Flora of Pitcairn Islands

Abutilon pitcairnense, the yellow fatu or yellow fautu, is a species of shrub in the family Malvaceae that was native to Pitcairn Island, but is now extinct in the wild. It was once considered extinct, until a single plant was discovered on the island in 2003. At that time, cuttings and seed were used to propagate several plants at a nursery on the island and botanical gardens in Ireland and England. The last wild surviving plant died in a landslide in 2005.

Homalium taypau is a species of plant in the family Salicaceae. It is endemic to Pitcairn. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Sideroxylon st-johnianum is a species of flowering plant in the family Sapotaceae. It is endemic to Henderson Island, Pitcairn. Having been described first as Nesoluma st-johnianum (1938), this species was transferred to the genus Sideroxylon in 2007 as a result of the phylogenetic analyses.

Myrsine hosakae is a species of plant in the family Primulaceae. It is endemic to the Pitcairn Islands.

Meryta brachypoda is a species of plant in the family Araliaceae. It is native to the islands of Raivavae and Rapa Iti in the Tubuai Islands of French Polynesia, and to Henderson Island in the Pitcairn Islands.

Allophylus rhomboidalis is a species of plant in the family Sapindaceae. It is found in French Polynesia and Pitcairn.

Cyperus macrophyllus is a species of sedge that is native to the Cook Islands, Pitcairn Islands, and Society Islands in the Pacific Ocean.

Santalum insulare is a species of flowering plant in family Santalaceae. It is a shrub or tree native to the south-central Pacific, including the Cook Islands, Marquesas Islands, Pitcairn Islands, Society Islands, and Tubuai Islands. Seven varieties are recognized: Santalum insulare var. alticola Fosberg & Sachet – Society Islands Santalum insulare var. hendersonense (F.Br.) Fosberg & Sachet – Henderson Island (Pitcairn Islands) Santalum insulare var. insulare – Miti'aro (Cook Islands), Society Islands, and Tubuai Islands Santalum insulare var. marchionense (Skottsb.) Skottsb. – Marquesas

Metrosideros collina is a species of flowering plant in the family Myrtaceae. It is a tree or shrub native to French Polynesia, the Cook Islands, and the Pitcairn Islands.

Sphaeropteris medullaris, synonym Cyathea medullaris, commonly known as mamaku or black tree fern, is a large tree fern up to 20 m (66 ft) tall with a trunk up to 20 cm diameter at breast height. It is distributed across the south-west Pacific from Fiji to Pitcairn Island and is a common plant found in forests of New Zealand.

Kadua romanzoffiensis is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae, native to parts of the southwestern Pacific (Niue, Samoa, Tokelau and Manihiki, Tuvalu) and much of the south-central Pacific (the Cook Islands, the Line Islands, the Pitcairn Islands, the Society Islands, the Tuamotus, and the Tubuai Islands).

Nesogenes is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Orobanchaceae. Its native range is Eastern Tropical Africa, Western Indian Ocean, Pacific. Species: Nesogenes africanus G.Taylor Nesogenes decumbens Balf.f. Nesogenes euphrasioides (Hook. & Arn.) A.DC. Nesogenes glandulosus (Scott Elliot) Mildbr. Nesogenes madagascariensis (Bonati) Marais Nesogenes orerensis (Cordem.) Marais Nesogenes prostrata (Benth.) Hemsl. Nesogenes rotensis Fosberg & D.R.Herbst Nesogenes tenuis (Benth. & Hook.f.) Marais

Osteomeles anthyllidifolia, commonly called ʻŪlei, eluehe, uʻulei, Hawaiian rose, or Hawaiian hawthorn, is a species of flowering shrub in the rose family, Rosaceae, that is indigenous to Hawaiʻi (all islands but Kahoʻolawe and Niʻihau), the Cook Islands, Tonga, Pitcairn Island, and Rapa Iti, Taiwan and the Ryukyu Islands of Japan.

Solanum repandum is a species of evergreen shrub native to various island groups across the Pacific Ocean (Bismarck Archipelago, Cook Islands, Fiji, Mariana islands, Marquesas, Niue, Pitcairn Islands, Samoa, Society Islands, Vanuatu), and occasionally grown for its edible fruit. Only partially domesticated and very rare in cultivation outside of its native range, it is also known as kokoua or huou. Solanum repandum will apparently hybridize with a number of close relatives, including the South American naranjilla, pseudolulo, and Solanum candidum, along with the Solanum lasiocarpum, from

Premna tahitensis is a species of plant in the family Lamiaceae. It is native to the Bismarck Archipelago in Papuasia and some islands of the south Pacific: Fiji, the Marquesas Islands, Niue, the Pitcairn Islands, Samoa, the Society Islands, Tonga, the Tuamotu Islands, the Tubuai Islands, and Wallis and Futuna.

Solanum viride, the green nightshade, garland berry, cannibal's tomato, poroporo or boro dina, is a species of flowering plant in the family Solanaceae. It is native to the Cook Islands, Fiji, Marquesas Islands, Niue, Pitcairn Islands, Samoan Islands, Society Islands, Tokelau and Manihiki, Tonga, Tuamotus, and Tubuai Islands in the South Pacific. It has been introduced to Hawaii. In Fiji at the time of contact, human meat was cooked wrapped in its leaves, and a condiment for the meal was made from the fruit.

Kadua is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It comprises 29 species, all restricted to Polynesia. Twenty-two of these are endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. Some of the species are common at high elevation. Others are single-island endemics or very rare, and a few are probably extinct. Kadua affinis is widely distributed in Hawaii and is polymorphic. The type species for the genus is Kadua acuminata. Kadua was formerly included in a broadly defined and polyphyletic Hedyotis, which encompassed, in addition to Kadua, species now placed in Oldenlandia, Oldenlandiopsis, Houstonia,

Senna gaudichaudii, also known by many common names, including kolomana in Hawaii and as blunt-leaved senna in Australia, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. It is native to some Pacific Islands including Hawaii, parts of Southeast Asia and Queensland in Australia. It is a shrub or small tree with pinnate leaves, usually with three to five pairs of oblong to egg-shaped leaflets, and yellow flowers arranged in groups of four to ten, with ten fertile stamens in each flower.

Heliotropium anomalum is a species of flowering shrub in the family Heliotropiaceae. Its common names include Polynesian heliotrope, Pacific heliotrope, Scrub heliotrope and hinahina kū kahakai (Hawaiian). The species is native to the Hawaiian Islands, Guam, Christmas Island, Saipan, Tinian, Wake Island and New Caledonia. H. a. var. argenteum is the official flower of the island Kahoʻolawe in Hawaii.

Cyclophyllum barbatum is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is a shrub or tree native to the South Pacific, including the Caroline Islands, Cook Islands, Fiji, Marquesas Islands, Pitcairn Islands, Samoan Islands, Society Islands, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuamotu Archipelago, Tubuai Islands, and Vanuatu. It has been introduced to Hawaii.

Asplenium decurrens, commonly known as shore spleenwort, is a small erect species of fern of the family Aspleniaceae. It is predominantly native to South Eastern Australia and New Zealand.

Osteomeles is a genus of plants in the rose family, Rosaceae. They are shrubs native to eastern Asia, with compound leaves, opposite leaf arrangement, and small pome fruit. The fruits of all species in this genus are edible.

Taeniophyllum fasciola is an epiphytic orchid, native to many Pacific islands. Like all species of Taeniophyllum it is effectively leafless with photosynthetic roots. It was first described in 1786 as Epidendrum fasciola by Georg Forster and was renamed and redescribed many times. In 1862 it received its current name when it was assigned to the genus Taeniophyllum by Berthold Carl Seemann.

Arachniodes aristata is a species of fern in the family Dryopteridaceae. It is a glossy fern with fronds up to 1 m (3 ft 3 in) long. The type specimen was collected by George Forster at an unknown island in the Pacific Ocean, when travelling on the second voyage of James Cook. This plant was first formally named Polypodium aristatum in 1786 in the Florulae Insularum Australium Prodromus, published by his father Johann Reinhold Forster. The specific epithet "aristata" derives from Latin, meaning "bearing a bristle". It is native to islands of the Pacific.

Meryta is a genus in the flowering plant family Araliaceae. There are 28 described species in the genus and a number of undescribed species, all small, resinous trees of the subtropical and tropical Pacific Ocean, characterized by huge, simple leaves and a dioecious sexual system, a unique combination in Araliaceae. Meryta has its center of diversity in New Caledonia (11 endemic spp.). Phylogenetic analyses have placed Meryta as a monophyletic genus in one of the three major clades of the Araliaciae, the Polyscias-Pseudopanax group, and more specifically in the Pacific Schefflera subclade.

Psydrax odorata, known as alaheʻe in Hawaiian, is a species of flowering shrub or small tree in the coffee family, Rubiaceae. It is native to the Pacific Islands, New Guinea and Australia. The first name, Psydrax, is the definition for a bleb, while odoratus defines as a nice aroma.

Cyclophyllum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. Its natural range extends from New Guinea and northern Australia to many islands of the Pacific Ocean.

Alyxia stellata, known as maile in Hawaiian, is a species of flowering plant in the dogbane family, Apocynaceae, that is native to the tropical Pacific from Queensland to Hawaii. It grows as either a twining liana, scandent shrub, or small erect shrub, and is one of the few vines that are endemic to the islands. The leaves are usually ternate, sometimes opposite, and can show both types on the same stem. Flowers are quite inconspicuous and have a sweet and light fragrance of honey. The bark is most fragrant and exudes a slightly sticky, milky sap when punctured, characteristic of the family

Apium prostratum, commonly known as sea celery, is a variable herb native to coastal Australia and New Zealand. The leaves are variable, with toothed leaflets, and a celery like aroma. The tiny white flowers occur in clusters. There are two varieties: Apium prostratum var. filiforme – headland sea celery, squat with broad leaves (2-3 times longer than wide)and grows on coastal dunes and headlands. Apium prostratum var. prostratum – mangrove sea celery, upright with fine leaves (6-15 times longer than wide) and grows in swamps. The subspecies Apium prostratum subsp. howense is endemic to Lord

Capparis spinosa subsp. cordifolia (Chamorro: atkåpares), is a plant endemic to central Malesia and western and southern Pacific Ocean islands. It is a shrub growing along coastal limestone cliffs.