Plants named in 1881

Picea abies, the Norway spruce, Norway fir or European spruce, is a species of spruce native to Northern, Central and Eastern Europe. It has branchlets that typically hang downwards, and the longest cones of any spruce, 9–17 cm long. It is very closely related to the Siberian spruce (Picea obovata), which replaces it east of the Ural Mountains, and with which it hybridises freely. The Norway spruce has a wide distribution, being planted for its wood, and is the species used as a Christmas tree in several countries around the world. It was the first gymnosperm to have its genome sequenced. The

Benincasa hispida, the wax gourd, also called ash gourd, white gourd, winter gourd, winter melon, tallow gourd, ash pumpkin, dongah or Chinese preserving melon, is a species of vine. The wax gourd is native to South and Southeast Asia. It is grown, especially in Asia, for its very large fruit, eaten as a vegetable when mature. One variety of the plant, called chi qua (Benincasa hispida var. chieh-qua), is commonly used in Asian cuisine.

The Sarcolaenaceae are a family of flowering plants endemic to Madagascar. The family includes 79 species of mostly evergreen trees and shrubs in ten genera. Recent DNA studies indicate that the Sarcolaenaceae are a sibling taxon to the family Dipterocarpaceae of Africa, South America, India, Southeast Asia and Malesia.

Crocus ancyrensis, sometimes known as the Ankara crocus, (Turkish: Ankara çiğdemi) is a species of flowering plant in the family Iridaceae. It is endemic to North and Central Turkey. It was named ancyrensis as it was first discovered in Ankara.

Manniella is a genus of orchids (family Orchidaceae) belonging to the subfamily Orchidoideae. It consists of two species: the type species Manniella gustavi Rchb.f. and Manniella cypripedioides, Salazar & al., both from West Africa. Because of its phylogenetic position as the sister of Neotropical subtribes Cranichidinae s.l. and Spiranthinae, its status as the sole genus in the subtribe Manniellineae is justified on evolutionary grounds. The genus is named after Gustav Mann

Tsuga diversifolia, commonly known as northern Japanese hemlock, is a species of conifer in the family Pinaceae. It is native to the Japanese islands of Honshū, Kyūshū, and Shikoku. In Europe and North America, the species is sometimes employed as tree for the garden and has been in cultivation since 1861.

Tsuga caroliniana, the Carolina hemlock, is a species of hemlock endemic to the southern Appalachian Mountains of the United States. As of 2023, it is under review for listing under the Endangered Species Act of 1973.

Campylocentrum is a genus of rare orchids (family Orchidaceae) native to Mexico, the West Indies, Central America and South America. One species (C. pachyrrhizum) extends its range into Florida.

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Allium stipitatum, Persian shallot, is an Asian species of onion native to central and southwestern Asia. Some sources regard Allium stipitatum and A. hirtifolium as the same species, while others treat A. stipitatum and A. hirtifolium as distinct. Allium stipitatum in the more inclusive sense occurs in Turkey, Iraq, Iran, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Kazakhstan. The epithet stipitatum means 'with a little stalk' referring to the ovary.

Warmingia is a genus of orchids. It includes four species from the tropical Americas, native to Costa Rica, Colombia and Ecuador, and northeastern Brazil to Bolivia and northeastern Argentina.

Pogoniopsis is a genus of orchids (family Orchidaceae). It contains two known species, both endemic to Brazil. It was previously included in the subfamily Vanilloideae, but is now placed in the tribe Triphoreae of the subfamily Epidendroideae. Pogoniopsis nidus-avis Rchb.f. Pogoniopsis schenkii Cogn. in C.F.P.von Martius

Lotus berthelotii is a flowering plant endemic to the Canary Islands of Spain, in the genus Lotus of the pea family Fabaceae. Among its common names are lotus vine flower, parrot (or parrot's) beak, pelican beak, and coral gem. This plant is widely cultivated but is either extinct in the wild or persists as a few individuals. In 1884 it was already classed as "exceedingly rare" and plant collection probably hastened its decline.

Nepenthes northiana , or Miss North's pitcher-plant, is a tropical pitcher plant endemic to Borneo, where it grows at elevations ranging from 0 to 500 m above sea level. The specific epithet northiana honours the English botanic illustrator Marianne North, who first depicted the species. Nepenthes northiana is one of the most famous Nepenthes, and its discovery in the latter half of the 19th century contributed to Sarawak's reputation as a land of spectacular exotic plants.

Laeliinae is a Neotropical subtribe including 40 orchid genera, such as Brassavola, Laelia and Cattleya. The genus Epidendrum is the largest within this subtribe, containing about 1500 species. This is followed by the genus Encyclia, with over 120 species.

Calypogeiaceae is a family of liverworts. This type of plant is a calcifuge. Genera: Calypogeia Raddi (101) Eocalypogeia (R.M.Schust.) R.M.Schust. (4) Metacalypogeia (S.Hatt.) Inoue (7) Mizutania Furuki & Z.Iwats. (1) Mnioloma Herzog (15) Figures in brackets are approx. how many species per genus.

Aciachne is a genus of Latin American plants in the grass family. Species Aciachne acicularis Laegaard - Costa Rica, Venezuela (Táchira, Mérida), Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Argentina (Catamarca) Aciachne flagellifera Laegaard - Colombia, Ecuador Aciachne pulvinata Benth. - Costa Rica, Venezuela (Mérida), Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia

Wiesneria is a genus in the family Alismataceae. The plant usually lives in natural temporary water pools on lateritic plateaus. Wiesneria triandra was first described in the south of the Indian state of Maharashtra. They are well spread out over the regions they occupy and have no common uses, making them of least concern. The name commemorates the physiologist Julius Wiesner.

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Phaenosperma is a genus of Asian plants in the grass family. The only known species is Phaenosperma globosum, native to China (Anhui, Gansu, Guangxi, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Tibet, Yunnan, Zhejiang), Japan, Korea, Assam, and Bhutan.

Nannoglottis is a genus of Asian flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. Species Nannoglottis carpesioides Maxim. - Gansu, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Qinghai Nannoglottis delavayi (Franch.) Y.Ling & Y.L.Chen - Sichuan, Yunnan Nannoglottis gynura (C.Winkl.) Y.Ling & Y.L.Chen - Qinghai, Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan, Nepal Nannoglottis hieraciphylla (Hand.-Mazz.) Y.Ling & Y.L.Chen - Yunnan Nannoglottis hookeri (Clarke ex Hook.f.) Kitam. - Sikkim, Nepal, Bhutan, Assam Nannoglottis latisquama Y.Ling & Y.L.Chen - Vietnam, Sichuan, Yunnan Nannoglottis macrocarpa Y.Ling & Y.L.Chen - Tibet Nannoglottis

Neltuma nigra (formerly Prosopis nigra) is a South American leguminous tree species that inhabits the Gran Chaco ecoregion (in particular, the transition zone between the Wet Chaco and the Southern Chaco), in Argentina and Paraguay. It is known as algarrobo negro in Spanish, which means "black carob tree" (the Spanish settlers gave it that name, as they did with many other species of genus Prosopis, because of its similarity to the European carob tree). It is also variously called algarrobo dulce, algarrobo morado and algarrobo amarillo ("sweet", "purple" and "yellow" carob tree,

Pollia condensata, sometimes called the marble berry, is a perennial herbaceous plant with stoloniferous stems and hard, dry, shiny, round, metallic-looking blue fruit. It is found in forested regions of Africa. The blue colour of the fruit, created by structural coloration, is the most intense of any known biological material.

Phalaenopsis stuartiana is a species of orchid endemic to the island of Mindanao, in the Philippines.

Macrozamia moorei is a cycad in the family Zamiaceae, native to Queensland (Australia). The species was described by Ferdinand von Mueller in 1881, naming it after Charles Moore (1820–1905), director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney.

Bismarckia is a monotypic genus of flowering plant in the palm family with Bismarckia nobilis being the only species in the genus and is endemic to western and northern Madagascar, where it grows in open grassland. Bismarckia nobilis is widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions of the world.

Aponogeton ulvaceus is a submerged aquatic plant in the Aponogetonaceae family. It has a small cone shaped, slightly hairy rhizome about 30 mm (1+1⁄4 in) in diameter. The leaf blades have a base that tapers gradually, pale green in colour (reddish under intense light), over 50 cm (20 in) long and 8 cm (3 in) broad, with a wavy margin on petioles of an equal length, and in appearance slightly translucent. A single bulb may produce up to forty leaves in good conditions. No floating leaves are formed. The yellow flowers are produced on one or two, and sometimes more, erect spikes.

Amaranthus muricatus, the so-called African amaranth, is a species in the genus Amaranthus native to South America; Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina and Uruguay. It is an invasive species in Africa, Europe and Australia, and to a lesser degree in North America and Asia. It is a decumbent perennial that does well in arid climates. A. muricatus may grow to about 60 cm tall. Its glabrous leaves are linear to lanceolate, about 2-5 cm long, with long petioles. Small flowers are produced on compact, pyramidal panicles. These flowers, which appear in summer and fall, produce wrinkled achenes, about 2 mm

Roeperocharis is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae, native to eastern Africa. As of June 2014, the following species are recognized: Roeperocharis alcicornis Kraenzl. in H.G.Reichenbach - Ethiopia Roeperocharis bennettiana Rchb.f. - Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia Roeperocharis maleveziana Geerinck - Zaïre Roeperocharis urbaniana Kraenzl. in H.G.Reichenbach - Ethiopia Roeperocharis wentzeliana Kraenzl. - Zaïre, Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia

Inula racemosa is an Asian plant in the daisy family native to the temperate and alpine western Himalayas of Xinjiang, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Pakistan. Seeds are positive photoblastic thus require light for germination or show surface germination The roots are widely used locally in indigenous medicine as an expectorant and in veterinary medicine as a tonic. It has also been introduced as an ornamental plant and medicinal herb in many countries.