Flora of Italy

Quercus dalechampii is a European species of oak in the family Fagaceae. It is native to southeastern Europe: Bulgaria, Greece and the rest of the Balkan Peninsula, Italy, Austria, Hungary, Slovakia, and the Czech Republic.

Campanula isophylla is a species of plant. The common names of the species include Italian bellflower, star of Bethlehem, falling stars and trailing campanula.

Crocus etruscus (Tuscan crocus) is a species of flowering plant in the genus Crocus of the family Iridaceae, endemic to woodlands of Central Tuscany (Italy). It is a cormous perennial growing to 8 cm (3.1 in) tall. The lilac flowers with purple veining and prominent orange stigmas appear in early spring.

Campanula raineri (Rainer's bellflower, Rainer's harebell) is a species of flowering plant in the genus Campanula of the family Campanulaceae, native to the Swiss and Italian Alps. It is a low-growing herbaceous perennial growing 5–8 cm (2–3 in) tall by up to 20 cm (8 in) wide, with pale lilac bell-shaped flowers in summer. It is suitable for cultivation in the alpinum or rock garden. It spreads by underground runners. Its locus classicus is located in Canzo, Lombardy. This plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

Viola bertolonii is a species of violet known by the common name Bertoloni's pansy, belonging to the Violaceae family.

Arum apulum, known as Apulian arum, is a flowering plant species in the family Araceae.

Crocus imperati is a species of flowering plant in the genus Crocus of the family Iridaceae, endemic to Italy. Its flowering time is winter and early spring. Its features are lilac flowers with a dark purple outside. Its closest relative is Crocus versicolor. It is one of the most debated endemic crocuses in Italy as it has been interpreted by various authors as different species or infraspecific entities.

Centaurea cineraria, the velvet centaurea, also known as dusty miller and silver dust (though these latter two names may also apply to Jacobaea maritima and Silene coronaria), is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae endemic to southern Italy. In natural settings, it grows on coastal cliffs, ranging from 0–350 m above sea level, hence the plant's Italian name, fiordaliso delle scogliere (lit. "cliff cornflower"). Mature plants may reach 80 centimetres (31.5 in) in height. The species produces purple flowers. Centaurea cineraria is taxonomically complicated, with several

Allium insubricum, the Lombardy garlic, is a species of flowering plant endemic to the Lombardy region in northern Italy. It is named for Insubria, the ancient name for the area around present-day Milan. The species is, however, widely cultivated as an ornamental because of its striking flowers. Its locus classicus is located in Canzo. Allium insubricum is a bulbous herbaceous perennial belonging to the genus Allium, which includes all the culinary and ornamental onions and garlic. It grows up to 25 cm (9.8 in) tall. It has flat, linear leaves up to 10 mm across, tapering toward the tip. The

Acer lobelii, known as Lobel's maple or L'Obel's maple, or the Calabrian maple, is a rare species of maple (Acer) in the soapberry family Sapindaceae. It is native to southern Italy. It is named after the Flemish botanist Matthias de l'Obel. The species is closely related to Norway maple (Acer platanoides) and Cappadocian maple (Acer cappadocicum), and has often been treated as a subspecies of either of those, as Acer platanoides subsp. lobelii and Acer cappadocicum subsp. lobelii. More recently, it has been considered to be particularly close to the latter, which has also been confirmed by

Daphne petraea is a shrub, of the family Thymelaeaceae. It is endemic to Italy.

Aquilegia bertolonii, common name Bertoloni columbine or Bertoloni's columbine, is a perennial species of flowering plant in the family Ranunculaceae, native to Italy, southern France, and Slovenia.

Iris marsica is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from the Apennine Mountains, in Italy. It has glaucous, sickle-shaped or curved, light green leaves, slender stem with 2 branches, and 3 violet, light blue violet, dark violet, and dark purple flowers. It was only found and described since 1973, and is not yet in general cultivation. It was once thought to be a form of Iris germanica, but has different morphological characteristics and different chromosomal differences.

Cymbalaria pallida is a purple-flowered plant native only to mountainous parts of Italy. It belongs to the plantain family (Plantaginaceae).

Rhizobotrya is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Brassicaceae. It includes a single species, Rhizobotrya alpina, a perennial native to the southeastern Alps of Italy.

Iris revoluta is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from a small area in Salento, Italy. It has (sword-shaped) or falcate (sickle-shaped) glaucous leaves, tall slender stem with several short branches and 2–4 fragrant flowers in dark violet, purple, violet and pale violet. It is rarely cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

Iris bicapitata is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from the Gargano Peninsula, Italy. It has sickle or pointed leaves, shorter than the flowering stem. It has two flowers, which come in variable shades from yellow, white, lilac, blue and violet. They can also be bi-coloured. It is thought to have been derived from Iris pseudopumila. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

Cerastium utriense is a species of perennial flowering plant in the genus Cerastium, belonging to the family Caryophyllaceae. It was first described in 1988. It is endemic to Italy.

Centaurea gymnocarpa, also known as Capraian cornflower (Italian: fiordaliso di Capraia) or centaury of Capraia, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is a rare species endemic to Italy found only on Capraia, a small island located in the Tuscan Archipelago, with the species being distributed across eight subpopulations on the island's surface. Its natural habitats are Mediterranean-type shrubby vegetation and rocky areas, colonizing in the cracks and fissures of cliffs.

Androsace mathildae is an alpine cushion plant in the family Primulaceae, endemic to the Abruzzo Apennines in Italy. This species is included in Appendix I of the Berne Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats, in Annex II and IV Habitats Directive 92/43 CEE, and is protected under Regional Law n. 45/79 of the Abruzzo Italian Region.

Salix apennina, the Apennine willow, is a species of flowering plant in the family Salicaceae, native to Italy. It is a pioneer species, among the very first to colonize recently denuded stream beds.

Iris relicta is a plant species within the genus Iris, and it belongs to the subgenus Iris as well. This rare rhizomatous perennial originates from the mountains of Italy. It is of medium size, bearing purple flowers adorned with white beards. While it is seldom cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions, its history has been perplexing. Initially mistaken as a variety of Iris germanica, it was later recognized as a distinct species, though it shared a name with another bearded iris. The clarification of its taxonomy only occurred in 1996.

Gagea tisoniana is an Italian species of small bulbous perennial plants lily family. It is found in the central part of the Italian peninsula (Tuscany, Lazio, Umbria, and Marche).

Viola culminis is a plant in the family Violaceae, endemic to Northern Italy where it grows in Lombardy and Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol.

Rhizobotrya is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Brassicaceae. It includes a single species, Rhizobotrya alpina, a perennial native to the southeastern Alps of Italy.

Galium baldense is a plant species in the family Rubiaceae. It is endemic to the mountains of northern Italy, provinces of Lombardia, Trentino-Alto Adige, Veneto, and Friuli-Venezia Giulia.

Aquilegia magellensis is a perennial species of plant in the family Ranunculaceae, native to Italy.

Santolina pinnata, called lavender cotton along with other members of its genus, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, native to northwest Italy. Its putative subspecies Santolina pinnata subsp. neapolitana, the rosemary-leaved lavender cotton, has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

Pinguicula poldinii is a species of insectivorous plant endemic to Val d'Arzino, Italy, where it grows at elevations of 450–550 meters. It is restricted to steep rocks (in a habitat created mainly as a result of disturbance in a construction site) throughout a very small area in which it is threatened by over-collection. It was described in 2001.

Mcneillia graminifolia is a species of flowering plant in the carnation family, Caryophyllaceae. It is a subshrub native to southeastern Europe, including Italy, Sicily, the former Yugoslav countries, Albania, Greece, and Romania.