Flora of Yemen

Aloe abyssicola is a species of succulent plant in the genus Aloe that is endemic to southern Yemen, where it grows dangling upside-down from cliff faces.

Euphorbia meuleniana is a species of plant in the family Euphorbiaceae. It is endemic to Yemen.

Euphorbia frankii is a species of flowering plant in the Euphorbiaceae family. It is a succulent spurge native to northern Yemen. Euphorbia frankii was initially considered a dwarf highland form of Euphorbia fruticosa, but was described as a new species in 2005.

Acanthus arboreus is a species of flowering plant in the genus of Acanthus. It is native to wetland of Ethiopia and exists as a shrub.

Cyperus forskalianus is a species of sedge that is native to Yemen.

Terminalia bentii is a species of plant in the Combretaceae family. It is endemic to the fog woodlands of Yemen. The species was first described as Anogeissus bentii by John Gilbert Baker in 1895. In 2017 the genus Anogeissus was made a synonym of Terminalia, and the species was renamed Terminalia bentii.

Euphorbia ammak, commonly known as giant milk bush, African candelabra and candelabra spurge, is a species of plant in the family Euphorbiaceae native to the Arabian Peninsula. As most other succulent members of the genus Euphorbia, its trade is regulated under Appendix II of CITES. In 1998, the plant was assessed for The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species and was listed as Vulnerable.

Aloe rubroviolacea (Arabian aloe), is a succulent plant with 2 foot wide rosettes of thick, blue-green leaves crowning a thick stem. This aloe comes from steep and rocky areas above 2100 meters elevation in the mountains of Yemen and Saudi Arabia on the Arabian Peninsula. Pups often making large clusters of plants. Hanging from rock cliffs older plants can grow stems over 3 meters in length. The species was first formally described by Schweinf in 1895.

Aloe officinalis is a species of aloe in the Asphodelaceae family. The species is native to the Arabian Peninsula, from Yemen to Saudi Arabia. The plant has become naturalized in Somalia and has medicinal value. The plant also has two varieties: Aloe officinalis var. angustifolia (Schweinf.) Lavranos Aloe officinalis var. officinalis

Iris florentina, also known as Iris albicans, cemetery iris, white cemetery iris, or the white flag iris, is a species of iris which was planted on graves in Muslim regions and grows in many countries throughout the Middle East and northern Africa. It was later introduced to Spain, and then other European countries. The identity of the plant first described by Carl Linnaeus as Iris florentina remains unclear, as of December 2021. In horticulture, it has been treated as a white-flowered variant of Iris × germanica, under names such as Iris germanica nothovar. florentina, Iris × germanica var.

Kalanchoe bentii is a subshrub that grows in Somalia and Yemen. It can grow to at least 1 metre (3 ft 3 in) tall.

Isoleucas is a genus of flowering plants in the mint family, Lamiaceae, first described in 1939. It is native to Yemen and Somalia. Species Isoleucas arabica O.Schwartz - Yemen Isoleucas somala (Patzak) Scheen - Somalia (= Ballota somala Patzak, Otostegia somala (Patzak) Sebald)

Saltia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Amaranthaceae. It just contains one species, Saltia papposa. It is in the Amaranthoideae subfamily. It is native to Saudi Arabia and Yemen, in the Arabian Peninsula. It is found on gravel plains with other shrubs. The genus name of Saltia is in honour of Henry Salt (1780–1827), an English artist, traveller, collector of antiquities, diplomat, and Egyptologist. The Latin specific epithet of papposa refers to pappus the wind-dispersal mechanism for the seeds. It was first described and published in Prodr. Vol.13 (Series 2)

Gymnosporia dhofarensis is a species of plant in the family Celastraceae and is found in Oman and Yemen. It is an intricately branched spiny shrub or small tree with its leaves arranged alternately or clustered on short shoots. The flowers have white or cream petals and the fruit are purple or red. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Cyperus fissus is a species of sedge that is native to Africa and Arabia. The species was first formally described by the botanist Ernst Gottlieb von Steudel in 1842.

Centaurothamnus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. There is only one known species, Centaurothamnus maximus, native to Yemen and Saudi Arabia.

Boscia arabica is a species of flowering plant in the Capparaceae family. It is a shrub or tree native to Oman and Yemen. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Blepharis dhofarensis is a species of plant in the family Acanthaceae. It is a shrub that grows to around 5m tall and is found in Oman and Yemen. Blepharis dhofarensis grows on wet escarpment woodlands and it prefers dense thickets on steep slopes. It is threatened by habitat loss. Recent molecular work has placed it in the genus Acanthus instead of Blepharis.

Xerotia arabica is a species of flowering plant belonging to the family Caryophyllaceae. It is the sole species in genus Xerotia. It is a subshrub or shrub native to Yemen and Oman in the southern Arabian Peninsula, where it grows in deserts and dry shrublands.

Withania qaraitica is a shrubby and perennial herb up to 1 m (3 ft 3 in) tall with bright orange-red seeds patterned with honeycomb-like markings pale yellowish brown in color. It has only been found in Dhofar, but may occur in wet woodlands over the border in south Yemen. It is closely related to two species, Withania adunenis and W. riebeckii. W. qaraitica occurs commonly in the wet woodlands, but can be found around settlements where they have frequently been transplanted.

Boswellia sacra, also known as Boswellia carteri and others, and commonly called the frankincense tree or the olibanum tree, is a tree in the genus Boswellia, in the Burseraceae family, from which frankincense, a resinous dried sap, is harvested. The olibanum tree is a plant native to the countries of Oman and Yemen, in the south of the Arabian Peninsula, and to Somalia and Ethiopia, in the Horn of Africa. In 2012, it was replanted in Israel in the Middle East, 1,500 years after dying out there.

Poskea is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Plantaginaceae. It is native to Somalia, Socotra and Yemen. The genus name of Poskea is in honour of Friedrich Poske (1852–1925), a German teacher and natural scientist in Berlin. It was first described and published in Linnaea Vol.43 on page 321 in 1882.

Ceratonia oreothauma is a species of tree native to Oman and Somaliland.

Solanum pubescens is a wild shrub found in the foot hill areas of southern India. It is very closely related to the Turkey berry (Solanum torvum). This shrub does not have spines; leaves are smaller in size covered with dense sticky hairs. Flowers are larger, purple to violet, the flowering and fruiting is seasonal in S. pubescens. Flowering will occur from August to December. The fruits are around 1.2 cm diameter and is more bitter. Matured fruits change in color to orange. It can be found in peninsular India and Sri Lanka.

Otostegia integrifolia, more commonly known as Abyssinian rose, a plant belonging to the family Lamiaceae, is endemic to Ethiopia, in the dry evergreen woodlands of the Bale Mountains, Tigray, Gondar, Wollo and Gojjam regions, North Shewa, Kaffa and Hararghe regions, as well as in the dry and moist agroclimatic zones of the district known as Dega, at altitudes of 1,300—2,800 m. above sea-level. It also grows in Yemen, northwest of Mukalla. In Ethiopia, O. integrifolia is commonly known by its Amharic vernacular of tinjute = ጥንጁት (alt. sp. Tindjut).

Livistona carinensis, commonly known as the Bankoualé palm, is a species of flowering plant in the family Arecaceae. It is one of the fan palms. Its leaves are distinguished by an armed petiole terminating in a rounded, costapalmate fan of numerous leaflets. Livistona carinensis is found in Djibouti, Somalia, and Yemen, and is threatened by habitat loss.

Dracaena serrulata, also called the Arabian or Yemen dragon tree, is a distinctive tree reaching around 5m tall with a single trunk. It is found in the dry escarpment mountains of southwestern Arabia in Oman, South Yemen and Saudi Arabia.

Wendlandia arabica is a species of plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is found in Somalia and Yemen, and is threatened by habitat loss.

Monolluma quadrangula is a species of flowering plant in the family Apocynaceae, native to the Arabian Peninsula (Oman, Saudi Arabia and Yemen). It was first described by Peter Forsskål in 1775 as Stapelia quadrangula.

Cyperus wissmannii is a species of sedge that is native to north eastern parts of Africa and south western parts of the Middle East.