Belgium, and France, and has been introduced to Czechia, the Eastern Himalayas, and Tibet. In the north of its range a tetraploid form predominates, and in the south a diploid form is more likely to be found. For forms in gardens (red, pinkish or white flowered) see Saxifraga × arendsii.

Iberis amara, called wild candytuft, rocket candytuft and bitter candytuft, is a species of flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae, native to Belgium, France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Spain, and Switzerland. It has been introduced to numerous locations including Algeria, Sweden, Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, Iraq, Kazakhstan, the Indian Subcontinent, Korea, Far Eastern Russia, New Zealand, Argentina, Ecuador, Hispaniola, the United States, and Canada. It prefers to grow in warm and sunny conditions, in high-calcium soil.

Polygala calcarea, the chalk milkwort, is a species of flowering plant in the family Polygalaceae, native to western Europe. It is a delicate mat-forming evergreen perennial growing to 5 cm (2 in) tall by 20 cm (8 in) broad, with spikes of small, vivid deep blue flowers in spring, and leathery, oval leaves.

Cirsium dissectum, also known as meadow thistle, is an erect perennial herb. It is found in Great Britain, Ireland, France, the Netherlands, Germany, Italy, Spain, Hungary, Norway, etc. It is found in fens and less acidic peat bogs i.e. it prefers damp boggy areas.

Mentha × villosa (syn: Mentha alopecuroides, Mentha nemorosa, Mentha villosa var. alopecuroides) also known as hairy mint or mojito mint is a hybrid species of mint, a cross between Mentha spicata and Mentha suaveolens. This species is native to temperate and warm temperate regions of Europe and occurs in meadows, pastures, and ruderal locations. However, it is cultivated in many other countries throughout the world. In Cuba and the Philippines, this species is known as yerba buena or hierbabuena. In Cuba, it is a core ingredient in the mojito cocktail, though other mints such as spearmint

Petrosedum forsterianum, the rock stonecrop or Welsh stonecrop, is a species of flowering plant in the family Crassulaceae. It is a mat-forming, evergreen stonecrop native to northwestern and southwestern Europe and northern Africa. It may be grown as an ornamental plant or consumed.

Asparagus prostratus, also known as wild asparagus, is a species of flowering plant from the genus Asparagus and family Asparagaceae. It has been placed onto the UK Biodiversity Action Plan list of priority species.

Narcissus pseudonarcissus, commonly named the wild daffodil or Lent lily (Welsh: Cennin Pedr), is a perennial flowering plant. This species has pale yellow tepals, with a darker central trumpet. The long, narrow leaves are slightly greyish green in colour and rise from the base of the stem. The plant grows from a bulb. The flowers produce seeds which, when germinated, take five to seven years to produce a flowering plant. (Sexual seed reproduction mixes the traits of both parent flowers, so if garden hybrid cultivars are planted close to wild populations of Narcissus pseudonarcissus, there is

Helleborus viridis, commonly called green hellebore, is a species of flowering plant in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae, native to central and western Europe, including southern England. All parts of the plant are poisonous. It was one of many plants first described by Linnaeus in volume one of the 1753 (tenth) edition of his Species Plantarum. The Latin species epithet viridis means 'green'. Two subspecies are recognised: Helleborus viridis subsp. viridis from central Europe and the maritime Alps Helleborus viridis subsp. occidentalis from western Europe including the British Isles. Other

Dianthus gratianopolitanus, commonly known as the Cheddar pink or clove pink, is a species of plant in the family Caryophyllaceae. It is a herbaceous perennial, hardy to zones 4–8. It grows to a height of 0.5 to 1 feet, blooming from May to June. Flowers are fragrant and rose pink. Grows best in full sun and has medium water requirements. Overwatering or poor drainage leads to crown rot, and plants do not tolerate wet winter soil conditions. The specific epithet gratianopolitanus refers to the ancient Roman name Gratianopolis of the modern French city of Grenoble. The common name Cheddar pink

Ulmus × hollandica Mill. , often known simply as Dutch elm, is a natural hybrid between wych elm (U. glabra) and field elm (U. minor) which commonly occurs across Europe wherever the ranges of the parent species overlap. In England, according to the field-studies of R. H. Richens, "The largest area [of hybridization] is a band extending across Essex from the Hertfordshire border to southern Suffolk. The next largest is in northern Bedfordshire and adjoining parts of Northamptonshire. Comparable zones occur in Picardy and Cotentin in northern France". Crosses between U. × hollandica and either

Doronicum plantagineum, the plantain-leaved leopard's-bane or plantain false leopardbane, is a European plant species in the sunflower family. It is native to southeastern Europe from Greece and Italy to Ukraine and the Czech Republic. There are reports of the species being naturalized in the State of Oregon in the northwestern United States. Doronicum plantagineum is a perennial herb up to 80 cm (2 feet) tall. Leaves are roundish, up to 11 cm (4.4 inches) long. The plant creates yellow flower heads one at a time, each up to 5 cm (2 inches) in diameter and containing both fay florets and disc

Phyteuma (P) nigrum, the black rampion, is a relatively rare species of plant in the family Campanulaceae. P. nigrum is located in central to northern Europe, primarily concentrated in Scandinavia. Much progress is yet to be made in forming concrete evolutionary relationships within this family and between the genera, but the molecular data from P. nigrum has contributed to the progress made in completing the evolutionary tree. The decrease in P. nigrum numbers over the past few decades has prompted the investigation into the reasons behind such a decline, leading to the conclusion that the

Noccaea montana is a European species of flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae. Plants native to North America were formerly treated as Noccea montana, but are now recognized as a distinct species, Noccaea fendleri.