Plants named in 1777

Catalpa (, ), commonly also called catawba, is a genus of flowering plants in the family Bignoniaceae, native to warm temperate and subtropical regions of North America, the Caribbean, and East Asia.

Reynoutria japonica, synonyms Fallopia japonica and Polygonum cuspidatum, is a species of herbaceous perennial plant in the knotweed and buckwheat family Polygonaceae. Common names include Japanese knotweed and Asian knotweed. It is native to East Asia in Japan, China and Korea. In North America and Europe, the species has successfully established itself in numerous habitats; it is classified as a pest and invasive species in several countries. The plant is popular with beekeepers and its young stems are edible, making it an increasingly popular foraged vegetable with a flavour described as

Capsicum chinense, commonly known as a "habanero-type pepper", is a species of chili pepper native to the Americas. C. chinense varieties are well known for their unique flavors and, in many cases, exceptional heat. The hottest peppers in the world are members of this species, with a Scoville heat unit score of 2.69 million measured in the C. chinense cultivar Pepper X in 2023. Some taxonomists consider C. chinense to be within the species C. annuum, and they are a member of the C. annuum complex; however, C. chinense and C. annuum pepper plants can sometimes be distinguished by the number of

Trifolium aureum, known by the various common names large hop trefoil, large trefoil, large hop clover, golden clover or hop clover, is a species of flowering plant native to much of Eurasia.

Carex pauciflora, the few-flowered sedge, is a perennial species of sedge in the family Cyperaceae native to bogs and fens in cool temperate, subarctic, and mountainous regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The specific epithet pauciflora refers to the Latin term for 'few flowered'.

Carex ericetorum, known as rare spring sedge, is a perennial species of plants in the sedge family Cyperaceae native to central Europe and western Asia growing on calcareous soils in short grassland.

Urospermum, or prickly goldenfleece, is a small genus of flowering plants in the dandelion tribe within the daisy family. Species Urospermum dalechampii (L.) Scop. ex F.W.Schmidt - Mediterranean from Spain + Morocco to the Aegean; naturalized in Australia Urospermum picroides (L.) Scop. ex F.W.Schmidt - Mediterranean + southwestern Asia from Portugal + Canary Islands to Pakistan; naturalized in Australia, North America, South America

Bactris is a genus of spiny palms which are native to Mexico, South and Central America and the Caribbean. Most species are small trees about 2 m (6 ft 7 in) tall, but some are large trees while others are shrubs with subterranean stems. They have simple or pinnately compound leaves and yellow, orange, red or purple-black fruit. The genus is most closely related to several other spiny palms—Acrocomia, Aiphanes, Astrocaryum and Desmoncus. The fruit of several species is edible, most notably B. gasipaes, while others are used medicinally or for construction. The ancestors of the genus are

Salvia coccinea, the blood sage, scarlet sage, Texas sage, or tropical sage, is a herbaceous perennial in the family Lamiaceae that is widespread throughout the Southeastern United States, Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean, and northern South America (Colombia, Peru, and Brazil). At one time Brazil was considered to be where it originated, but its diploid chromosome count now points to Mexico as its place of origin.

Rhinanthus alectorolophus, the European yellow-rattle, is a plant species of the genus Rhinanthus, native to Europe.

Reynoutria is a genus of flowering plants in the Polygonaceae, also known as the knotweed or buckwheat family. The genus is native to eastern China, Eastern Asia and the Russian Far East, although species have been introduced to Europe and North America. Members of the genus, including R. japonica (Japanese knotweed) and its hybrid with R. sachalinensis, are highly invasive plants.

Willemetia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. It is native to Europe, Iran and the Caucasus. Species Willemetia stipitata (Jacq.) Dalla Torre - Central Europe (France, Germany, Italy, Serbia, etc.) Willemetia tuberosa Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex DC. - Iran, Caucasus

Crantzia is a plant genus in the family Gesneriaceae. Crantzia species grow in damp or wet forests, mostly on Caribbean islands. Some are epiphytes, others are subshrubs or herbaceous plants with fibrous roots. Several taxa from the Gesneriaceae genus Alloplectus have been reclassified as Crantzia. Giovanni Antonio Scopoli named the genus after botanist and physician Heinrich Johann Nepomuk von Crantz (1722–1799).

Khat or qat (Catha edulis), also known as Bushman's tea, especially in South Africa, is a species of flowering plant in the family Celastraceae, and the sole species in genus Catha. It is a shrub or tree native to eastern and southern Africa, ranging from Ethiopia and South Sudan to Angola and the Cape Provinces of South Africa. It grows in montane riverine and evergreen forests from 1,100 to 2,400 metres elevation. It has a history of cultivation originating in the Harar region of Ethiopia, and it was subsequently introduced at different times to countries nearby in East Africa and South

Salvia nilotica is a perennial shrub growing in the eastern African highlands from Ethiopia to Zimbabwe, between 900 and 3,600 m (3,000 and 11,800 ft) elevation. It has many creeping rhizomes and stems about 60–90 cm (24–35 in) tall. The small flowers, in whorls of 6–8, range from purple to rose to white.

Ornithogalum thyrsoides is a bulbous plant species that is endemic to the Cape Province in South Africa. It is also known by the common names of chinkerinchee or chincherinchee, star-of-Bethlehem or wonder-flower. It produces long-lasting flowers prized as cut flowers.

Kundmannia is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Apiaceae. Its native range is the Mediterranean. It is found in Algeria, the Balearic Islands, Corsica, Greece, Italy, Crete, Morocco, Portugal, Sardinia, Sicily, Spain, Tunisia and Turkey. The genus name of Kundmannia is in honour of Johann Christian Kundmann (1684–1751), a German doctor from Wrocław with a large naturalist collection. It was first described and published in Intr. Hist. Nat. on page 116 in 1777. Known species, according to Kew: Kundmannia anatolica Hub.-Mor. Kundmannia sicula (L.) DC. Kundmannia syriaca Boiss.

Salvia barrelieri (Berber clary) is a perennial found in northern Africa, Morocco, Tunisia, Algeria, and southwestern Spain, usually between the elevations of 500–1200 meters. It grows 1–2 meters tall, with large, wavy, gray-green leaves. The inflorescence is a verticillaster (See Inflorescence) and can grow nearly one meter tall, with flowers of light lavender or sky blue blooming all at the same time.

Silene bellidifolia is a species of plants in the family Caryophyllaceae (carpetweeds).

Salvia tingitana (lost clary) is an herbaceous perennial in the family Lamiaceae. It has a long and enigmatic history—it has been grown and described since the 17th century without any certainty about its origin. Botanists' speculation that it was native to northern Africa is reflected in the specific epithet tingitana, which refers to the town of "Tingi" (now called Tangiers), even though no native plants have ever been found there. It was not until 1989 that a wild population of the plant was discovered, in western Saudi Arabia. The plant is regarded as a rather strong mosquito repellent

Corbichonia is a genus of flowering plant in the family Lophiocarpaceae. Since 2016 it is treated under monotypic family Corbichoniaceae. Species in the genus are seed-bearing, vascular, succulent-type plants.

Kallstroemia is a genus of flowering plants in the caltrop family, Zygophyllaceae. The approximately 20 species it contains are native to tropical and warm temperate regions of the Americas. The flower and fruit morphology is similar to Tribulus. The convex fruits separate into about 10 nutlets each with one seed. The genus is named after A. Kallstroem who lived in the 18th century.

Astragalus laxmannii, the standing milkvetch, Tanana milkvetch, or Laxmann's milkvetch, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. It is native to Kazakhstan, Siberia, Mongolia, China, Korea, Japan (where it is called ムラサキモメンヅル (murasaki momenjiru - lit. purple cotton vine)), Canada, and the northwestern and north-central United States. A perennial reaching 16 in (41 cm), it is typically found in dry soils with little organic content in otherwise wetter areas. Asian populations were previously considered to be a separate species, Astragalus adsurgens Pall..

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Rumex abyssinicus is a species of flowering plant in the family Polygonaceae, native to tropical Africa, including Madagascar.

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