Flora of Saudi Arabia

Salvia tingitana (lost clary) is an herbaceous perennial in the family Lamiaceae. It has a long and enigmatic history—it has been grown and described since the 17th century without any certainty about its origin. Botanists' speculation that it was native to northern Africa is reflected in the specific epithet tingitana, which refers to the town of "Tingi" (now called Tangiers), even though no native plants have ever been found there. It was not until 1989 that a wild population of the plant was discovered, in western Saudi Arabia. The plant is regarded as a rather strong mosquito repellent

Euphorbia abdulghafooriana is a species of flowering plant in the family Euphorbiaceae, endemic to Saudi Arabia. An annual prostrate herb of deserts and dry shrublands, it resembles the New World species Euphorbia serpens.

Ajuga arabica is a herbaceous flowering plant native to central Saudi Arabia. It was first described in 1980.

Aloe aaata is a species of succulent plant in the genus Aloe that is endemic to southern Saudi Arabia.

Euphorbia ammak, commonly known as giant milk bush, African candelabra and candelabra spurge, is a species of plant in the family Euphorbiaceae native to the Arabian Peninsula. As most other succulent members of the genus Euphorbia, its trade is regulated under Appendix II of CITES. In 1998, the plant was assessed for The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species and was listed as Vulnerable.

Aloe rubroviolacea (Arabian aloe), is a succulent plant with 2 foot wide rosettes of thick, blue-green leaves crowning a thick stem. This aloe comes from steep and rocky areas above 2100 meters elevation in the mountains of Yemen and Saudi Arabia on the Arabian Peninsula. Pups often making large clusters of plants. Hanging from rock cliffs older plants can grow stems over 3 meters in length. The species was first formally described by Schweinf in 1895.

The identity of the plant first described by Carl Linnaeus as Iris florentina remains unclear, as of December 2021. In horticulture, it has been treated as a white-flowered variant of Iris × germanica, under names such as Iris germanica nothovar. florentina, Iris × germanica var. florentina and Iris × germanica 'Florentina'. Iris florentina has also been treated as the correct name for the true species also known as Iris albicans Lange. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions almost worldwide and is a rhizomatous perennial from southern Europe, mainly Italy (including the

Douepea is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Brassicaceae. It includes two species which are native to western Pakistan and Saudi Arabia. The genus name of Douepea is in honour of Herman van Donep, a government secretary in Kochi. and it was published in Mém. Soc. Bot. France Vol.8 on page 297 in 1917. It was published in V.Jacquemont, Voy. Inde Vol.4 on page 18 in 1841. Known species: Douepea arabica (Hedge & Kit Tan) O.Appel & Al-Shehbaz – northwestern Saudi Arabia Douepea tortuosa Cambess. – western Pakistan

Saltia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Amaranthaceae. It just contains one species, Saltia papposa. It is in the Amaranthoideae subfamily. It is native to Saudi Arabia and Yemen, in the Arabian Peninsula. It is found on gravel plains with other shrubs. The genus name of Saltia is in honour of Henry Salt (1780–1827), an English artist, traveller, collector of antiquities, diplomat, and Egyptologist. The Latin specific epithet of papposa refers to pappus the wind-dispersal mechanism for the seeds. It was first described and published in Prodr. Vol.13 (Series 2)

Eigia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Brassicaceae. It only contains 1 species, Eigia longistyla (Eig) Soják . Its native range is eastern Mediterranean, and is found in the countries of Palestine and Saudi Arabia. Its genus name of Eigia is in honour of Alexander Eig (1894–1938) an Israeli botanist, and the epithet of longistyla is a combination of 'long' and the Greek word of stylos meaning a pillar. Eigia longistyla (Eig) Soják was first published and described in Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír Vol.148 on page 193 (in 1979 but published in 1980).

Cyperus pseuderemicus is a species of sedge that is native to parts of the Arabian Peninsula.

Centaurothamnus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. There is only one known species, Centaurothamnus maximus, native to Yemen and Saudi Arabia.

Aloidendron sabaeum (syn. Aloe sabaea) is a species of flowering plant belonging to the subfamily Asphodeloideae. It is native to Saudi Arabia and Yemen.

Rheum palaestinum, the desert rhubarb, is a plant indigenous to Palestine, Israel and Jordan with a highly developed system for gathering rainwater.

Allium sinaiticum is a species of flowering plant in the Amaryllidaceae family. It is a wild onion found in sandy areas in Israel, Sinai, Palestine, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. It is a small, bulb-forming perennial; flowers have white tepals with green midveins.

Allium alibile is a plant species native to Ethiopia, Sudan and Saudi Arabia. It has a round, white bulb. Umbel is dense with many flowers crowded together. Flowers are bell-shaped, rose pink.

Dracaena serrulata, also called the Arabian or Yemen dragon tree, is a distinctive tree reaching around 5m tall with a single trunk. It is found in the dry escarpment mountains of southwestern Arabia in Oman, South Yemen and Saudi Arabia.

Solanum pubescens is a wild shrub found in the foot hill areas of southern India. It is very closely related to the Turkey berry (Solanum torvum). This shrub does not have spines; leaves are smaller in size covered with dense sticky hairs. Flowers are larger, purple to violet, the flowering and fruiting is seasonal in S. pubescens. Flowering will occur from August to December. The fruits are around 1.2 cm diameter and is more bitter. Matured fruits change in color to orange. It can be found in peninsular India and Sri Lanka.

Monolluma quadrangula is a species of flowering plant in the family Apocynaceae, native to the Arabian Peninsula (Oman, Saudi Arabia and Yemen). It was first described by Peter Forsskål in 1775 as Stapelia quadrangula.

Cyperus eremicus is a species of sedge that is native to parts of the Middle East.

Hypericum sinaicum is a perennial herb in the genus Hypericum, in the section Adenosepalum.

Salvia dominica (Dominica sage, in Arabic ( Maru = مرو or "Khowwekha" = خويخة ), in (Hebrew: מרווה, marva) is a strong-scented perennial shrub found throughout the eastern Mediterranean, especially Jordan Israel, Lebanon and Syria. The branched inflorescence is one of several salvias thought to have inspired the design of the menorah. It grows to about 1 meter in height and width, and blooms in spring or early summer with pale yellow and white flowers in delicate whorls.

Aloe inermis is a small, stemless Aloe native to Yemen.

Halothamnus bottae is a species of the plant genus Halothamnus, that belongs to the subfamily Salsoloideae of the family Amaranthaceae. It occurs on the Arabian Peninsula.

Oreoschimperella is a genus of flowering plants in the umbellifer family Apiaceae, native to Kenya, Ethiopia, and the Arabian Peninsula. Poorly studied, they are closely related to Trachyspermum. The genus name of Oreoschimperella is in honour of Georg Wilhelm Schimper (1804–1878), a German botanist and naturalist.

Prunus korshinskyi (syn. Amygdalus korshinskyi (Hand.-Mazz.) Bornm.) is a species of Prunus in the family Rosaceae. It was first discovered in Syria, and is also locally native in Turkey and southeastern Europe. It is threatened by habitat loss. It is a deciduous shrub growing to 3.5 m tall, related to the almond. The species is named after Sergei Korzhinsky.

Pancratium maximum is a perennial glabrous herb that grows up to 30 cm tall arising from a bulb. It is endemic to south western Arabia.

Lotus lalambensis is a plant in the genus Lotus ranging from Sinai to E. Ethiopia and the Arabian Peninsula.

Glossostemon bruguieri or Dombeya arabica is a species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae. It is a shrub with thick long tapering dark colored roots with 70–100 cm in length and 5–8 cm in breadth, found in Yemen, Iran, Iraq, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Turkey and Morocco. The dried peeled roots of G. bruguieri are called in Egypt and Arab countries (Arabic: مُغات mughāt). The roots are commonly used in traditional medicine for many nutritional and medicinal values.

Chaetosciadium is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the family Apiaceae. Its only species is Chaetosciadium trichospermum. It is native to Iraq, Lebanon, Syria, Palestine and Saudi Arabia. It is common in Israel.