Plants named in 1781

Deutzia ( or ) is a genus of about 60 species of flowering plants in the family Hydrangeaceae, native to eastern and central Asia (from the Himalayas east to Japan and the Philippines), and Central America and also Europe. By far the highest species diversity is in China, where 50 species occur.

Ribes petraeum, the rock currant, rock redcurrant, or Bieberstein's rock currant is a species of Ribes found in Europe.

Hovenia dulcis, or the oriental raisin tree, is a hardy tree found in Asia, from Eastern China (萬壽果; pinyin: wànshòuguǒ) and Korea (헛개나무, heotgae namu) to the Himalayas (up to altitudes of 2,000 m), growing preferably in a sunny position on moist sandy or loamy soils. The tree known for its health benefits when consumed in tea, introduced as an ornamental tree to several countries, also bears edible fruit. It is considered to be one of the most pervasive invaders in Brazilian subtropical forests.

Carex diandra is a species of sedge known by the common names lesser tussock-sedge and lesser panicled sedge.

Glaucium corniculatum, the blackspot hornpoppy or red horned-poppy, is a species of the genus Glaucium in the poppy family (Papaveraceae). It is an annual flowering plant, occurring in southern Europe, and grows up to 1 foot (30 cm) high. The stem and leaves are hairy, the capsule fruit is covered with stiff hair, the flower is red, with a black spot on the base of the tepal bract, which has a yellow margin around it. The flower appears from June until August.

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Geum aleppicum, commonly called yellow avens or common avens is a flowering plant native to most of the temperate Northern Hemisphere, from eastern Europe across Asia and North America. It is a herbaceous perennial plant growing to 1 m tall with pinnate leaves. The flowers are 2 cm diameter, yellow, with five to seven toothed petals. There are two subspecies: Geum aleppicum subsp. aleppicum. Europe and Asia. Geum aleppicum subsp. strictum. North America.

Hovenia is a small genus of deciduous trees or shrubs in the family Rhamnaceae. They occur naturally from India to Japan. The Japanese, or Oriental raisin tree, Hovenia dulcis, is the best known species, as it is often planted in gardens outside Asia.

Deutzia scabra is a species of flowering plant in the hydrangea family (Hydrangeaceae) native to Japan and introduced to mainland east Asia, Europe, and North America. In its native Japan, it is found from the Kantō region, westward to the islands of Kyushu and Shikoku. Its natural habitat is along forest edges and rocky openings. It is tolerant of disturbance and can be found growing out of stone walls, along roadsides, and in other waste areas. Deutzia scabra is a deciduous shrub growing 1–2 meters in height. One way it differs from other Deutzia of Japan, is by its somewhat dimorphic

Androsace filiformis is a species of flowering plant in the primrose family known by the common names filiform rockjasmine and slender-stemmed androsace. It is an uncommon plant native to the Northwestern United States, California, Colorado, and Utah. It is also known from Eurasia. It grows in mountain meadows, including in the Cascade Range and Rocky Mountains.

Wurmbea is a genus of perennial herbs in the family Colchicaceae, native to Africa and Australasia. There are about 50 species, with about half endemic to each continent. African species accepted as of February 2025 are: Australasian species accepted as of February 2025 are:

Nandina domestica ( nan-DEE-nə) commonly known as nandina, heavenly bamboo or sacred bamboo, is a species of flowering plant in the family Berberidaceae, native to eastern Asia from the Himalayas to Japan. It is the only member of the monotypic genus Nandina. Despite its name, it is not a true bamboo. Nandina is widely grown in gardens as an ornamental plant with a number of cultivars that display bright-red fall foliage in the cool months, and attractive new foliage growth in spring. Although a popular ornamental shrub, the berries are toxic to birds, especially towards the end of the winter

Solanum aculeatissimum, known as Dutch eggplant, and love-apple, is a weedy shrub that bears small, 2–3 cm pale yellow fruit following white flowers with characteristic Solanum yellow stamens.

Wulfenia is a plant genus in the family Plantaginaceae. The genus was named after Franz Xaver von Wulfen (1728–1805), an Austrian botanist, zoologist, mineralogist, alpinist, and Jesuit priest. It was first described in 1781 by Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin in . It is also in Tribe Veroniceae. Its native range is from Central Europe (Italy, Albania, Austria and Balkans) to southern Turkey and northern Lebanon and Syria in western Asia.

Pollia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Commelinaceae, first described in 1781. It is widespread through the Old World Tropics: Africa, southern Asia, northern Australia, etc. There is also one species endemic to Panama. Species Pollia americana Faden - Panama Pollia bracteata K.Schum. - Tanzania Pollia condensata C.B.Clarke - much of tropical Africa Pollia crispata (R.Br.) Benth. - Queensland, New South Wales Pollia gracilis C.B.Clarke - Comoros, Madagascar Pollia hasskarlii R.S.Rao - southern China, Himalayas, Indochina, Peninsular Malaysia, Java Pollia × horsfieldii C.B.Clarke

Pollia japonica, known as East Asian pollia in English, yabumyoga (ヤブミョウガ) in Japanese, and dùruò (杜若) in Chinese, is a perennial flowering plant native to East Asia. Its habitat is forests of 0–1200 m of altitude. It is native in Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, and Sichuan Provinces of China. It is also found in Taiwan, Japan, and Korea.

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Falkia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Convolvulaceae, native to southern Africa, eastern Africa, and the Arabian Peninsula. They are creeping perennial herbs.

Chenolea is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Amaranthaceae. Its native range is Southern Africa. Species: Chenolea convallis Snijman & J.C.Manning Chenolea diffusa Thunb.

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Salvia viscosa is a herbaceous perennial native to a small area of mountains in Lebanon and Israel. It was first described in 1781 by Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin but only began being sold in nurseries in the 1990s. Salvia viscosa grows a small cluster of leaves from which 1 foot (0.30 m) inflorescences arise in midsummer. The misty green leaves are oblate-oblong, growing up to 4 inches (10 cm) long and 2 inches (5.1 cm) wide, with both surfaces covered by soft hairs, and whitish-green veining on the underside. The burgundy-red flowers are about .75 inches (1.9 cm) long, growing in whorls that

Protea nana, also known as the mountain rose or mountain-rose sugarbush, is a flowering shrub which belongs within the genus Protea.

Bactris major is a small to medium-sized (1–10 m tall) spiny palm which ranges from Mexico, through Central America into northern South America and Trinidad. The species is divided into three or four varieties, although the boundaries between varieties is not always clearly defined. The fruits are eaten or used to flavour drinks. Spanish names for the palm species include marayaú.

Alcea biennis, the biennial hollyhock, is a species of Alcea in the mallow family, Malvaceae. Synonyms include A. pallida, Althaea pallida and Malva pallida.

Wulfenia carinthiaca, commonly known as wulfenia, is a plant in the plantain family. It is endemic to the Gartnerkofel mountain of the Carnic Alps at the Austro-Italian border. It was discovered in 1779 by Franz Xaver von Wulfen, for whom it is named. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant.

Solanum stramoniifolium is a species of flowering plant from the genus Solanum. The species was originally described by Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin in 1781.

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Galopina is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The genus is found in Malawi, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, South Africa, Lesotho, and Eswatini.

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Protea glabra, also called the Clanwilliam sugarbush, is a flowering shrub belonging to the genus Protea. Other vernacular names for this plant are chestnut sugarbush, Clanwilliam protea or kayang bush. In Afrikaans it is known as the kaiingbos, kaiing-suikerbos, kaiinghout, kayangbos, kreupelwaboom or tolletjiewaboom. The tree's national number is 89.1.