Flora of North Brazil

Phyllanthus acidus, known as the Otaheite gooseberry, Malay gooseberry, Tahitian gooseberry, country gooseberry, star gooseberry, starberry, arbari, West India gooseberry, Grosella, or simply gooseberry tree, is one of the trees with small edible yellow berries in the family Phyllanthaceae. Despite its name, the plant does not resemble the gooseberry, except for the acidity of its fruits.

Inga salicifolia is a species of plant in the family Fabaceae. It is found only in Brazil.

Begonia solimutata (or Begonia soli-mutata), the sun-changing begonia, is a species of flowering plant in the family Begoniaceae, native to Pará states in northern Brazil. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

Aguiaria is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Malvaceae. Its native range is northern Brazil. The genus was named after Brás de Aguiar (1881–1947), Brazilian naval officer who supported the author of the genus, Adolpho Ducke. It has one species, Aguiaria excelsa Ducke which was first published and described in Ann. Acad. Brasil. Sci. Vol.7 on page 329 in 1935.

Parapiqueria is a genus of Brazilian plants in the tribe Eupatorieae within the family Asteraceae. Species The only known species is Parapiqueria cavalcantei, native to the State of Pará in northern Brazil.

Monogereion is a genus of Brazilian flowering plants in the tribe Eupatorieae within the family Asteraceae. Species There is only one known species, Monogereion carajensis, native to the State of Pará in northeastern Brazil.

Galeandra nivalis is a species of orchid endemic to northern Brazil.

Catasetum randii is a species of orchid found in Brazil.

Catasetum lemosii is a species of orchid found in northern Brazil.

Eschweilera rodriguesiana is a species of woody plant in the family Lecythidaceae. It is found only in Brazil. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Uleanthus erythrinoides is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. It is a tree native to northern Brazil. It is the only member of the genus Uleanthus. It belongs to the subfamily Faboideae.

Pitcairnia aphelandriflora is a species of flowering plant in the family Bromeliaceae, native to Panama, Ecuador and Peru. It was first described by Charles Antoine Lemaire in 1869.

Petaladenium urceoliferum is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. It is a tree native to northern Brazil. It grows in tropical lowland Amazon rainforest in the basin of the Rio Negro, a northern tributary of the Amazon. It is the only member of the genus Petaladenium. The genus belongs to tribe Amburaneae in subfamily Faboideae. It produces three chemical compounds in its leaves that are not found in other members of the Amburaneae: (2S,4S,5R)-5-hydroxy-4-methoxypipecolic acid, (2S,4R,5S)-5-hydroxy-4-methoxypipecolic acid, and (2S,4R,5R)-4-hydroxy-5-methoxypipecolic acid.

Paraia is a genus of plant in family Lauraceae. It is a Neotropical genus with just one species, Paraia bracteata, native to the south-east of Brazil. The genus was described in 1991. Paraia is a hardwood evergreen tree that usually grows to 8 m tall; one individual has been recorded as 20 m. It occurs in an extensive area in the Brazilian states of Pará and Amazonas, in the drainage area of the Amazon Basin to the Atlantic rainforest of southern Brazil at the Trombetas River. The fruit is a berry.

Duckeanthus is a genus of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Brazil. It contains a single species, Duckeanthus grandiflorus. Robert Elias Fries, the Swedish botanist who first formally described it, named it in honor of Adolpho Ducke who collected the specimen he examined, and its large (grandis in Latin) flowers.

Caperonia similis is a species of shrubs in the genus of Caperonia, native to Amazon rainforest.

Androcalymma is a monotypic genus of South American flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It belongs to the subfamily Dialioideae. It contains a single species, Androcalymma glabrifolium.

Virola calophylloidea is a species of tree in the family Myristicaceae. It is endemic to Northern Brazil.

Hylocarpa is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Humiriaceae. The only species is Hylocarpa heterocarpa. Its native range is Northern Brazil.

Chonocentrum is a genus of the family Phyllanthaceae described as a genus in 1922. It contains only known species, Chonocentrum cyathophorum, native to the State of Amazonas in northwestern Brazil. The genus is still not well understood; W. John Hayden has observed that the plant seems have been collected just once, in upper Rio Negro of Brazil in the 1850s, and suggests that it has been misplaced taxonomically.

Barcella is a monotypic genus of flowering plant in the palm family found in the States of Amazonas and Roraima in northwestern Brazil. The only known species is Barcella odora which is used by the Brazilian peoples in construction and for various thatched goods.

Yanomamua is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Gentianaceae. Its native range is Northern Brazil. Species: Yanomamua araca J.R.Grant, Maas & Struwe

Waimiria is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lecythidaceae. It includes a single species, Waimiria amazoniciformis, a tree endemic to northern Brazil, where it grows in terre firme Amazon rainforest around Manaus. The species was first described as Eschweilera amazoniciformis by Scott Alan Mori in 1990. A phylogenetic study by Vargas et al. published in 2024 concluded that Eschweilera was polyphyletic, and that E. amazoniciformis was an isolated sister lineage most closely related to the genera Corythophora and Imbiriba. The authors placed it in the new monotypic genus Waimiria as

Lorenzia is a genus of plants in the family Araceae, first described in 2012. It has only one known species, Lorenzia umbrosa, endemic to Amapá state in north-eastern Brazil.

Jupunba campestris is a species of plant of the genus Jupunba in the family Fabaceae. It is a shrub or tree endemic to northern Brazil.

Cereus gerardi is a species of Cereus native to the state Tocantins in Brazil

Carajasia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The genus contains only one species, viz. Carajasia cangae, which is found on the mountain summits of Serra dos Carajás (Pará, Brazil).

Abuta acutifolia, commonly known as the Abuta vine, is a perennial vine native to the Amazon rainforest in South America. Belonging to the Menispermaceae family, this plant has a rich history of traditional medicinal use among indigenous communities in the Amazon basin. The Abuta vine is characterized by its woody stems and heart-shaped leaves that grow in an alternate pattern along the vine. Its small, greenish-yellow flowers typically bloom in clusters. The plant's fruits are small, spherical, and turn red when ripe. Abuta acutifolia is known for its climbing habit, often winding its way up

Waimiria is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lecythidaceae. It includes a single species, Waimiria amazoniciformis, a tree endemic to northern Brazil, where it grows in terre firme Amazon rainforest around Manaus. The species was first described as Eschweilera amazoniciformis by Scott Alan Mori in 1990. A phylogenetic study by Vargas et al. published in 2024 concluded that Eschweilera was polyphyletic, and that E. amazoniciformis was an isolated sister lineage most closely related to the genera Corythophora and Imbiriba. The authors placed it in the new monotypic genus Waimiria as

Peteniodendron pallens is a species of flowering plant in the family Sapotaceae. It is a tree endemic to Rondônia state in northern Brazil. It grows up to 20 meters tall in lowland terre firme (non-flooded) Amazon rainforest.