Flora of Nicaragua

Zea nicaraguensis is an annual, true grass species in the genus Zea. It is considered to be phenotypically the most distinctive, as well as the most threatened teosinte. This teosinte thrives in flooded conditions along 200 m of a coastal estuarine river in northwest Nicaragua at the Reserva Natural de Apacunca. Virtually all populations of teosinte are either threatened or endangered with Z. nicaraguensis being the most endangered, it survives as about 6000 plants in an area of 200 x 150 m. The Mexican and Nicaraguan governments have taken action in recent years to protect wild teosinte

Carpotroche caceresiae is a species of plant in the genus Carpotroche. C. caceresiae has been collected from very wet undisturbed forest on the Caribbean coast of Honduras and Nicaragua, at elevations of up to 600 m (2,000 ft) although it may exist in other areas of Honduras as well as Guatemala. C. caceresiae is named in memory of Berta Isabel Cáceres, one of 123 environmental activists assassinated between 2009 and 2016 in retaliation for their opposition to environmental destruction and loss of indigenous land in Honduras.

Casearia williamsiana is a species of flowering plant in the family Salicaceae. It is endemic to Honduras.

Viburnum hondurense is a species of plant in the Adoxaceae family. It is endemic to Honduras.

Dracontium gigas (syn. Godwinia gigas) is a herbaceous rainforest plant in the family Araceae, native to Costa Rica and Nicaragua. It resembles the Old World species Amorphophallus titanum but has a spadix that is shorter than the spathe, and an inflorescence that reaches up to 85 cm (33 in) in height; the inflorescence gives off a disgusting carrion-like smell. The leaf can grow up to 3.5 m (11 ft) high (the record is 4.3 m (14 ft)) and 2.5 m (8 ft 2 in) wide. While the petiole of A. titanum can be 30 cm (12 in) or more thick, that of D. gigas is only 5–9.5 cm thick. This species was

Ocotea jorge-escobarii is a species of plant in the family Lauraceae. It is a tree endemic to Honduras and Nicaragua in Central America. The IUCN Red List assesses it as Least Concern.

Lonchocarpus yoroensis is a species of plant in the family Fabaceae. It is a tree native to Honduras and Nicaragua.

Jatropha costaricensis is a rare species of flowering plant in the euphorb family known by the common name Costa Rican jatropha. It is native to Costa Rica, Guatemala and Nicaragua. First discovered in 1974 and described to science in 1978, this species was added to the endangered species list of the United States in 1984 because it was in danger of extinction and was not protected under any Costa Rican or international laws. At that time there was only one population known, located near Playas del Coco in Guanacaste Province, Costa Rica.

Columnea rubricaulis is a species of Gesneriaceae that is native to Honduras and Nicaragua.

Anthurium subsignatum is a species of Anthurium in Costa Rica and Nicaragua.

Specklinia guanacastensis is a species of orchid plant native to Costa Rica.

Maianthemum monteverdense is a perennial flowering plant of restricted distribution. It grows as an epiphyte on trees in high cloud forests of 1600 m + elevation from Nicaragua to Costa Rica.

Ternstroemia landae is a species of plant in the Pentaphylacaceae family. It is endemic to Honduras.

Specklinia chontalensis is a species of orchid plant native to Nicaragua.

Rubus macrogongylus is a Mesoamerican species of brambles in the rose family. It grows in the State of Chiapas in southern Mexico as well as in the Central American nations of Guatemala and Nicaragua. Rubus macrogongylus is an arching shrub up to 250 cm tall, with wool and curved prickles. Leaves are compound with 3 leathery leaflets. Fruits are black.

Hypericum matudae is a species of flowering plant of the St. John's wort family Hypericaceae. It is a shrub that grows about 2 meters (6 ft 7 in) tall, has small and crowded branches, and has pink or white petals. Described in 1944 and named for botanist Eizi Matuda, the species was at one point named Thornea matudae because of its placement in the small genus Thornea. It was returned to Hypericum when Thornea was demoted to sectional status in 2016. Native to Nicaragua and Mexico, the species is found on shale and sandstone in the cloud forest ecosystem.

Aechmea mariae-reginae is a species in the genus Aechmea. endemic to Central America (Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras). This is one of the few Bromelioideae species that is dioecious, and is the only species in its genus with this trait.

Weberocereus tunilla is an epiphytic cactus native to Costa Rica, Nicaragua and Panama. It is the type species of Weberocereus. Its flower emits an unpleasant musky smell after opening and is pollinated by bats. The flowers are an example of flagelliflory.

Rufodorsia is a genus of epiphytic flowering plants in the family Gesneriaceae. The genus name refers to the reddish back of the upper lobes of the flower. It is native to montane cloud forest in Central America.

Roystonea dunlapiana, commonly known as yagua or cabiche, is a species of palm which is native to Mexico, Nicaragua and Honduras. It is the only species in the genus Roystonea which is absent from the insular Caribbean.

Leucaena salvadorensis is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. It is found in the tropical parts of El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. It was first published in N.L.Britton & al. (eds.), N. Amer. Fl. vol.23 (Issue 2) on page 125 in 1928.

Epiphyllum grandilobum is an epiphytic species of cactus native to Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Panama. This species occurs in elevations of 20 to 1100 m in continuously declining forest habitats, which are threatened by housing and urban areas, tourism and recreational areas, in addition to annual and perennial non-timber crops. The populations are severely fragmented. International trade is restricted to the terms of CITES appendix II, in order to prevent poaching of wild populations. One source suggests the species is also found in Guatemala.

Zamia neurophyllidia is a species of plant in the family Zamiaceae. The original description was based on specimens found in Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Panama. A more recent re-characterization of Z. neurophyllidia is based on a population found in the type locality in Bocas del Toro Province, Panama. It is part of the Zamia skinneri species complex.

Quercus brenesii is a species of plant in the family Fagaceae. It is endemic to Costa Rica. It is placed in section Lobatae.

Monstera tenuis (common name Chirravaca) is a species of flowering plant in the family Araceae. It is native to Central America, from Nicaragua to Panama. It grows in wet tropical habitats below 1,600 meters (5,200 ft). Like many others in its genus, like Monstera dubia, the plant starts life on the forest floor and then as a root climber climbs tree trunks to a height of 30 metres in a shingling fashion with leaves tightly appressed to the surface of the trunk. When it reaches a sufficient height, the leaf morphology dramatically changes to pinnate in nature, and it develops very long aerial

Inga stenophylla is a species of plant in the family Fabaceae. It is found only in Costa Rica.

Utricularia praetermissa is a medium-sized epiphyte or terrestrial carnivorous plant that belongs to the genus Utricularia. U. praetermissa is endemic to Central America, where it is found in Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Panama. It was originally published and described by Peter Taylor in 1977. It grows on wet trees and banks in cloud forests at altitudes from 1,000 m (3,281 ft) to 2,800 m (9,186 ft). It flowers between July and October.

Trichocentrum splendidum is a species of orchid endemic to Guatemala.

Philodendron pterotum, the winged philodendron (a name it shares with other members of its genus), is a species of flowering plant in the family Araceae. It is native to southern Central America. A climber with an unusual leaf structure for philodendrons, it is typically found in wet tropical forests.

Philodendron davidsonii is a flowering plant belonging to the genus Philodendron. It was first described by Thomas Bernard Croat.