Flora of China Southeast

A mandarin orange (Citrus reticulata), often simply called mandarin, is a small, rounded citrus tree fruit. Treated as a distinct species of orange, it is usually eaten plain or in fruit salads. The mandarin is small and oblate, unlike the roughly spherical sweet orange (which is a mandarin-pomelo hybrid). The taste is sweeter and stronger than the common orange. A ripe mandarin orange is firm to slightly soft, heavy for its size, and pebbly-skinned. The peel is thin and loose, with little white mesocarp, so they are usually easier to peel and to split into segments. Hybrids have these traits

Ginkgo biloba, commonly known as ginkgo ( GINK-oh, -⁠goh), also known as the maidenhair tree, and often misspelled "gingko" (see Etymology below) is a species of gymnosperm tree native to East Asia. It is the last living species in the order Ginkgoales, which first appeared over 290 million years ago. Fossils similar to the living species, belonging to the genus Ginkgo, extend back to the Middle Jurassic epoch about 170 million years ago. The tree was cultivated early in human history, remains commonly planted, and is widely regarded as a living fossil. G. biloba is a long-lived,

Ginkgo is a genus of non-flowering seed plants, assigned to the gymnosperms. The scientific name is also used as the English common name. The order to which the genus belongs, Ginkgoales, first appeared in the Permian, 270 million years ago, and Ginkgo is now the only living genus within the order. The rate of evolution within the genus has been slow, and almost all its species had become extinct by the end of the Pliocene. The sole surviving species, Ginkgo biloba, is found in the wild only in China, but is cultivated around the world. The relationships between ginkgos and other groups of

Pseudolarix amabilis is a species of coniferous tree in the pine family Pinaceae. The species is commonly known as golden larch, but being more closely related to Keteleeria, Abies and Cedrus, is not a true larch (Larix). P. amabilis is native to eastern China, occurring in small areas in the mountains of southern Anhui, Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei and eastern Sichuan, at altitudes of 100–1,500 m (328–4,921 ft). The earliest known occurrences are of compression fossils found in the Ypresian Allenby Formation and mummified fossils found in the Late Eocene Buchanan Lake Formation on

Paeonia × suffruticosa is a group of tree peony cultivars that are the result of hybridization with peony species exclusively belonging to the subsection Vaginatae. The common name used in China is mǔdān (Chinese: 牡丹) or Moutan peony. Cultivars of this group have been cultivated in Chinese floriculture for millennia, initially only as a source of traditional Chinese medicine, particularly for the skin of their roots (牡丹皮; mǔdān pí). Already early on, the plant was also cultivated for its ornamental value, and it is highly revered in Chinese culture. Paeonia × suffruticosa is a perennial

Chrysanthemum × morifolium (also known in the US as florist's daisy, fuji mum and hardy garden mum) is a hybrid species of perennial plant in the genus Chrysanthemum of the family Asteraceae.

Abies beshanzuensis (Baishanzu fir, Baishan fir) is a species of fir (genus Abies) in the family Pinaceae. It is endemic to Mt. Baishanzu in southern Zhejiang province in eastern China, where it grows at 1,850 metres (6,070 ft) altitude and is threatened by collection and climate change. The site is within the Fengyangshan – Baishanzu National Nature Reserve. Abies beshanzuensis is classified as critically endangered by the IUCN Red List. It was discovered in 1963 on the summit of Baishanzu Shan (1,857 m), where only seven trees were found. Three of these were dug up and moved to Beijing

Abies ziyuanensis is a species of fir, a conifer in the family Pinaceae. It is only known from four locations in Guangxi and Hunan provinces in China. A. ziyuanensis is related to Abies beshanzuensis, another threatened fir endemic to China. While the population was in the thousands as recently as the 1970s, there are now thought to be less than 600 trees in existence.

Abies yuanbaoshanensis is a species of fir tree in the family Pinaceae. It is found only in the Yuanbao Mountains within Guangxi province of China. It is a critically endangered species. It is estimated that only 700 trees exist, including saplings

Torreya jackii (Chinese: 长叶榧树; pinyin: fěishù; lit. 'longleaf torreya') is a species of conifer in the family Taxaceae. Common names include Jack's nutmeg tree, longleaf torreya, Jack torreya, and weeping torreya. It is endemic to eastern China, in Zhejiang, Fujian, and Jiangxi provinces. It can be up to 12 metres (39 ft) tall. It is threatened by habitat loss and logging.

Magnolia cylindrica, the Huangshan magnolia (named for Mount Huang, where it can be found naturally), is a species of plant in the family Magnoliaceae. It is endemic to southeastern China (Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian). It is threatened by habitat loss.

Magnolia amoena (common name Tianmu magnolia, so called from Tianmu Mountain where it grows) is a species of plant in the family Magnoliaceae. It is endemic to China. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Tilia miqueliana is a species of linden. In Japan, Tilia miqueliana is among hibakujumoku plants.

Pseudotaxus chienii, known commonly as the whiteberry yew (Chinese: 白豆杉; pinyin: báidòushān; lit. 'white bean conifer'), is a species of plant in the yew family, Taxaceae. It is the sole species in the genus Pseudotaxus, but is closely related to the other yews in the genus Taxus. It is endemic to southern China, occurring in northern Guangdong, northern Guangxi, Hunan, Southwest Jiangxi, and southern Zhejiang. Like other yews, it is a small coniferous shrub or small tree, reaching 2–5 m tall with reddish bark. The leaves are lanceolate, flat, 1–2.6 cm long and 2–3 mm broad, dark green above,

Carpinus putoensis (Putuo hornbeam, Chinese: 普陀鹅耳枥) is a species of plant in the family Betulaceae. It is a small tree, up to 15 metres (49 ft) tall. It is endemic to Zhoushan archipelago in China where it survives as a single tree on Putuo Island. It is monoecious, thereby in principle still able to reproduce sexually in the wild. According to Edward O. Wilson, this is an example of what conservation biologists call "living dead" species.

Primula sinensis, (Chinese: 藏报春; pinyin: zàngbàochūn) or the Chinese primrose, is a flowering plant species in the genus Primula. Primulin is an anthocyanin found in P. sinensis.

Phyllostachys parvifolia is a running bamboo with thick culms that grow tall for a bamboo that endures cold weather.

Magnolia zenii is a species of plant in the family Magnoliaceae. It is endemic to China. Listed as "critically endangered," there were only a few dozen found left of these when the variety was first discovered in China in 1931 according to MEG McCONAHEY writing in THE PRESS DEMOCRAT. As of 2007, only a single population of 18 trees on the north slopes of Baohua Mountain near Zhenjiang had been documented.

Ulmus chenmoui W. C. Cheng, commonly known as the Chenmou, or Langya Mountain elm, is a small deciduous tree from the more temperate provinces of Anhui and Jiangsu in eastern China, where it is found at elevations below 200 m on the Langya Shan and Baohua Shan mountains. The tree was unknown in the West until 1979, when seeds were sent from Beijing to the De Dorschkamp research institute at Wageningen in the Netherlands.

Salvia adiantifolia (Wuyi Mountain sage) is a perennial plant that is native to China, and found growing in forests and in foothills. S. adiantifolia grows on one to a few ascending or erect stems to a height of 30 to 60 cm (12 to 24 in), with mostly basal leaves. Inflorescences are 4-10 flowered verticillasters, mostly in panicles, with a sky blue to white-purple corolla that is 7 to 8 mm (0.28 to 0.31 in).

Phyllostachys aureosulcata, the yellow groove bamboo, is a species of bamboo in the family Poaceae. It is native to the Zhejiang Province of China. It is a running bamboo with a distinctive yellow stripe in the culm groove (or sulcus) that is often grown as an ornamental.

Ostrya rehderiana (Zhejiang hop-hornbeam, Chinese: 天目铁木; lit. 'Tianmu iron tree') is a tree in the Betulaceae family. It can grow up to 15 metres (49 ft) tall. It is endemic to Zhejiang province in China. The wild population apparently consists of only five trees on Tianmu Mountain, and the species is under first-class national protection in China.

Eleutherococcus sieboldianus, the five-fingered aralia or fiveleaf aralia, is a species of flowering plant in the family Araliaceae. It is native to Anhui province in China, and has been introduced to Korea, Japan and the United States. A variegated form is available which only reaches 8 ft (2.4 m).

Clematis lanuginosa is a flowering vine of the genus Clematis. Like many members of that genus, its hybrids are prized by gardeners for their showy flowers. It is endemic to Zhejiang province in eastern China and was first discovered near Ningbo by the plant hunter Robert Fortune in 1850 who sent plants back to England. It was lost to cultivation at about the time of the first world war and thought to be extinct but was rediscovered growing in the same area in 2008. Clematis lanuginosa is a twice-bearing clematis that blooms once in spring and again in summer. In the US it grows best in

Calycanthus chinensis, known as Chinese sweetshrub, is a species of flowering plant in the family Calycanthaceae, native to Southeast China. It was first given a valid scientific name in 1964. It is cultivated as an ornamental flowering shrub, and has been hybridized with two other species in the genus Calycanthus to combine its larger and broader tepalled flowers with their scented and more colourful ones. It has been treated as the only species in the genus Sinocalycanthus.

Bulbophyllum chinense is a species of orchid in section Cirrhopetalum.

Vitis chungii is a polygamo-dioecious species of wild grape native to China (in Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, and Jiangxi provinces) where it is known by the name min gan pu tao, or Fujian Jianxi grape. It is a forest inhabitant, 200–1000 meters above sea-level, on hillsides, in valleys, or other areas having wild, shrubby growth. It bears globular, ruddy-purple berries, 8–10 mm in diameter.

Ulmus gaussenii W. C. Cheng, the Anhui, or hairy, elm, is a medium size deciduous tree whose natural range is restricted to the valleys of the Langya limestone mountains of Chu Xian in Anhui Province, eastern China. The tree was most commonly found on the flood plains, indicating a tolerance of periodic inundation. However, U. gaussenii is now possibly the rarest and most endangered elm species, with only approximately 30 trees known to survive in the wild in 2009. The tree was introduced to the West in 1995, at the Morton Arboretum, Illinois, as part of an evaluation of Chinese elms for

Ulmus elongata, also known as the long raceme elm in the US, is a deciduous tree endemic to broadleaf forests in the eastern provinces of China.

Spiraea cantoniensis is a species of flowering plant in the rose family, Rosaceae. It is sometimes referred to by the common names Reeve's spiraea, bridalwreath spirea, double white may, Cape may or may bush. It is an ornamental plant featured in gardens, it is a shrub growing up to 1.5 metres (4.9 ft) tall with frothy, pompom-like clusters of snow-white flowers borne along arching branches that bloom in May in its native country, hence its common name.