Flora of Pennsylvania

Symphyotrichum depauperatum (formerly Aster depauperatus), commonly known as serpentine aster or starved aster, is a rare species in the family Asteraceae adapted to serpentine barrens, an ecosystem with a high concentration of toxic metals in the soil. It has been found in Pennsylvania, Maryland, and on some diabase glades in North Carolina. It grows to 50 centimeters (1+3⁄4 feet) and has white ray florets surrounding a center of yellow disk florets.

Viola appalachiensis, the Appalachian blue violet, also known as Appalachian violet and Henry's violet is a Viola native to the Appalachian Mountains in the Eastern United States.

Trifolium virginicum, the Kate's Mountain clover, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. It is native to West Virginia and Virginia in the United States, growing mainly on the Piedmont mafic barren, with Kate's Mountain as the type locality. Trifolium virginicum is a symbol of the West Virginia Native Plant Society. T. virginicum can also be found in Maryland and Pennsylvania, where it is considered imperiled or critically imperiled, respectively, by NatureServe.

Packera antennariifolia, the shale barren ragwort, is a species of the genus Packera and family Asteraceae. It is endemic to Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and West Virginia. It is found in the Appalachian Mountains.

Cornus × arnoldiana, the Arnold dogwood, is a hybrid dogwood native to eastern North America. It is reported from Ontario, Missouri, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Massachusetts. It is a member of the dogwood genus Cornus and the family Cornaceae. Arnold dogwood is derived from natural crosses between silky dogwood (Cornus amomum) and gray dogwood (Cornus racemosa). Intermediate shrubs were first noted in the Arnold Arboretum by Alfred Rehder, who described and named the hybrid. The name is an allusion to the place of its discovery.

Taenidia montana, the mountain pimpernel, is a herbaceous flowering perennial from the family Apiaceae. It is native to the Eastern United States (Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Virginia, and Maryland).

Echinacea laevigata, the smooth purple coneflower, is a federally listed threatened species of plant found in the Piedmont of the eastern United States. Most populations are found on roadsides and other open areas with plenty of sunlight, often on calcium- and magnesium- rich soils.

Meehania cordata, also known as Meehan's mint or creeping mint, is a perennial plant of the genus Meehania, within the family Lamiaceae found in moist shady banks west of Pennsylvania to Illinois, Tennessee, and North Carolina. It typically blooms around the month of June.

Bidens bidentoides (formerly Diodonta bidentoides), commonly called swamp beggar's-ticks and delmarva beggarticks, is an annual, herbaceous, flowering plant in the Asteraceae family. It is native to the northeastern and east-central parts of the United States, the coastal plain of the States of Maryland, Delaware, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey plus the region around the Hudson River estuary in New York.

Asplenium × wherryi, known as Wherry's spleenwort, is a rare hybrid fern of the Appalachian Mountains. The sterile triploid offspring of mountain spleenwort (A. montanum) and Bradley's spleenwort (A. bradleyi), it is known from a few sites where those species grow together. First collected by Edgar T. Wherry in 1935, it was largely ignored until a new colony was found in 1961, and the species was named in his honor.

Antennaria virginica is a North American species of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae known by the common names shalebarren pussytoes. It grows on Devonian shale in the eastern United States. It is found in central Appalachian Mountains of Pennsylvania, Maryland, West Virginia, and Virginia, with a few populations in eastern Ohio. Antennaria virginica grows up to 25 cm (10 inches) tall, spreading by horizontal stems that run along the surface of the ground. Male and female flower heads are borne on separate plants. One plant can have several heads in a flat-topped array.

Trollius laxus is a rare flowering plant species in the buttercup family, Ranunculaceae. It is native to North America and is considered to have two subspecies, one with a distribution is the east and one in the west. Common names for Trollius laxus include American globeflower and American spreading globeflower. The American Globeflower, Trollius laxus is an endangered species of flowering plants Native to Northeastern United States. This species of plants is limited in range by their ability to exclusively survive in wetlands and marshes. Thus, clusters of the species are constantly

Castanea × neglecta, the chinknut, is a named hybrid chestnut tree; it is a cross between Castanea dentata (American chestnut) and Castanea pumila (Allegheny chinquapin). It was first formally named by Louis-Albert Dode in 1908. The chinknut is native to the southeastern United States.

Platanthera shriveri, Shriver's purple fringed orchid, is a rare orchid endemic to the United States. It is considered critically imperiled.

Chrysogonum virginianum, the golden-knee, green and gold, or goldenstar, is a North American species of plants in the family Asteraceae. It is native to the eastern United States from New York State and Rhode Island south to Louisiana and the Florida Panhandle. The species is sometimes grown as a perennial ornamental because of its showy flowers. It is usually propagated by root cuttings. Varieties Formal botanical varieties of wild populations: Chrysogonum virginianum var. australe (Alexander ex Small) H.E.Ahles - Florida, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana Chrysogonum virginianum var.

Hieracium traillii is a species of hawkweed known by the common name Maryland hawkweed. Hieracium traillii grows in the eastern United States, primarily in the central Appalachian Mountains of Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia, with some populations farther west in Ohio and Kentucky. Hieracium traillii is a small hawkweed forming a basal rosette of densely hairy gray-green leaves, each up to 8 centimeters (3.2 inches) long and some with toothed edges. It bolts a thin, hairy stem which reaches 60 centimeters (2 feet) tall. The stem bears an inflorescence of several flower

Rhododendron atlanticum, the dwarf azalea or coastal azalea, is a species of Rhododendron native to coastal areas of the eastern United States, from New Jersey south to Georgia. It is a very tough plant, responding to overgrazing or forest fires by generating new shoots.

Carex roanensis is a species of sedge known by the common name Roan Mountain sedge. It is endemic to the eastern United States, where it can be found in the Blue Ridge, Ridge and Valley, and Central Appalachian ecoregions. It was first collected on Roan Mountain in Tennessee in 1936. It was not collected again for fifty years. Now it is known from Georgia, Kentucky, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia. This plant forms small clumps of stems up to 85 centimeters tall. The stem bases and leaf sheaths are tinged maroon. The leaf blades are hairy. The

Crataegus pennsylvanica, known as the Pennsylvania thorn, is a species of hawthorn native to Delaware, New York, North Carolina, Ontario, Ohio, and Pennsylvania, that grows to about 8 m in height. The mature trees have few thorns. This species has often been confounded with C. mollis, but the two species have separate native ranges except for an area of overlap in northeastern Ohio.

Micranthemum micranthemoides (syn. Hemianthus micranthemoides), commonly known as Nuttall's mudflower is an extinct species of subaquatic Micranthemum that previously inhabited wet areas from Virginia to New York. It is commonly misidentified as a similar species, Micranthemum glomeratum, in aquascaping.

Isoetes appalachiana, commonly known as the Appalachian quillwort (not to be confused with its close relative Isoetes engelmannii, which shares the same common name), is an aquatic pteridophyte that is widely distributed in the eastern United States. It is most frequently encountered in wetlands at low to middle elevations of the Appalachian Mountains in Pennsylvania, though its range extends from there south to Florida and Alabama along the eastern slopes of the mountains. It is a tetraploid and is grouped in the Isoetes engelmannii complex.

Navarretia squarrosa (skunkbush, skunkweed, or California stinkweed) is a spreading annual plant from North America which is noted for its skunk-like odour. It grows to between 10 and 60 cm in height and has tubular lilac pink to deep blue flowers up to 12 mm in diameter in dense terminal heads, encircled by spiny sepals and bracts. The leaves are pinnately lobed and spiny.

Rhododendron pilosum (syn. Menziesia pilosa), the minniebush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Ericaceae. A shrub reaching 6 ft (1.8 m), it is typically found growing in the Appalachian Mountains from southern Pennsylvania to Georgia.

Liatris pilosa (syn. Liatris graminifolia), the grass-leaf blazingstar, sandhills blazing star (a name it shares with Liatris cokeri), shaggy blazing star, or shaggy gayfeather, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is native to the US states of Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Maryland, Delaware, Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina, east of the Appalachian Mountains. A perennial reaching 4 ft (1.2 m), it is typically found in open woodlands or forest edges, at the edges of salt marshes, and in dune depressions.

Solidago rupestris , the rock goldenrod or riverbank goldenrod, is a North American species of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. It is found in the eastern United States, found today in the States of Maryland, Virginia, Kentucky, and Tennessee. There are historical records of it formerly growing in Indiana and Pennsylvania as well, but these populations now appear to have been extirpated. Solidago rupestris is a perennial herb up to 150 cm (5 feet) tall, spreading by means of underground rhizomes. Leaves are up to 12 cm (4.8 inches) long, on the stem of the plant rather than

Table Mountain pine, Pinus pungens, also called hickory pine, prickly pine, or mountain pine, is a small pine native to the Appalachian Mountains in the United States.

Gaylussacia brachycera, commonly known as box huckleberry or box-leaved whortleberry, is a low North American shrub related to the blueberry and the other huckleberries. It is native to the east-central United States (Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia, North Carolina, Kentucky, and Tennessee). Gaylussacia brachycera is easily distinguished from other members of its genus by its leaves: they resemble those of boxwood (hence its name) and lack the resin glands typical of huckleberries. Like its relatives, it bears white urn-shaped flowers in the early summer, which

Kalmia buxifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Ericaceae known by the common name sandmyrtle, or sand-myrtle. It is native to the mid-Atlantic and southeastern United States, where it has a disjunct distribution, occurring in three separate areas. It is known from the Pine Barrens of New Jersey, the Coastal Plain of the Carolinas, and the southeastern Blue Ridge Mountains. This species is sometimes called Leiophyllum buxifolium, the only member of the monotypic genus Leiophyllum. Genetic analysis supports its inclusion in genus Kalmia. This species is quite variable in

Spiraea virginiana is a rare species of flowering plant in the rose family (Rosaceae) known by the common names Virginia meadowsweet and Virginia spiraea. It is native to the southern Appalachian Mountains, where it has a distribution scattered across nine states. However, most populations are very small and poor in quality. It is threatened by disturbances in the hydrology of its habitat, introduced species of plants, and other threats. It is a federally listed threatened species of the United States. This plant is a shrub growing one to three meters (3–10 feet) tall. It is clonal, with

Euphorbia purpurea is a species of Euphorbia known by the common names Darlington's glade spurge, glade spurge, and purple spurge. It is native to the Eastern United States, where it occurs from Ohio and Pennsylvania south to North Carolina. It has been extirpated from Alabama; it was believed lost from Delaware until a population was rediscovered in 1997. This perennial herb grows from a rhizome and reaches a maximum height around one meter. It has slightly hairy, oppositely arranged leaves up to 3 centimeters long. The bracts are purplish in color, giving the plant its name. The bumpy fruit