Flora of Maryland

Symphyotrichum depauperatum (formerly Aster depauperatus), commonly known as serpentine aster or starved aster, is a rare species in the family Asteraceae adapted to serpentine barrens, an ecosystem with a high concentration of toxic metals in the soil. It has been found in Pennsylvania, Maryland, and on some diabase glades in North Carolina. It grows to 50 centimeters (1+3⁄4 feet) and has white ray florets surrounding a center of yellow disk florets.

Alnus maritima ( also known as the seaside alder, delmarva alder, or brook alder) is a species of shrub or small tree in the family Betulaceae. Alnus maritima is endemic to the United States, and is found naturally in three disjunct populations in Oklahoma, Georgia, and in Maryland and Delaware on the Delmarva Peninsula. Alnus maritima is the only autumn-blooming member of the genus Alnus native to North America. All other North American alders bloom in the spring. The autumn-blooming phenology is a characteristic that Alnus maritima shares with two old-world Alnus species, Alnus nitida and

Sedum glaucophyllum, the cliff stonecrop, is a species of Sedum native to the Appalachian Mountains in the eastern United States from West Virginia, Maryland, Virginia and North Carolina. Sedum glaucophyllum is a prostrate, mat-forming evergreen perennial plant forming patches up to 30–40 cm (12–15.5 in) in diameter. The leaves are glaucous green, succulent, rounded, 1–2 cm (0.5–1 in) long and wide, arranged in a dense helix on the stems. The flowers are white, 10–12 mm (0.39–0.47 in) in diameter, with four slender, pointed petals; they are produced in clusters on erect stems up to 10 cm (4

Viola appalachiensis, the Appalachian blue violet, also known as Appalachian violet and Henry's violet is a Viola native to the Appalachian Mountains in the Eastern United States.

Trifolium virginicum, the Kate's Mountain clover, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. It is native to West Virginia and Virginia in the United States, growing mainly on the Piedmont mafic barren, with Kate's Mountain as the type locality. Trifolium virginicum is a symbol of the West Virginia Native Plant Society. T. virginicum can also be found in Maryland and Pennsylvania, where it is considered imperiled or critically imperiled, respectively, by NatureServe.

Rubus originalis a rare North American species of brambles in the rose family. It has been found in the eastern United States (New Jersey, Maryland, West Virginia, and North Carolina). Nowhere is it common. The genetics of Rubus is extremely complex, so that it is difficult to decide on which groups should be recognized as species. There are many rare species with limited ranges such as this. Further study is suggested to clarify the taxonomy.

Packera antennariifolia, the shale barren ragwort, is a species of the genus Packera and family Asteraceae. It is endemic to Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and West Virginia. It is found in the Appalachian Mountains.

Liatris helleri is a species of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae known by the common names Heller's blazing star and Heller's gayfeather. It is native to the Appalachian Mountains of the southeastern United States, found in the states of North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia, and Maryland. It is threatened by recreational activities in its habitat, and is federally listed as a threatened species. Liatris helleri is a perennial herb which grows up to about half a meter (20 inches) in height from a spherical corm. The leaves are variable in shape, from linear to lance-shaped, and

Taenidia montana, the mountain pimpernel, is a herbaceous flowering perennial from the family Apiaceae. It is native to the Eastern United States (Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Virginia, and Maryland).

Tiarella cordifolia, the heart-leaved foamflower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Saxifragaceae. The specific name cordifolia means "with heart-shaped leaves", a characteristic shared by all taxa of Tiarella in eastern North America. It is also referred to as Allegheny foamflower, false miterwort, and coolwort. Historically, the name Tiarella cordifolia has referred to the one and only species of Tiarella in eastern North America, but in 2021, the species was split into multiple taxa, which caused the name to have a different meaning. For clarity, the qualified name Tiarella

Phacelia covillei (Coville's phacelia, buttercup scorpionweed) is a North American species of annual forbs in the family Hydrophyllaceae. It is native to the eastern and central United States in scattered locations from Missouri to Maryland and North Carolina.

Bidens bidentoides (formerly Diodonta bidentoides), commonly called swamp beggar's-ticks and delmarva beggarticks, is an annual, herbaceous, flowering plant in the Asteraceae family. It is native to the northeastern and east-central parts of the United States, the coastal plain of the States of Maryland, Delaware, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey plus the region around the Hudson River estuary in New York.

Antennaria virginica is a North American species of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae known by the common names shalebarren pussytoes. It grows on Devonian shale in the eastern United States. It is found in central Appalachian Mountains of Pennsylvania, Maryland, West Virginia, and Virginia, with a few populations in eastern Ohio. Antennaria virginica grows up to 25 cm (10 inches) tall, spreading by horizontal stems that run along the surface of the ground. Male and female flower heads are borne on separate plants. One plant can have several heads in a flat-topped array.

Spiranthes bightensis, the Atlantic ladies tresses, is a terrestrial orchid native to coasts of the north-eastern United States.

Lithospermum molle, the softhair marbleseed, is a species of flowering plant in the forget-me-not family. This species is a narrow endemic, native primarily to the Nashville Basin of Tennessee, where it is found in limestone prairies near cedar glades. There are disjunct populations in similar habitats in the Ozark Mountains of Missouri, in northwest Alabama, in Logan and Warren County, Kentucky as well as other small areas of Tennessee. Outside of Tennessee, it is very rare and perhaps no longer exists in Alabama and Kentucky due to habitat destruction. Because of its highly restricted

Platanthera shriveri, Shriver's purple fringed orchid, is a rare orchid endemic to the United States. It is considered critically imperiled.

Callisia graminea, called the grassleaf roseling, is a plant species native from the southeastern United States to the lower Eastern Seaboard. It has been reported in Florida, Georgia, North and South Carolina, Virginia and Maryland. It grows on sandy soil in thickets, pine barrens, and disturbed sites. Callisia graminea is an erect to trailing perennial herb growing in clumps. Leaves are narrow and linear, up to 17 mm (0.7 inches) long, with a basal sheath wrapping around the stem. Flowers are pink to rose-colored.

Chrysogonum virginianum, the golden-knee, green and gold, or goldenstar, is a North American species of plants in the family Asteraceae. It is native to the eastern United States from New York State and Rhode Island south to Louisiana and the Florida Panhandle. The species is sometimes grown as a perennial ornamental because of its showy flowers. It is usually propagated by root cuttings. Varieties Formal botanical varieties of wild populations: Chrysogonum virginianum var. australe (Alexander ex Small) H.E.Ahles - Florida, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana Chrysogonum virginianum var.

Asarum virginicum, commonly known as Virginia heartleaf, is a prostrate perennial plant in the Aristolochiaceae (birthwort family). It is found in the mideastern United States from Maryland and Virginia in the north, south to North Carolina and Tennessee. The plant is encountered in deciduous and mixed forests. Its flowers emerge in early spring from April through June.

Hieracium traillii is a species of hawkweed known by the common name Maryland hawkweed. Hieracium traillii grows in the eastern United States, primarily in the central Appalachian Mountains of Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia, with some populations farther west in Ohio and Kentucky. Hieracium traillii is a small hawkweed forming a basal rosette of densely hairy gray-green leaves, each up to 8 centimeters (3.2 inches) long and some with toothed edges. It bolts a thin, hairy stem which reaches 60 centimeters (2 feet) tall. The stem bears an inflorescence of several flower

Rhododendron atlanticum, the dwarf azalea or coastal azalea, is a species of Rhododendron native to coastal areas of the eastern United States, from New Jersey south to Georgia. It is a very tough plant, responding to overgrazing or forest fires by generating new shoots.

Salvia urticifolia (nettleleaf sage, nettle-leaved sage, wild sage) is a herbaceous perennial native to the southeastern United States. S. urticifolia is an erect plant that reaches 20 to 70 cm (7.9 to 27.6 in) tall. Flowers, with a corolla that is approximately 1.2 cm (0.47 in) long, are blue or purple (occasionally white), growing in panicles on short pedicels. The lower lip has three lobes, with a pair of white marks coming from the throat. The leaves are crenate—similar to the leaves of Urtica species.

Micranthemum micranthemoides (syn. Hemianthus micranthemoides), commonly known as Nuttall's mudflower is an extinct species of subaquatic Micranthemum that previously inhabited wet areas from Virginia to New York. It is commonly misidentified as a similar species, Micranthemum glomeratum, in aquascaping.

Gentiana autumnalis, the pine barren gentian, is a 1–2 ft (30–61 cm) tall species of flowering plant in the family Gentianaceae. It is native to eastern North America coastal pinebarrens from New Jersey to South Carolina.

Muhlenbergia torreyana is a species of grass known by the common names New Jersey muhly, Torrey's muhly, pinebarren smokegrass, and Torrey's dropseed. It is native to the eastern United States, where today it occurs in Maryland, New Jersey, North Carolina, and Tennessee. It has been extirpated from Delaware, Georgia, and New York. This rhizomatous perennial grass produces compressed, blue-green stems up to 75 centimeters tall. The stiff, sharp-pointed leaves are up to 20 centimeters in length. The inflorescence is a cylindrical panicle of tiny purple flowers. Flowering occurs in August

Draba ramosissima, the branched draba, is a species of flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae. It has a restricted range, being found only on calcareous cliffs of the Appalachian Mountains, the Kentucky River Palisades, and Middle Tennessee. It is a small perennial herb with racemes of white flowers in the spring.

Anemonoides lancifolia (formerly known as Anemone lancifolia), the lanceleaf anemone or mountain thimbleweed, is an herbaceous plant species in the family Ranunculaceae. The genus occurs in the Southeastern United States. Plants grow 20 to 30 cm tall, growing from a horizontally-orientated rhizome, flowering mid-spring to early summer. The flowers have white sepals that are 12–20 mm long. This species much resembles Anemonoides quinquefolia, of which it was formerly considered a subspecies, except that it is larger growing. After flowering, fruits called achenes are formed in a small cluster;

Eurybia compacta, commonly known as the slender aster, is an herbaceous perennial native to the eastern United States from New Jersey to Georgia. It is commonly found along the coastal plain in dry sandy soils, especially in pinelands. While it is not considered to be in high danger of extinction, it is of conservation concern and has most likely been extirpated from much of its original range. The slender aster was for a long time considered to be a variety of E. surculosa, but Guy Nesom's recent research within the genus has shown that it is distinct enough to be treated as a species. It

Liatris pilosa (syn. Liatris graminifolia), the grass-leaf blazingstar, sandhills blazing star (a name it shares with Liatris cokeri), shaggy blazing star, or shaggy gayfeather, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is native to the US states of Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Maryland, Delaware, Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina, east of the Appalachian Mountains. A perennial reaching 4 ft (1.2 m), it is typically found in open woodlands or forest edges, at the edges of salt marshes, and in dune depressions.

Eupatorium godfreyanum, commonly called Godfrey’s thoroughwort, is a North American species of plants in the family Asteraceae. It is found in the east-central United States, primarily from Pennsylvania to North Carolina, with a few isolated populations west of the Appalachians in Ohio, Kentucky, and Tennessee. Chromosomal analysis suggests that E. godfreyanum originated as a hybrid between E. rotundifolium and E. sessilifolium. Eupatorium godfreyanum does, however, reproduce on its own and can be found in areas where neither parent species is present. Thus it deserves full recognition as a