Flora of Marianas

Bulbophyllum guamense is a species of orchid in the genus Bulbophyllum. It is native to the islands of Guam and Rota in the Mariana Islands.

Serianthes nelsonii is a large tree endemic to Guam and Rota of the Mariana Islands. Only one mature tree existed on Guam (until November 2024, when it was announced it perished to the consequences of deforestation by the U.S. Military and the 2023 Typhoon Mawar), while 121 mature trees have been identified on Rota since 1984. The tree is found in limestone forests in Rota and Guam. It has bipinnately compound leaves and brush-like flowers with long pinkish filaments. Seedpods contain one to seven smooth brown seeds.

Rhaphidophora guamensis is a climbing plant in the family Araceae that is endemic to the island of Guam in the Mariana Islands.

Eugenia palumbis (Chamorro: agate'lang) is a shrub with edible fruits in the family Myrtaceae. It is endemic to the Mariana Islands, including Guam and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.

Dendrobium guamense is a species of epiphytic orchid endemic to Guam and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. It is currently known from nine occurrences totaling 550 individuals across the islands of Guam, Rota, Tinian, and Saipan.

Schleinitzia fosbergii is a species of flowering plant in the legume family known by the common name strand tangantangan. It is native to Guam and other islands in the Mariana Islands chain. This plant is a large shrub generally growing up to 2 meters tall, sometimes becoming treelike and reaching 6 meters. The leaves are made up of a few pairs of pinnae, each of which is lined with several pairs of leaflets up to a centimeter long. The inflorescence is a small globular cluster of tiny white five-petaled flowers which may be bisexual or functionally male. The fruit is a hard, flattened, brown

Osmoxylon mariannense is a rare species of tree in the family Araliaceae. It is endemic to Rota, one of the Northern Mariana Islands. A 2002 survey found only eight mature trees remaining on the island. A resident of the commonwealth, the tree is federally listed as an endangered species of the United States.

Nesogenes rotensis is a rare species of flowering plant in the family Orobanchaceae. It is endemic to Rota, one of the Northern Mariana Islands in the Pacific Ocean. An inhabitant of the commonwealth, it was federally listed as an endangered species of the United States in 2004. This plant has oppositely arranged lance-shaped leaves and white flowers which occur in the leaf axils. It grows on coastal limestone outcrops with several other plants, including nanaso (Scaevola taccada), talisai ganu (Terminalia samoensis), paodedo (Hedyotis strigulosa), and gausali (Bikkia tetrandra). Little else

Hedyotis megalantha is an herb or small shrub in the Rubiaceae family that is endemic to the volcanic soils of southern Guam. The species was described in 1914 by Elmer Drew Merrill.

Discocalyx megacarpa (Chamorro: ottot) is a species of plant in the family Primulaceae. It is endemic to Guam and the islands of Rota and Saipan within the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. It is an understorey shrub, growing to 2 m tall, with lanceolate green leaves, paniculate, cream-coloured, unisexual flowers, and globose, red fruits each containing a single large ribbed seed.

Dischidia puberula is a climbing epiphytic subshrub in the Asclepiadaceae (milkweed) family that is endemic to the Mariana Islands of Guam, Rota and Saipan. There is no known common name.

Callicarpa lamii (Chamorro: hamlag) is a plant in the mint family that is endemic to the Mariana Islands. It is one of two Callicarpa plants endemic to the Mariana Islands, the other being Callicarpa candicans var. paucinervia.

Hedyotis scabridifolia is an herb or small shrub that is endemic to the volcanic soils of the Mariana Islands of Guam, Rota and Saipan.

Terminalia rostrata is a large tree found only on the Mariana Island of Asuncion. It is a part of the "Terminalia and ravine forest" on the western and southwestern slopes of the island, consisting of scattered Terminalia rostrata in association with Premna serratifolia, Morinda citrifolia, Hibiscus tiliaceus, and Pandanus tectorius. This forest type is described as the best-developed forest in the Mariana Islands north of Saipan, owing to its protection on the lee side of the mountain. The leaves of Terminalia rostrata are most similar to Terminalia catappa, but they have soft hairs similar

Leptecophylla mariannensis is a plant in the Ericaceae family (heath or heathers) and is only known to exist on the tiny island of Alamagan in the Mariana archipelago. The species was first collected in 1933 by Japanese botanist, Ryōzō Kanehira, who described it in 1934 as Cyathodes mariannensis in The Botanical Magazine (Tokyo) (植物學雜誌, Shokubutsugaku zasshi). An isotype fragment, also collected in 1933, was named Styphelia mariannensis, and reportedly found in mossy thickets and open places up to 700 meters elevation. Another specimen was collected from Alamagan in 1934 by Japanese botanist,

Drypetes dolichocarpa (Chamorro: mwelel) is a species of tree in the family Putranjivaceae found in the Mariana Islands.

Syzygium thompsonii (Chamorro: atoto) is an endemic tree of the Mariana Islands of Guam, Rota, and Saipan with a striking appearance due to its abundance of white flowers and edible fruit that grow directly from the trunk. It is related to the Malay apple but bears smaller tart fruit.

Piper guahamense, the Guam pepper (Chamorro: pupulun aniti), is a plant in the family Piperaceae, and is endemic to the Mariana Islands.

Bulbophyllum raulersoniae is a species of orchid in the section Codonosiphon. It is endemic to the islands of Guam and Rota in the Marianas Archipelago. The species was named posthumously after Dr. Lynn Raulerson, professor of biology at the University of Guam, who had discovered the species in 1986. After going unnamed for 36 years, the species was first described and named in the OrchideenJournal in 2022 by Banjamin Deloso, Charles Paulino, and Jim Cootes.

Pogostemon guamensis is a rare plant in the Lamiaceae family (sages and mints) that is endemic only to the limestone cliffs surrounding Anderson Airforce Base on the island of Guam. The species was first described in the scientific literature in 2021. Although it is in the same genus as the fragrant herb patchouli (Pogostemon cablin), Pogostemon guamensis is relatively odorless.

Piper salicinum (no known common name) is a plant in the Piperaceae family that is possibly endemic to the Mariana Islands (Guam), although there is some confusion in the literature as to whether it may have been collected from Mexico and Panama. It has not been observed since its initial collection in 1792.

Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) is a species of flowering tree in the mulberry and jackfruit family (Moraceae) believed to have been selectively bred in Polynesia from the breadnut (Artocarpus camansi). Breadfruit was spread into Oceania via the Austronesian expansion and to further tropical areas during the Colonial Era. British and French navigators introduced a few Polynesian seedless varieties to Caribbean islands during the late 18th century. It is grown in 90 countries throughout South and Southeast Asia, islands in the Pacific Ocean and Caribbean Sea, Central America, and Africa. Its

Aglaia mariannensis (Chamorro: mapunyao or mapuñao; Carolinian: fischil liyoos), is a tree endemic to the Mariana Islands, including Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands, with large (about 10–18 cm in length) dark green, glossy pinnately compound leaves, densely arranged on stems. Terminal leaf buds are often orange and fuzzy and look like praying hands. Axillary or terminal flowers arranged in panicles are small, yellowish green and fragrant, smelling of citronella. The fruit is yellow or orange in color, ovoid, and contains one or two coffee-bean-sized seeds. The sparse flesh of the fruit

Heritiera longipetiolata (Chamorro: Ufa-hålomtåno) is a species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae. It is found in Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, and in the Caroline Islands. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Gymnosporia thompsonii (CHamorro: luluhot) is a species of plant in the bittersweet family Celastraceae. It is endemic to the Mariana and Caroline Islands, where it grows as a many-stemmed understory shrub or small tree in karst forests. Its wood is used for fuel and its leaves are used medicinally.

Psychotria hombroniana (Chamorro: aplokating palaon; Chuukese: chimei; Palauan: demedemegur; Pohnpeian: kampaniel) is shrub or tree in the family Rubiaceae that is endemic to the Caroline and Mariana Islands in the northwest Pacific Ocean.

Elaeocarpus joga is a species of tree in the family Elaeocarpaceae. It is native to the Mariana Islands and Palau. It is a moderately-sized tree with blue-coloured, round, 1.5cm diameter fruit and leaves which turn bright red before they reach senescence. In the Chamorro language it is called yoga.

Artocarpus mariannensis (Chamorro: dugdug), also known as the Marianas breadfruit or the seeded breadfruit, is a species of plant in the mulberry / fig family, Moraceae. It is endemic to the Mariana Islands and Guam. It has been utilized extensively by the Micronesian people, being one of the staple food crops that was introduced to other islands in Micronesia.

Wikstroemia elliptica is a shrub, of the family Thymelaeaceae. It is native to Guam and Micronesia.

Xylosma nelsonii is a species of flowering plant in the family Salicaceae, endemically distributed throughout Micronesia.