Flora of Minnesota

Erythronium propullans, the Minnesota dwarf trout lily, Minnesota adder's tongue or Minnesota fawnlily, is a rare plant endemic to the Cannon River and North Fork Zumbro River watersheds in Rice County, Goodhue County and the extreme northern edge of Steele County, Minnesota, in the United States. The plant is closely related to the white trout lily (Erythronium albidum) and is believed to have evolved less than 9,000 years ago. It was listed as an endangered species of the United States under the Endangered Species Act in 1986. The plants flower in the spring at the same time as hepaticas,

Lespedeza leptostachya is a rare species of flowering plant in the legume family known by the common names prairie lespedeza and prairie bush-clover. It occurs in the Upper Midwest region of the United States. The flowers are creamy-white to purplish and arranged into a narrow terminal spikes.

Solidago sciaphilia is known as shadowy goldenrod or cliff goldenrod. The species is endemic to bluffs along the Mississippi River in southern Minnesota, and the driftless area of southwestern Wisconsin, northern Iowa and Illinois. Throughout its range, S. sciaphila is strongly associated with dolomite and sandstone bedrock, especially dry cliffs. It can be similar to Solidago speciosa but has more serrate lower and mid stem leaves and is generally smaller to much smaller when growing in pockets of shallow soil on cliffs. Small plants are similar to Solidago hispida in general appearance.

Artemisia serrata is a North American species in the sunflower family, with the common name serrate-leaved sage or saw-tooth wormwood. It is native to the north-central part of the United States (Iowa, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, North Dakota, with isolated populations in New York State).

Veronica bullii is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common names kittentails and Bull's coraldrops. It is native to the Upper Midwest of the United States, including the states of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, Iowa, and Minnesota.

Symphyotrichum robynsianum (formerly Aster robynsianum) is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae native to northeastern North America. Common names include Robyns's aster, longleaf aster, and long-leaved aster.

Napaea is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the mallow family Malvaceae. The single species is Napaea dioica, a tall perennial herbaceous plant, native to central and eastern USA. Plants are occasionally grown as ornamentals in wildflower gardens. A common name is glade mallow.

Chrysosplenium iowense is a species of flowering plant in the saxifrage family known by the common name Iowa golden-saxifrage. It is native to North America, where it is "primarily a Canadian species", occurring from the northern Northwest Territories south to British Columbia and east to Manitoba. There are also disjunct, relictual occurrences within the United States, in the Driftless Area of Minnesota and Iowa.

Cirsium pumilum var. hillii is a type of thistle endemic to North America. The common name for this plant is Hill's thistle.

Quercus ellipsoidalis, the northern pin oak or Hill's oak, is a North American species of oak tree native to the north-central United States and south-central Canada, primarily in the Great Lakes region and the Upper Mississippi Valley. It most commonly occurs on dry, sandy soils.

Sagittaria cristata, the crested arrowhead, is a perennial herb growing up to 75 centimetres (30 inches) tall. The leaves are flat, long and narrow, not lobed, and up to 40 cm (16 in) long. The flowers are white. The species is native to Ontario and north-central United States (Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Wisconsin, Michigan). It grows in shallow water along the edges of lakes, streams and marshes.

Desmodium illinoense, the Illinois ticktrefoil, is a flowering plant in the bean family (Fabaceae), native to the central United States and Ontario, Canada. Illinois ticktrefoil grows in sunny places, such as prairies and oak savannas of the Great Plains and Great Lakes regions.

Sceptridium rugulosum, also known as the ternate grapefern or the St. Lawrence grapefern, is a species of fern. It is an evergreen, perennial species found in the vicinity of the St. Lawrence Seaway.

Phemeranthus rugospermus is a species of flowering plant in the miner's lettuce family, Montiaceae, known by the common names prairie fameflower, rough-seeded fameflower, sand fameflower, and flower-of-an-hour. It is native to the central United States from Texas and Louisiana north to Nebraska, Minnesota, and Wisconsin. Phemeranthus rugospermus is a perennial herb growing up to 25 centimeters (10 inches) tall with an erect branching or unbranched stem. The cylindrical leaves are up to 6 centimeters (2.4 inches) long. The pink flowers arise on a tall stalk. The capsules contain wrinkly seeds.

Solidago riddellii, known as Riddell's goldenrod, is a North American plant species in the genus Solidago of the family Asteraceae. It grows primarily in the Great Lakes and eastern Great Plains of Canada and the United States. It is sometimes considered part of the genus Oligoneuron, but as a Solidago, included in the section Solidago sect. Ptarmicoidei, the flat-topped goldenrods.

Amorpha nana (dwarf indigo, dwarf indigobush, dwarf false indigo, fragrant indigo-bush, fragrant false indigo, dwarf wild indigo) is a 1–3-foot (30–91 cm) tall perennial shrub in the Pea family (Fabaceae) which is native to North America. It has vibrant green pinnate leaves and clusters of purple flowers. The fruits are small pods. Dwarf false indigo grows in dry prairies and rocky hillsides. Amorpha nana likes rocky and sandy soil. Thomas Nuttall described this species for science in 1813. The species name, nana, is the botanical Latin term for "dwarf".

Carex assiniboinensis, commonly known as the assiniboia sedge, is a species of sedge (Carex) in the section Hymenochlaenae. First described scientifically in 1884 by American botanist William Boott, it is found in Canada and the United States, where it grows in floodplain forests, old river channels, riparian woodlands, and shrub thickets.

Delphinium exaltatum, known by the common name tall larkspur, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Delphinium, part of the buttercup family. Other Delphinium species are also commonly known as tall larkspur, such as Delphinium barbeyi. D. exaltatum is native to the central and eastern United States, where it can be found in Kentucky, Maine, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Maryland, West Virginia, Virginia, North Carolina, Alabama, Tennessee, and Missouri. D. exaltatum is a perennial herb producing a stem up to 2 metres (6.6 ft) tall from a long, thick taproot. The base of the stem may have a

Astragalus neglectus, or Cooper's milkvetch, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae native to northeastern North America.

Hypericum kalmianum, commonly called Kalm's St. Johns wort or Kalm's St. Johnswort, is a flowering plant in the St. John's wort family Hypericaceae. It is native to the Great Lakes region in the northern United States and southern Canada. Hypericum kalmianum was named after its discoverer, Swedish botanist Pehr Kalm (1715–1779).

Asclepias lanuginosa, the woolly milkweed or sidecluster milkweed, is a species of flowering plant in the dogbane family, Apocynaceae, native to central Canada and the upper Midwest United States. It was described in 1818. It is a perennial herb that grows 6–12 inches (15–30 cm) tall.

Smilax illinoensis , the Illinois greenbrier, is a North American species of plants found only in the United States and Canada. It is native primarily to the Great Lakes Region with a few populations further south in Missouri and in the Ohio Valley. Smilax illinoensis is an upright, unbranched herb up to 100 cm (39 inches) tall, with no prickles. It grows in woods and thickets.

Diarrhena obovata, the hairy beakgrain or obovate beakgrain, is a species of flowering plant in the cool-season grass subfamily Pooideae. It is native to the north-central and east-central United States. A perennial reaching 4 ft (1.2 m), it is typically found growing in rich woodlands.

Amaranthus hypochondriacus is an ornamental plant commonly known as Prince-of-Wales feather or prince's-feather. It is called quelite, bledo and quintonil in Spanish.

Callirhoe involucrata is a species of flowering plant in the mallow family known by the common names purple poppy-mallow, winecup and buffalo rose. It is native to the Great Plains of the United States and adjacent areas in northern Mexico. The leaves and stems die back in winter, showing at most a small rosette of green leaves immediately above the root crown.

Spiranthes casei, or Case's lady's tresses, is a species of orchid native to the northeastern United States and Canada.

Platanthera praeclara, known as the western prairie fringed orchid and the Great Plains white fringed orchid, is a rare and threatened species of orchid native to North America.

Mentzelia nuda, the bractless blazingstar, is a species of flowering plant in the family Loasaceae. Native to the plains of the United States east of the Rockies and west of the Mississippi River, it has been introduced to the state of Illinois. It is a perennial reaching 90 cm (3 ft) with cream-colored flowers.

Trichophorum clintonii, the Clinton's bulrush, is a plant species native to Canada and the northeastern United States. It has been reported from Alberta, Saskatchewan, Ontario, Québec, New Brunswick, Maine, New York State, Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota. Trichophorum clintonii is a perennial herb up to 40 centimeters (16 in) tall, forming dense clumps but without rhizomes. Culms are triangular in cross-section. Leaves are up to 25 centimeters (9.8 in) long. The inflorescences is one brown spikelet with three to six flowers. Achenes are flattened triangles about 2 millimeters (0.079 in)

Symphyotrichum firmum (formerly Aster firmus), commonly known as shining aster, shiny-leaved aster, smooth swamp aster, and glossy-leaved aster, is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae native to Canada and the United States.