Flora of Sri Lanka

Cinnamomum verum (synonym Cinnamomum zeylanicum), also known as true cinnamon or Ceylon cinnamon is a small evergreen tree belonging to the family Lauraceae, native to Sri Lanka. The inner bark of the tree is historically regarded as the spice cinnamon, though this term was later generalized to include C. cassia as well.

Wrightia antidysenterica, the coral swirl or tellicherry bark, is a flowering plant in the family Apocynaceae. It is native to Sri Lanka. Wrightia antidysenterica is sometimes confused with the species Holarrhena pubescens due to a second, taxonomically invalid publication of the name Holarrhena pubescens. It is known in Sanskrit as kuṭaja or ambikā.

Dovyalis hebecarpa, with common names Ceylon gooseberry, ketembilla, and kitambilla, is a plant in the genus Dovyalis, native to Sri Lanka and southern India. The fruit are often eaten fresh, or made into jam. Some cultivars have been selected for being thornless (making harvesting easier) and for larger fruit. The tropical apricot, or ketcot, is a hybrid between D. hebecarpa and D. abyssinica that was developed in Florida in 1953 and is also cultivated for its fruit.

Euphorbia lactea is a species of spurge native to arid and subtropical regions of South Asia, mainly the Indian Subcontinent. Common names include mottled spurge, frilled fan, elkhorn, candelabra spurge, candelabrum tree, candelabra cactus, candelabra plant, dragon bones, false cactus, hatrack cactus, milkstripe euphorbia, mottled candlestick.

Nepenthes distillatoria (; Neo-Latin, from Latin: destillo "to distill", -oria, adjectival ending; "something from which a liquid is distilled", i.e., pitcher) is a tropical pitcher plant endemic to Sri Lanka. It was the second Nepenthes species to be described in print and the first to be formally named under the Linnaean system of taxonomy. It is therefore the type species of the genus.

Adrorhizon purpurascens is a species of orchid (family Orchidaceae). It is the only species in the genus Adrorhizon and one of three genera in the subtribe Adrorhizinae. The genus is native to southern India and Sri Lanka.

Canarium zeylanicum is a species of flowering plant in the frankincense family, Burseraceae, that is endemic to Sri Lanka. Canarium zeylanicum is a large branched tree that can grow up to 25–30m in height. The seeds of this plant are large, oval, and they can be eaten. This plant can be seen with fruits and flowers in the months of April to September. The oil of the seeds of Canarium zeylanicum are edible and this oil has been used by Sri Lankans for medicinal purposes and for food for ages. However, these uses of the plant are confined to its rural population and even then, they mostly use

Vanilla moonii is a species of vanilla orchid that is endemic to Sri Lanka.

Dipterocarpus zeylanicus, commonly known as හොර - Hora in Sinhalese and සරල - Sarala or කිරිපලු - Kiripalu, is a species of Dipterocarpus that is endemic to Sri Lanka. A closely related Indian species is Dipterocarpus turbinatus. The Sri Lankan tree is a large tree that grows up to 40–45 m (131–148 ft) tall and 4–6 m (13–20 ft) in circumference. The bark is light pinkish brown or light yellowish brown. Leaves are big and oval, 5 to 8 inches (13 to 20 cm) long. The sharp-edged leaves are covered with silver hairs. Flowers bloom in April and seeds have two wings to spread from wind. The bark

Dipterocarpus hispidus is a species of flowering plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is a tree endemic to southwestern Sri Lanka, where it grows in lowland rain forest. The species was first described by George Henry Kendrick Thwaites in 1858.

Phyllanthus myrtifolius, known as mousetail plant or myrtle-leaf leaf-flower, is a shrub belonging to the genus Phyllanthus of the family Phyllanthaceae endemic to island of Sri Lanka.

Phoenicanthus is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Annonaceae. Its native range is Sri Lanka. Species: Phoenicanthus coriacea (Thwaites) H.Huber Phoenicanthus obliquus (Hook.f. & Thomson) Alston

Ixora jucunda is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is endemic to Sri Lanka.

Cinnamomum citriodorum is a species of flowering plant in the family Lauraceae. It is commonly known as Malabar cinnamon. It is an evergreen tree which grows up to 10 metres tall. The species is endemic to central and southwestern Sri Lanka. It grows in lowland rain forests from 300 to 700 metres elevation. It is a rare tree, known from only five wild populations. It is threatened by habitat loss from conversion of its native forests to agriculture and plantations. It has a characteristic smell of lemon grass. C. citriodorum has 45% cinnamaldehyde compared to 80% for C. cassia.

Calophyllum tomentosum is a species of flowering plant in the family Calophyllaceae, commonly known as bintangur. It is found in Sri Lanka and the Western Ghats.

Areca concinna is a species of flowering plant in the family Arecaceae. It is palm shrub or tree found only in Sri Lanka. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Stemonoporus affinis is a species of plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is a tree endemic to Sri Lanka, where it is known only from the Knuckles Range. It is a small, gregarious lower canopy tree growing in remaining patches of submontane wet evergreen forest. The species was first described by George Henry Kendrick Thwaites in 1854.

Stemonoporus is a genus of plants in the family Dipterocarpaceae. The genus is endemic to Sri Lanka. It contains 26 species, all but one confined to the perhumid forests of the island.

Psychotria sordida is a species of plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is endemic to Sri Lanka.

Psychotria gardneri is a species of plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is endemic to Sri Lanka.

Psychotria dubia is a species of plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is endemic to Sri Lanka.

Humboldtia laurifolia is a species of plant in the family Fabaceae. It is native to Kerala and Sri Lanka.

Calophyllum bracteatum is a species of flowering plant in the Calophyllaceae family. It is a tree found only in south-central and southwestern Sri Lanka, where it is known as වලු කින (walu kina) by local people.

Bulbophyllum wightii is a species of orchid in the genus Bulbophyllum.

Bulbophyllum elliae is a species of orchid in the genus Bulbophyllum.

Bulbophyllum crassifolium is a species of orchid in the genus Bulbophyllum from Sri Lanka.

Aponogeton rigidifolius is a species of freshwater plant native to Sri Lanka. In the wild it grows in deep water at temperatures of 68 to 77 °F (20 to 25 °C) in sandy soil with the water pH at 7.2.

Vatica obscura is a species of plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is a tree endemic to Sri Lanka. It is a Vulnerable species threatened by habitat loss.

Vatica affinis is a species of flowering plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is a tree endemic to southwestern Sri Lanka. It is an endangered species threatened by habitat loss.

Stemonoporus acuminatus is a species of flowering plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is a tree endemic to southwestern Sri Lanka. It is native to lowland and montane evergreen rain forests above 600 metres elevation. The species was first described as Vatica acuminata by Alphonse Pyramus de Candolle in 1868. In 1871 Richard Henry Beddome placed the species in genus Stemonoporus as S. acuminatus.