Flora of Inner Mongolia

Allium alabasicum is a species of onion native to Nei Mongol (Inner Mongolia) in China. Allium alabasicum produces narrow, cylindrical bulbs. Scapes are usually round in cross-section, though sometimes with two angles; they are short, rarely more than 5 cm tall. Umbel generally has only 4 or 5 flowers. Tepals are purplish-red, up to 4 mm long. Ovary is round to egg-shaped. Stamens are shorter than the tepals.

Gagea daqingshanensis is a Chinese species of plants in the lily family, found only in the Inner Mongolia (Nei Mongol) region of China.

Reniostellaria is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caryophyllaceae. It includes a single species, Reniostellaria bistylata, a perennial or subshrub endemic to the Helan Mountains of Inner Mongolia in north-central China. The species was first described as Stellaria bistylata by Wei Zhong Di and Yi Ren in 1985. In 2023 Gang Yao, Bine Xue, and Zhu Qiu Song placed it in the newly described monotypic genus Reniostellaria as Reniostellaria bistylata.

Helania is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apiaceae. It includes a single species, Helania radialipetala, a perennial native to Inner Mongolia.

Zygophyllum mongolicum is a species of flowering plant in the family Zygophyllaceae. It is endemic to the Inner Mongolia region in China. It was formerly known as Tetraena mongolica but the genus Tetraena is now regarded as synonym to Zygophyllum. The endangered status of this species and its xerophytic lifestyle adapted to withstand harsh environments prompted researchers to sequence its genome, the first of a member of the order Zygophyllales.

Reniostellaria is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caryophyllaceae. It includes a single species, Reniostellaria bistylata, a perennial or subshrub endemic to the Helan Mountains of Inner Mongolia in north-central China. The species was first described as Stellaria bistylata by Wei Zhong Di and Yi Ren in 1985. In 2023 Gang Yao, Bine Xue, and Zhu Qiu Song placed it in the newly described monotypic genus Reniostellaria as Reniostellaria bistylata.

Helania is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apiaceae. It includes a single species, Helania radialipetala, a perennial native to Inner Mongolia.

Picea meyeri (Meyer's spruce; Chinese: 白杄; pinyin: báiqiān) is a species of spruce native to Nei Mongol in the northeast to Gansu in the southwest and also inhabiting Shanxi, Hebei and Shaanxi. It is a medium-sized evergreen tree growing to 30 m tall, and with a trunk diameter of up to 0.8 m. The shoots are yellowish-brown, glabrous or with scattered pubescence. The leaves are needle-like, 13–25 mm long, rhombic in cross-section, bluish-green with conspicuous stomatal lines. The cones are cylindric, 7–11 cm long and 3 cm broad, maturing pale brown 5–7 months after pollination, and have stiff,

Acer pilosum is an Asian species of maple. It has been found only in north-central China (Gansu, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shanxi). Acer pilosum is a small deciduous tree up to 5 meters tall. Leaves are non-compound, up to 8 cm wide and 12 cm across, toothless, deeply cut into 3 lobes.

Synstemon is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Brassicaceae. It includes a single species, Synstemon petrovii, which is native to northern China.

Stilpnolepis is a genus of Asian plants in the chamomile tribe within the daisy family. The only known species is Stilpnolepis centiflora, native to Mongolia and to China (Gansu, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Shaanxi). formerly included see Elachanthemum Stilpnolepis intricata - Elachanthemum intricatum

Potaninia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Rosaceae. It only contains one known species, Potaninia mongolica Maxim. It is native to Mongolia and Inner Mongolia (in China). The genus name of Potaninia is in honour of Grigory Potanin (1835–1920), a Russian ethnographer and natural historian. The Latin specific epithet of mongolica means "coming from of Mongolia", where the plant was found. Both the genus and the species were first described and published in Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, séries 3, Vol.27 on page 465 in 1882.

Fritillaria yuzhongensis is a plant species native to China (Gansu, Henan, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shanxi). It grows on open grassy hillsides at elevations of 1,800–3,500 m (5,900–11,500 ft). This is a bulb-producing perennial up to 50 cm (20 in) tall. The leaves are opposite, narrowly lanceolate, up to 10 cm (3.9 in) long. The flowers are nodding, pendent, bell-shaped, yellowish-green with purple markings.

Astragalus discolor is a species of milkvetch in the family Fabaceae.

Tugarinovia is a genus of East Asian flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. Species There is only one known species, Tugarinovia mongolica, native to (Outer) Mongolia and Inner Mongolia. varieties Tugarinovia mongolica var. mongolica Tugarinovia mongolica var. ovatifolia Ling & Ma

Carex cranaocarpa is a sedge that is native to northern parts of China and inner Mongolia. The sedge has a woody, oblique rhizome and tufted smooth and trigonous culms that typically grow to a height of 50 to 80 cm (20 to 31 in). The flat and linear leaves are shorter than the culms and a 3 to 3 mm (0.12 to 0.12 in) wide.

Carex allivescens is a tussock-forming species of perennial sedge in the family Cyperaceae. It is native to northern parts of central China.

Synstemon is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Brassicaceae. It includes a single species, Synstemon petrovii, which is native to northern China.

Gagea chinensis is a Chinese species of plants in the lily family, found only in the Inner Mongolia (Nei Mongol) region of China.

Eleutherococcus brachypus (Chinese: 短柄五加 duan bing wu jia) is a species of flowering plant in the family Araliaceae. It is endemic to China, where it occurs in scrub fields and roadsides on mountain slopes in Gansu, Ningxia, and Shaanxi provinces. This plant contains acetylated stilbenoid glucosides.

Angelica sinensis, commonly known as dong quai (simplified Chinese: 当归; traditional Chinese: 當歸; pinyin: dāngguī; Jyutping: dong1 gwai1; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tong-kui) or female ginseng, is a herb belonging to the family Apiaceae, indigenous to China. A. sinensis grows in cool high altitude mountains in East Asia. The yellowish brown root of the plant is harvested in the fall and used in traditional Chinese medicine. There was previously no scientific evidence that A. sinensis is effective for any medicinal purpose. More recently, there have been further studies, with multiple showing that ASP

Picea crassifolia, the Qinghai spruce, is a species of conifer in the family Pinaceae. It is found only in China.

Rosa davidii also known as Father David's rose, is a rose species in the family Rosaceae, originating from western to central China and South-East Tibet in altitudes between 1600 and 3000 m above sea level.

Ulmus lamellosa, commonly called the Hebei elm, is a small deciduous tree native to four Chinese provinces, Hebei, Henan, Nei Mongol, and Shanxi, to the west and south of Beijing.

Astragalus hoantchy, the Urad huang qi, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, native to China; Gansu, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, and Qinghai. It is widely cultivated for use in Chinese and Mongolian traditional medicine.

Sorbus discolor is a species of flowering plant in the family Rosaceae, native to China. Although it is recorded in wide use as an ornamental tree in the United Kingdom and other countries, it is not; "Sorbus discolor" is a name erroneously applied to Sorbus commixta, the Japanese rowan. Sorbus commixta fruit is bright orange to red, whereas the fruit of Sorbus discolor is white, or possibly dull pink to yellowish-orange.

Allium yanchiense is a plant species endemic to China, reported from Gansu, Hebei, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi and Shanxi. It grows at elevations of 1300–2000 m. Allium yanchiense has clusters of egg-shaped bulbs each up to 20 mm in diameter. Scape is up to 40 cm long, round in cross-section. Leaves are tubular, about 2 mm across, shorter than the scape. Umbel is spherical, crowded with many white or pinkish flowers.

Iris typhifolia is a species in the genus Iris, also the subgenus Limniris and in the series Sibiricae. It is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial, from China. It has slender, twisted leaves, deep green slender hollow stem and 2 violet-blue flowers. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

Iris bungei is a beardless iris in the genus Iris, in the subgenus Limniris and in the series Tenuifoliae of the genus. It is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial, from Mongolia, Tibet and China. It has green leaves, short stem and 2 violet, purple, lavender or blue flowers.

Cotoneaster ambiguus, the dubious cotoneaster, is a flowering plant species in the Rosaceae family, native to central China and Inner Mongolia, and introduced to Belgium and Norway. A shrub of dense forests, it is morphologically intermediate between Cotoneaster moupinensis and C. acutifolius. It is available occasionally from commercial suppliers.