Plants named in 1856

Larix kaempferi, the Japanese larch or karamatsu (唐松 or 落葉松) in Japanese, is a species of larch native to Japan, in the mountains of Chūbu and Kantō regions in central Honshū. It is a medium-sized to large deciduous coniferous tree reaching 20–40 m tall, with a trunk up to 1 m diameter. The crown is broad conic; both the main branches and the side branches are level, the side branches only rarely drooping. The shoots are dimorphic, with growth divided into long shoots (typically 10–50 cm long) and bearing several buds, and short shoots only 1–2 mm long with only a single bud. The leaves are

The Aquifoliales are an order of flowering plants, including the Aquifoliaceae (holly) family, and also the Helwingiaceae (2-5 species of temperate Asian shrubs) and the Phyllonomaceae (4 species of Central American trees and shrubs). In 2001, the families Stemonuraceae and Cardiopteridaceae were added to this order. This circumscription of Aquifoliales was recognized by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group when they published the APG II system in 2003. In the Cronquist system, there is no Aquifoliales order: the Aquifoliaceae are placed within the order Celastrales and the others are in other

Trema orientale (sometimes Trema orientalis) is a species of flowering tree in the hemp family, Cannabaceae. It is known by many common names, including charcoal-tree, Indian charcoal-tree, pigeon wood, Oriental trema, and in Hawaii, where it has become naturalized, gunpowder tree, or nalita. It has a near universal distribution in tropical and warm temperate parts of the Old World, with a range extending from South Africa, through the Middle East, the Indian subcontinent and southern China to Southeast Asia and Australia.

Juglans mandshurica, also known as Manchurian walnut or tigernut, is a species of deciduous tree in the walnut family, Juglandaceae. It is native to East Asia.

Gymnadenia nigra, also known as the black vanilla orchid, is a species of orchid and the provincial flower of Jämtland, a historical province of Sweden. It is a perennial species found in the major mountain ranges of Europe, including the Pyrenees and the Alps, into the Balkans and central Scandinavia, though its population has declined in the past decades due to over-harvesting. In some countries, including Italy, it is listed as an endangered species. It has a maximum height of 25 cm.

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Tetraphidaceae is a family of mosses. It includes only the two genera Tetraphis and Tetrodontium, each with two species. The defining feature of the family is the 4-toothed peristome.

Potentilla sterilis, also called strawberryleaf cinquefoil or barren strawberry, is a perennial herbaceous species of flowering plant in the rose family, Rosaceae. It is native to Europe.

Maackia is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. There are 9 species, all native to eastern Asia, from China and Taiwan through Korea, Japan, and the Russian Far East. Six species are endemic to China. The generic name honors the botanist Richard Maack. They are deciduous trees and shrubs. The alternately arranged leaves are divided into leaflets. The inflorescence is a simple or compound raceme of many flowers. Each flower has an inflated calyx with five teeth. The white or greenish corolla has a reflexed standard petal and keel petals that are fused at the bases. The

Hypnaceae is a large family of moss with broad worldwide occurrence in the class Bryopsida, subclass Bryidae and order Hypnales. Genera include Hypnum, Phyllodon, and Taxiphyllum.

Dicranaceae is a family of haplolepideous mosses (Dicranidae) in class Bryopsida. Species within this family are dioicous. Genera in this family include Dicranum, Dicranoloma, and Mitrobryum.

Acer tegmentosum, the Manchurian striped maple, is a species of deciduous tree in the maple genus, which is native to the southern part of the Russian Far East (along the Amur and Ussuri rivers in Primorsky Krai), northeastern China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning), and Korea. Acer tegmentosum is cold-hardy down to USDA hardiness zone 5a (−29 °C). At maturity (20-plus years) it can reach a height of 10–15 metres (33–49 ft) and a spread of 8 metres (26 ft), with greenish-grey bark with bright white stripes. Leaves are simple, each up to 12 cm across, round in general outline but with 3 shallow

Acer heldreichii is a species of maple in the flowering plant family Sapindaceae. Commonly called Balkan maple, Greek maple, Heldreich's maple, or mountain maple the species is native to the Balkan Peninsula east along the southern and eastern coasts of the Black Sea. Acer heldreichii is a tree up to 20 m (65.6 ft) tall with smooth bark. Leaves are 5–14 cm (2.0–5.5 in) long, deeply cut into three to five lobes which turn yellow to golden brown during the fall.

Maackia amurensis, commonly known as the Amur maackia, is a species of tree in the family Fabaceae that can grow 15 metres (49 ft) tall. The species epithet and common names are from the Amur River region, where the tree originated; it occurs in northeastern China, Korea, and Russia. Amur maackia tolerates severe dryness, cold and heavy soils. More interesting than the summer flowers are the unfolding buds in spring which appear silvery and showy like flowers with frost on them. Named for Richard Otto Karlovich Maack (Richard Maack), a 19th-century Siberian explorer who discovered the tree in

Lecanorchis is a genus of orchids (family Orchidaceae) belonging to the subfamily Vanilloideae. The scientific name is derived from the Greek words lekane (basin) and orchis (orchid). They occur in mountain forest of the Himalayas, China, Japan, Korea, Southeast Asia, and New Guinea at altitudes of 300–1,500 metres (980–4,920 ft). They are terrestrial, leafless myco-heterotrophs (formerly called saprophytes). They produce numerous, long, thick, horizontal roots under a short rhizome. The erect, dark, branched or unbranched stems are thin and brittle. They bear few to many dull brown, purple,

The Aponogetonaceae (the Cape-pondweed family or aponogeton family) are a family of flowering plants in the order Alismatales. In recent decades the family has had universal recognition by taxonomists. The APG system (1998) and APG II system (2003) treat it in the order Alismatales in the clade monocots. The family consists of only one genus, Aponogeton, with 56 known species (Christenhusz & Byng 2016 ) of aquatic plants, most of which have been included in a molecular phylogeny by Chen et al. (2015). The name was published in Supplementum Plantarum 32: 214 (1782) and is derived from a

Protea afra (sometimes called the common protea), native to Africa, inhabiting from South Africa to Kenya, is a small tree or shrub which occurs in subtropical open or wooded grassland, usually on rocky ridges. Its leaves are leathery and hairless. The flower head is solitary or in clusters of 3 or 4 with the involucral bracts a pale red, pink or cream colour. The fruit is a densely hairy nut. The species is highly variable and has several subspecies. Protea is a flowering plant genus in the family Proteaceae. The shrub was first discovered by Ferdinand Krauss in the eastern regions of South

Nepenthes pervillei (; after Auguste Pervillé, French plant collector) is the only pitcher plant found in the Seychelles, where it is endemic to the islands of Mahé and Silhouette. It grows in rocky areas near granitic mountain summits, its roots reaching deep into rock fissures. The species has an altitudinal range of 350–750 m above sea level. Like all members of the genus, N. pervillei is dioecious, having separate male and female plants. The mite Creutzeria seychellensis has been found in the pitchers of N. pervillei.

Ferula gummosa is a perennial herb of Ferula in the family Apiaceae. It is native to Iran and Turkmenistan. Its gum resin is called galbanum.

Pyrus ussuriensis, also known as the Ussurian pear, Harbin pear, and Manchurian pear, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rosaceae. It is native to Korea, Japan, China, and the Ussuri River area of far eastern Russia. It has flowers in spring that are slightly pink when budding and then turn white. Buds are dark brown and have an alternating arrangement. The tree grows to a height of about 15 meters (49 ft) and prefers well-drained loam-type soils. It is considered the hardiest of all pears. When planted in milder climates, the trees have been known to be killed by freezes after

Tilia mandshurica, the Manchurian linden or Manchurian lime, is a species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae, native to China, the Korea Peninsula, Japan, and the Russian Far East. It is used as a street tree in its native range, and has potential elsewhere, but is susceptible to damage from late frosts.

Salix udensis (syn. S. sachalinensis F.Schmidt) is a species of willow native to northeastern Asia, in eastern Siberia (including Kamchatka), northeastern China, and northern Japan. It is a deciduous shrub growing to 5 m (16 ft) tall. The leaves are slender, lanceolate, 6–10 cm long and 0.8–2 cm broad, glossy dark green above, glaucous and slightly hairy below, with a serrated margin. The flowers are produced in early spring on catkins 2–3 cm long. It typically takes 20 years to reach maturity. The cultivar S. udensis 'Sekka' (Japanese fantail willow) is grown as an ornamental plant; it has

Prunus maximowiczii, known as Korean cherry, Korean mountain cherry, or Miyama cherry, is a small (about 7.5 m), fruiting cherry tree that can be found growing wild in northeastern Asia and Eurasia.

Fontinalaceae is a family of mosses belonging to the order Hypnales. Genera: Brachelyma Schimp. ex Cardot (1) Cryphaeadelphus (Müller Hal.) J.Cardot, 1904 Dichelyma Myrin (10) Fontinalis Hedw. (76) Figures in brackets are approx. how many species per genus.

Acca is a genus of shrubs and small trees in the family Myrtaceae that is native to Bolivia and Peru. The scientific name of the genus is from a native Peruvian name for A. macrostema. Acca was first described as a genus in 1856. The genus comprises two species. Acca lanuginosa (Ruiz & Pav. ex G.Don) McVaugh – central + southern Peru Acca macrostema (Ruiz & Pav. ex G.Don) McVaugh – Bolivia, central + southern Peru A third species formerly often included in the genus, Acca sellowiana (O.Berg) Burret, is now treated in its own separate genus, Feijoa. This followed genetic research which showed

Neckeraceae is a moss family in the order Hypnales. There are about 200 species native to temperate and tropical regions. Most grow on rocks, or other plants.

Gastrodia elata is a mycoheterotrophic perennial herb in the family Orchidaceae. It is found in Nepal, Bhutan, India, Japan, Korea, Siberia, Taiwan, and China.

Eminium is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. The genus ranges from Turkey and Egypt east to Central Asia. Usually they can be found growing in barren areas in sand or stony soil. The foliage of Eminium resembles Helicodiceros and its inflorescence and fruit resembles those of Biarum. Species Eminium albertii (Regel) Engl. - Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan Eminium heterophyllum (Blume) Schott - Iran, Iraq, Turkey Eminium intortum (Banks & Sol.) Kuntze - Turkey, Syria Eminium jaegeri Bogner & P.C.Boyce - Iran Eminium koenenianum Lobin & P.C.Boyce - Turkey Eminium

Thunbergia laurifolia, the laurel clockvine or blue trumpet vine, is native to India and Thailand and the Indomalayan realm, the species occurs from Indochina to Malaysia.

Leskeaceae is a family of mosses belonging to the order Hypnales.