Flora of Ontario

Amelanchier × lamarckii, also called juneberry, serviceberry or shadbush, is a large deciduous flowering shrub or small tree in the family Rosaceae.

Iris × robusta, called the Windermere iris, is a hybrid species of flowering plant in the family Iridaceae. Its parents are Iris versicolor and Iris virginica, both of which are native to North America. Wild populations have been found in Michigan and Ontario, and it has been introduced into Great Britain. It is a rhizomatous perennial, characterised by its violet-blue flowers and purple-flushed foliage. It has a number of cultivars, including 'Gerald Darby', 'Mountain Brook', 'Purple Fan' and 'Nutfield Blue'. Its cultivar 'Dark Aura' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of

Iris lacustris, the dwarf lake iris, is a plant species in the genus Iris, subgenus Limniris and in the section Lophiris (crested irises). It is a rhizomatous, beardless perennial plant, native to the Great Lakes region of eastern North America. It has lavender blue or violet-blue flowers, a very short stem and long fan-like green leaves. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions. It is closely related to Iris cristata (another North American crested iris).

Tetraneuris herbacea is a rare species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common names eastern fournerved daisy, lakeside daisy, fournerved starflower, and Manitoulin gold. It is native to and endemic to the Great Lakes region in North America, where it is present in Ontario, Ohio, Michigan, and Illinois. It is threatened by habitat destruction and degradation by several forces, including limestone quarrying, recreational activity, fire suppression, and construction. It is a federally listed threatened species of the United States and of Canada.

Solidago houghtonii is a rare North American species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known as Houghton's goldenrod. It is native to southern Ontario, Canada and the northern United States (Michigan and New York). It is threatened by the loss and degradation of its habitat. It is a federally listed threatened species of the United States and it is designated a species of special concern by Canada's Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada.

Amelanchier sanguinea, known as red-twigged shadbush or roundleaf serviceberry, is a shrub native to eastern and central North America. Its native range stretches from New Brunswick to Saskatchewan south as far as northern Georgia. It is most common in eastern Canada, the northeastern United States, and the Great Lakes region. Amelanchier sanguinea is a shrub that can grow up to 3 metres (9.8 ft) tall, and has edible sweet-flavored fruits that are red when young and become purple or dark-blue when they ripen. Like all Amelanchier fruit, these resemble berries, but are technically pomes.

Carex juniperorum, the juniper sedge, is a perennial flowering plant native to North America, first described by botanist William J. Crins in 1993. C. juniperorum is in the Cyperaceae (sedge) family, and is closely related to C. jamesii and C. willdenowii. It is commonly called juniper sedge as it is often seen growing in areas with red cedar (Juniperus virginiana), though the presence of cedar is not necessarily a requirement for it to grow.

Acer × freemanii, Freeman's maple or Freeman maple, is a naturally occurring hybrid maple that is the result of a cross between Acer rubrum (red maple) and Acer saccharinum (silver maple). Wild specimens are found in eastern North America where the parent species overlap. The species is named after Oliver M. Freeman of the U.S. National Arboretum who hybridized A. rubrum with A. saccharinum in 1933. The fall foliage is a striking orange-red. It has many commercially available cultivars and is frequently used as a street tree.

Cirsium pitcheri, sometimes called Pitcher's thistle or dune thistle, is a species of thistle native to sand dune shorelines along the upper Great Lakes. It is native to Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, and Ontario. It is listed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service as a threatened species.

Potamogeton ogdenii, common name Ogden's pondweed, is a perennial plant native to North America.

Crataegus persimilis is a species of hawthorn, known by the common names plumleaf hawthorn and broad-leaved cockspur thorn, native to southern Ontario, Canada, and the US states of New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Kentucky, West Virginia, and Virginia. It is widely cultivated, particularly in Europe, as an ornamental. Its sporadic distribution in its natural range and certain of its morphological characters leads authorities to consider it a probable naturally occurring hybrid, with its most likely parents being Crataegus succulenta (fleshy hawthorn) and Crataegus crus-galli (cockspur hawthorn).

Crataegus pennsylvanica, known as the Pennsylvania thorn, is a species of hawthorn native to Delaware, New York, North Carolina, Ontario, Ohio, and Pennsylvania, that grows to about 8 m in height. The mature trees have few thorns. This species has often been confounded with C. mollis, but the two species have separate native ranges except for an area of overlap in northeastern Ohio.

Gratiola quartermaniae, commonly known as the Quarterman's hedge-hyssop or limestone hedge-hyssop, is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family. It is native to eastern North America. This species has a highly fragmented range. It is most common in the Interior Low Plateaus of Alabama and Tennessee. There are disjunct populations in the Edwards Plateau of Texas, northern Illinois, the Pennyroyal Plain of Kentucky, and to southern Ontario. In each of these wide-ranging locations it is found on areas of pooling water over flat limestone outcrops, in habitats such as cedar glades and

Solidago ohioensis is a North American plant species in the family Asteraceae, called the Ohio goldenrod. It is found primarily in the Great Lakes region of Canada and the United States, in Ontario, New York, Ohio, Michigan, Wisconsin, Indiana, and Illinois. Solidago ohioensis is a perennial herb up to 100 cm (39 inches) tall. The leaves are narrow, up to 25 cm (10 inches) long. One plant can produce as many as 500 small yellow flower heads in a compact branching array at the top of the plant. The plant grows in marshes, on sand dunes, and along the banks of rivers.

Symphyotrichum robynsianum (formerly Aster robynsianum) is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae native to northeastern North America. Common names include Robyns's aster, longleaf aster, and long-leaved aster.

Sanguisorba annua is a species of flowering plant in the rose family known by the common names annual burnet and prairie burnet. It is native to North America, including many areas in western and central Canada and the United States. It can be found in several types of habitat, including grassland, sagebrush, and disturbed areas. It is an annual or biennial herb producing a leafy, mostly erect stem up to about 90 centimeters in maximum height. The leaves are composed of several pairs of leaflets, each leaflet oval in shape and usually divided into lobes, sometimes deeply, the lobes becoming

Salicornia maritima, the sea glasswort or slender glasswort, is a succulent, salt-tolerant plant found along the eastern coast of North America, including Maine and New Brunswick. It produces flowers towards late summer or beginning of fall. This plant is sometimes mistaken for Salicornia depressa.

Salix calcicola, known as limestone willow or woolly willow, is a species of willow native to the subarctic and Arctic regions of Canada, including Nunavut Islands, continental Nunavut, northern Quebec, Labrador. Arctic islands: Baffin, King William, Southampton, and Coats (Boothia Peninsula). It is a low growing shrub with usually ovate leaves and catkins that emerge in the early spring before the leaves emerge. The species has been treated as subspecies of Salix lanata, but it is not proven.

Cirsium pumilum var. hillii is a type of thistle endemic to North America. The common name for this plant is Hill's thistle.

Quercus ellipsoidalis, the northern pin oak or Hill's oak, is a North American species of oak tree native to the north-central United States and south-central Canada, primarily in the Great Lakes region and the Upper Mississippi Valley. It most commonly occurs on dry, sandy soils.

Sagittaria cristata, the crested arrowhead, is a perennial herb growing up to 75 centimetres (30 inches) tall. The leaves are flat, long and narrow, not lobed, and up to 40 cm (16 in) long. The flowers are white. The species is native to Ontario and north-central United States (Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Wisconsin, Michigan). It grows in shallow water along the edges of lakes, streams and marshes.

Desmodium illinoense, the Illinois ticktrefoil, is a flowering plant in the bean family (Fabaceae), native to the central United States and Ontario, Canada. Illinois ticktrefoil grows in sunny places, such as prairies and oak savannas of the Great Plains and Great Lakes regions.

Sceptridium rugulosum, also known as the ternate grapefern or the St. Lawrence grapefern, is a species of fern. It is an evergreen, perennial species found in the vicinity of the St. Lawrence Seaway.

Arabidopsis arenicola, the Arctic rock-cress, is a plant species native to the northeastern part of North America. It has been reported from Greenland, Labrador, Nunavut, Northwest Territories, Québec, Ontario, Manitoba, and Saskatchewan. It grows on sandy or gravely beaches or stream banks at elevations below 1,500 metres (4,900 ft). Arabidopsis arenicola is a perennial herb up to 30 centimetres (12 in) tall, usually hairless or almost hairless. Basal leaves are up to 6 centimetres (2.4 in) long; stem leaves up to 2.5 millimetres (0.098 in) long. Flowers are white, up to 10 millimetres (0.39

Solidago riddellii, known as Riddell's goldenrod, is a North American plant species in the genus Solidago of the family Asteraceae. It grows primarily in the Great Lakes and eastern Great Plains of Canada and the United States. It is sometimes considered part of the genus Oligoneuron, but as a Solidago, included in the section Solidago sect. Ptarmicoidei, the flat-topped goldenrods.

Crataegus populnea is a hawthorn native to the northeastern U.S. and southeastern Canada. The flowers have about 10 stamens with red to purple anthers, and the fruit are orange to red, about 1 cm in diameter, spherical or oblong. Crataegus compta is a variant with pear-shaped fruit.

Bromus aleutensis, commonly known as the Aleutian brome, is a perennial grass found in North America. B. aleutensis has a diploid number of 56.

Carex assiniboinensis, commonly known as the assiniboia sedge, is a species of sedge (Carex) in the section Hymenochlaenae. First described scientifically in 1884 by American botanist William Boott, it is found in Canada and the United States, where it grows in floodplain forests, old river channels, riparian woodlands, and shrub thickets.

Astragalus neglectus, or Cooper's milkvetch, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae native to northeastern North America.

Festuca campestris, also known as the mountain rough fescue, is a species of grass in the family Poaceae. This species prefer subalpine grasslands and grow in higher elevations. Festuca campestris is endemic to southern British Columbia, Alberta, and southwestern Saskatchewan south through Washington, Oregon, Idaho, and Montana. It was first described in 1900 by Eduard Hackel.