Flora of Norfolk Island

Araucaria heterophylla (synonym A. excelsa) is a species of conifer. As its vernacular name Norfolk Island pine (or Norfolk pine) implies, the tree is endemic to Norfolk Island, an external territory of Australia located in the Pacific Ocean between New Zealand and New Caledonia. It is not a true pine, which belong to the genus Pinus in the family Pinaceae, but instead is a member of the genus Araucaria in the family Araucariaceae, which also contains the hoop pine and the monkey-puzzle tree. Members of Araucaria occur across the South Pacific, especially concentrated in New Caledonia (about

Howea forsteriana, the Kentia palm, thatch palm or palm court palm, is a species of flowering plant in the palm family, Arecaceae, endemic to Lord Howe Island in Australia. It is also widely grown on Norfolk Island. It is a relatively slow-growing palm, eventually growing up to 10 m (33 ft) tall by 6 m (20 ft) wide. Its fronds can reach 3 m (10 ft) long. The palm gets its common name from the capital of Lord Howe Island, Kentia, and the genus name, Howea, from the island itself. The species name forsteriana is after Johann Reinhold Forster and Georg Forster, father and son, who accompanied

Howea is a genus of two palms, H. belmoreana and H. forsteriana, both endemic to Lord Howe Island, Australia. H. forsteriana in particular is commonly grown as an indoor plant in the Northern Hemisphere, and the two species form the mainstay of the island's palm seed industry and more importantly its trade in newly germinated seedlings. The palms are also cultivated on Norfolk Island, where seeds are produced for export.

Streblorrhiza was a monotypic genus of legumes in the family Fabaceae. Its only species was Streblorrhiza speciosa, a perennial shrub endemic to Phillip Island. It is now presumed extinct. The plant was first described by Stephan Endlicher in 1833, using two specimens collected by Ferdinand Bauer as the type for a new monotypic genus. One of these is the only known fruiting specimen. The species became extinct in 1860 in its native habit, but the plant was known to have been cultivated. An appeal was made in 2007 to discover the plant in historic gardens. The species was declared extinct

Howea belmoreana, the curly palm, kentia palm, or Belmore sentry palm, is a species of flowering plant in the family Arecaceae, endemic to Lord Howe Island, Australia. It and Howea forsteriana probably evolved from a common ancestor through sympatric speciation. The canopy of a mature kentia palm tree spreads 5–10 ft (2–3 m) in diameter and contains roughly 36 leaves. Howea belmoreana has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

Hibiscus insularis, the Phillip Island hibiscus, is a species of flowering plant in the mallow family Malvaceae, that is endemic to Phillip Island, a small island to the south of Norfolk Island, South Pacific. The entire natural extent of this species is just two small clumps, and each clump apparently consists of multiple separate stems of a single genotype. It has been propagated and planted more widely on Phillip Island, but only vegetatively which does not increase the genetic diversity. Seedlings apparently have not been observed in the wild. It produces greenish-yellow flowers that fade

Abutilon julianae is a small shrub of the genus Abutilon believed endemic to Norfolk Island and nearby Phillip Island.

Dietes robinsoniana, the Lord Howe wedding lily, is found naturally only on Lord Howe Island, Australia. It grows on cliff faces, often in exposed locations. It is also Found on forest margins and the tops of Mount Gower and Mount Lidgbird and behind the beaches on Lord Howe Island. It is one of the world's most intriguing and remarkable biogeographic disjunctions, with its nearest phylogenetic relatives occurring in Africa. This is the largest plant in the genus Dietes. It does not tolerate cold temperatures. It is an uncommon plant, though it may be locally abundant in certain sites.

Dendrobium moorei, commonly known as the drooping cane orchid, is a species of epiphytic or lithophytic orchid in the family Orchidaceae and is endemic to Lord Howe Island. It has cylindrical pseudobulbs, leathery, dark green leaves and between two and fifteen small, white drooping flowers that do not open widely.

Bulbophyllum argyropus, commonly known as the silver strand orchid, is a species of epiphytic or sometimes lithophytic orchid that is endemic to eastern Australia, including Lord Howe and Norfolk Islands. It has crowded pseudobulbs, tough, dark green leaves and up to four small whitish to yellowish flowers with an orange labellum.

Melaleuca howeana, commonly known as tea tree, is a plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to the Lord Howe Island group, 600 km (400 mi) off the east coast of Australia. It is common in exposed areas, on cliffs and ridges, occasionally forming pure stands. Its closest mainland relative is Melaleuca ericifolia.

Hedyscepe canterburyana, the big mountain palm or umbrella palm, is the sole species in the genus Hedyscepe of the family Arecaceae. It is endemic to Lord Howe Island, Australia and is threatened by habitat loss. It is a solitary palm with a distinct crownshaft, and bears unisexual flowers of both sexes. With the Rhopalostylis palms of Norfolk Island and New Zealand it forms the botanic subtribe Rhopalostylidinae. If differs from Rhopalostylis in minor floral details including having more than six stamens, and in being protandrous rather than protogynous. The two genera were formerly included

Achyranthes arborescens (common names - Chaff tree, Soft-wood) is a plant in the Amaranthaceae family endemic to Norfolk Island. It is a critically endangered species under the Australian Federal government's Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act.

Syzygium fullagarii, commonly known as the scalybark, is a relatively large tree in the family Myrtaceae. It is found only on Lord Howe Island. It grows to 20 metres (66 feet) tall, up to an altitude of 400 metres above sea level in sheltered areas, often in rainforest. The bark is reddish brown, usually flaking to the touch. The base of the tree is often heavily buttressed. Known for many years as Cleistocalyx fullagarii, however, in recent times it has been placed in the large genus Syzygium.

Solanum bauerianum, also known as bridal flower, is an extinct species in the plant family Solanaceae. It was endemic to Lord Howe Island and Norfolk Island. Convict artist John Doody painted this species around 1792 and commented that it would be a great acquisition for greenhouses in England. Ferdinand Bauer collected the type specimen in 1804. This species was last collected on Norfolk Island in 1830 by Allan Cunningham.

Psychotria carronis, commonly known as the black grape, is a flowering plant in the coffee family. The specific epithet honours William Carron (1823–1876) who collected plants on Lord Howe Island for the Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney.

Pandanus forsteri, commonly known as forky-tree or forkedy-tree, is a flowering plant in the screwpine family. The specific epithet honours either Johann Forster or Georg Forster, father and son German botanists, who accompanied James Cook as naturalists on his second voyage (1772–1775).

Lepidorrhachis is a monotypic genus of flowering plant in the palm family restricted to Lord Howe Island. The genus name for the single, monoecious species, Lepidorrhachis mooreana, comes from two Greek word meaning "scale" and "rachis", and the epithet honors Charles Moore, first director of the Sydney Botanical Gardens. The common name is Little Mountain Palm.

Diplazium melanochlamys is a ground fern only found on Lord Howe Island in the relatively remote Pacific Ocean between Australia and New Zealand. A common plant growing in forest. Most often seen on the southern half of the island. It can be seen between sea level and the summits of Mount Gower and Mount Lidgbird. The fronds are up to a metre long, and 60 cm wide. It may develop a trunk of up to 50 cm tall. The covering of the sori is a shining dark brown, almost black.

Dianella intermedia, is a perennial herb of the family Asphodelaceae, subfamily Hemerocallidoideae, found in the Australian territories of Lord Howe Island and Norfolk Island. It was first described by Stephan Endlicher in 1833. It grows to 2 feet with pale violet flowers followed by turquoise berries.

Cyathea howeana is a fern in the family Cyatheaceae. The specific epithet refers to Lord Howe Island, the locality in Australia to which it is endemic.

Coprosma baueri is an endangered shrub species in the plant family Rubiaceae. It is endemic to Norfolk Island, including nearby Phillip Island. Convict artist John Doody drew this species in 1792, its first record. He noted it grew only where exposed to the sea and was seldom taller than 3.7 m. He also recorded that its fruit are good to eat. Ferdinand Bauer collected the type specimen in 1804–05. In 2003 only about 228 mature plants were known. By 2009 Mills reported the number of plants on Phillip Island had increased to 446, about 170 of which were taller than one metre. Until rabbits were

Xylosma parvifolia, generally known as mountain xylosma, is a species of flowering plant in the family Salicaceae. It is a shrub endemic to Lord Howe Island.

Xylosma maidenii, commonly known as the ship tree or shitum wood is a small tree in the genus Xylosma of the family Salicaceae, endemic to the lowland forests of Australia's Lord Howe Island in the Tasman Sea. The male and female trees are separate, and flower from December to May. The flowers are small and lead to purple/black fruit that comes directly off twigs. When cut, the timber gives off a foul odour.

Wahlenbergia insulae-howei is a flowering plant in the bellflower family. The specific epithet alludes to Lord Howe Island, where it is found.

Sophora howinsula, commonly known as lignum vitae or Lord Howe kowhai, is a flowering plant in the legume family. The specific epithet refers to the island to which the species is endemic.

Parsonsia howeana is a vigorous twining vine of the family Apocynaceae. It is endemic to Australia’s subtropical Lord Howe Island in the Tasman Sea. It is common in the island's forests at low elevations.

Metrosideros sclerocarpa, commonly known as the mountain rose, is a flowering plant in the family Myrtaceae. It is endemic to Lord Howe Island.

Metrosideros nervulosa, commonly known as the mountain rose, is a species of flowering plant in the family Myrtaceae. It is endemic to Lord Howe Island in the Tasman Sea, part of the Australian state of New South Wales. It occurs in shrubland or low forest, mainly at altitudes of 300–875 m on the main peaks of the island. It prefers sunny positions on exposed ridges or in the forest canopy.

Meryta latifolia, commonly known as broad-leaved meryta or shade tree, is an evergreen tree endemic to Norfolk Island, Australia, where it occurs in subtropical moist forest conditions.