Flora of Sicilia

Abies nebrodensis, the Sicilian fir, is a fir native to the Madonie mountains in northern Sicily.

Zelkova sicula is a species of Zelkova in the family Ulmaceae. It is a shrub endemic to Sicily.

Cheirolophus crassifolius, the Maltese centaury, Maltese rock-centaury or Widnet il-Baħar, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is endemic to Malta. Its natural habitats are cliffs and coastal valleys. It is threatened by habitat loss. It is scarce but widespread in the wild on the western cliffs of Malta, rare on the southern cliffs of Gozo, but frequent as a cultivated species in roundabouts. It is quite common in the limits of Wied Babu in the south east of Malta. It was first described by Stefano Zerafa, around 1830, as the only species of the monotypic genus

Allium lojaconoi, common name Maltese dwarf garlic, is a species of wild garlic endemic to the Republic of Malta in the Mediterranean. Described as a new species in 1982, it grows in coastal and inland habitats, usually in rocky places.

Euphorbia melitensis is a species of plant in the family Euphorbiaceae. It is endemic to Malta.

Allium nebrodense is a rare Italian species of wild onion. It is found only in the Madonie mountains on the Island of Sicily in southern Italy. Allium nebrodense is unusual in the genus is that the scape is not erect but rather ascending (horizontal in the lower part, then curving upwards). Spathes are also unusual in their conspicuousness, narrowing to a pair of long red claws on either side of the umbel, much longer than the umbel itself. The flowers themselves are yellow.

Petagnaea is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the family Apiaceae. Its only species is Petagnaea gussonei. It is named after Neapolitan botanist Vincenzo Petagna (1734-1810). It is found only in Sicily, in Mediterranean-type shrubby vegetation, and is threatened by habitat loss.

Viola ucriana is a species of plant in the Violaceae family. It is a violet that is endemic to Sicily in Italy, where its known in Italian as Viola di Ucria.

Astragalus siculus, known as the Sicilian milkvetch, is a plant endemic to Sicily.

Bupleurum elatum is a species of flowering plant in the family Apiaceae. It is endemic to the Madonie Mountains in north-central Sicily. Its natural habitat is Mediterranean-type shrubby vegetation.

Allium hemisphaericum is a species of onion endemic to the Island of Lampedusa (Sicily) in the Mediterranean. Little is known about Allium hemisphaericum.

Ophrys lunulata, the moon orchid, is a species of orchid native to the islands of Malta and Sicily in the central Mediterranean. In 1992 Ophrys lunulata was designated as a 'priority species' under Annex II of the Habitats Directive of the European Community (which was reformed as the European Union the following year). This designation was meant to serve as the basis for Italy to declare which areas in which it occurs are 'Special Areas of Conservation' -which were to form the backbone of the Natura 2000 network, but only if these areas include one of the number of habitats listed in Annex I

Bupleurum dianthifolium is a species of flowering plant in the family Apiaceae. It is endemic to Marettimo in the Aegadian Islands west of Sicily. Its natural habitat is Mediterranean-type shrubby vegetation. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Allium agrigentinum is a plant species in the Amaryllis family, endemic to the Italian Island of Sicily in the Mediterranean. Initial collections were made in or near the Riserva naturale integrale Macalube di Aragona Wildlife Sanctuary. Allium agrigentinum has a light brown bulb up to 20 mm long. Scape is up to 40 cm tall. The umbel is hemispherical with uneven pedicels. Flowers are narrowly bell-shaped with pinkish-purple tepals.

Silene hicesiae is a species of plant in the family Caryophyllaceae. It is endemic to Panarea and Alicudi, which form part of the Aeolian Islands, a commune of Sicily, Italy. Its natural habitats are Mediterranean-type shrubby vegetation and rocky areas. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Salsola melitensis, commonly known as Maltese salt tree, is a species of vascular plant that is endemic to the Maltese archipelago. Its generic name is derived from the Latin word “salsus” which means salty, attributing to the salt tolerant nature of the species within this genus.

Quercus gussonei is a species of oak native to northern Sicily. It is a deciduous tree growing up to 25 meters tall. It is native to the mountains of northern Sicily from 700 to 1000 meters elevation. The plant was first described as Quercus cerris var. gussonei in 1911 by Antonino Borzì. In 1984 Salvatore Brullo described it as a separate species.

Galium litorale is a rare species of bedstraw in the Rubiaceae family. It is endemic to the island of Sicily in the Mediterranean Sea. In Italian it is known as caglio costiero.

Cytisus aeolicus, the Aeolian broom, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. It is native to three of the Aeolian Islands; Vulcano, Lipari, and Stromboli. Assessed as Endangered (previously Critically Endangered), it is a shrub or small tree, found in shrublands, garrigues, and disturbed soils.

Centaurea tauromenitana is a species of thistle in the family Asteraceae. It is endemic to Sicily.

Brassica villosa is a species of flowering plant in genus Brassica. It is a subshrub endemic to northwestern and central Sicily. It grows on limestone, and rarely sandstone, cliffs, typically on north-facing or otherwise shady locations, from near sea level to 1,000 meters elevation.

Brassica macrocarpa is a species of Brassica found in Sicily.

Atriplex lanfrancoi, also known as the Maltese cliff orache, is a species of plant in the family Amaranthaceae. It is perennial, evergreen, branched, woody shrub. It is endemic to Malta, where it is found on sheer cliffs along the coasts of the islands of Malta and Gozo. It never occurs further than 100 m from the cliffside. The Maltese cliff orache is listed as being endangered on the IUCN Red List. It was formerly assessed as being critically endangered. The species has a very restricted and fragmented range and its preferred habitat is threatened by natural erosion, limestone quarrying,

Romulea melitensis is a species of plant in the family Iridaceae. It is endemic to Malta.

Pyrus sicanorum, the Pero dei Monti Sicano, is a species of pear in the rose family Rosaceae, that is native to central western Sicily. It is, together with P. ciancioi, P. pedrottiana, P. vallis-demonis and P. castribonensis, one of five pear species endemic to the island, and was described in 2006.

Pyrus ciancioi, the pero di Ciancio or Ciancio's pear, is a species of pear in the rose family Rosaceae. It is, together with P. sicanorum, P. vallis-demonis, P. castribonensis and P. pedrottiana, one of five pear species endemic to Sicily. Having been described only in 2012, only about 15 mature individuals are known.

Linaria pseudolaxiflora, the Maltese toadflax, is a species of flowering plant in the family Plantaginaceae. It is native to Malta and the islands of Linosa and Lampedusa. It is listed as vulnerable by IUCN.

Limonium melitense is a species of plants in the family Plumbaginaceae (leadworts). It is endemic to Malta

Chiliadenus bocconei is a species of plant in the family Asteraceae. It is endemic to Malta.

Anthemis cupaniana, called the Sicilian chamomile, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Anthemis, native to Sicily, and introduced to France, Great Britain, Ireland, and the Chatham Islands. It may have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit as Anthemis punctata subsp. cupaniana.