Plants named in 2010

Pearl millet (Cenchrus americanus, commonly known as the synonym Pennisetum glaucum) is the most widely grown type of millet. It has been grown in Africa and the Indian subcontinent since prehistoric times. The center of diversity and suggested area of domestication for the crop is in the Sahel zone of West Africa.

Cenchrus purpureus, synonym Pennisetum purpureum, also known as Napier grass, elephant grass or Uganda grass, is a species of perennial tropical grass native to African grasslands. It has low water and nutrient requirements, and therefore can make use of otherwise uncultivated lands. Historically, this wild species has been used primarily for grazing, recently, however, it has been used as part of a push–pull agricultural pest management strategy. Napier grasses improve soil fertility, and protect arid land from soil erosion. It is also utilized for firebreaks, windbreaks, in paper pulp

The Anacampserotaceae is a family of succulent plants under the Portulacineae subgroup. Species can be found in South African regions. The family was described by Urs Eggli and Reto Nyffeler in their analysis of the polyphyly in the suborder Portulacineae (order Caryophyllales). Genetic research led to the discovery of the ACPT clade where the Anacampserotaceae family is placed. Species can interchangeably switch photosynthetic pathways based on environmental water stress. The three recognized genera - Anacampseros, Grahamia, and Talinopsis - were formerly placed in the Portulacaceae. This

Cenchrus setaceus, commonly known as crimson fountaingrass, is a C4 perennial bunch grass that is native to open, scrubby habitats in East Africa, tropical Africa, the Middle East and south-western Asia. It has been introduced to many parts of the world as an ornamental plant, and has become an invasive species in some of them. It is drought-tolerant, grows fast, reaches 3 feet in height, and has many purple, plumose flower spikes.

The tropical grass species Cenchrus clandestinus (previously Pennisetum clandestinum) is known by several common names, most often Kikuyu grass. It is native to the highland regions of East Africa that is home to the Kikuyu people. Because of its rapid growth and aggressive nature, it is categorised as a noxious weed in some regions. However, it is also a popular garden lawn species in Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and the southern region of California in the United States, being inexpensive and moderately drought-tolerant. In addition, it is useful as pasture for livestock grazing and

Benzingia is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It is native to mountains of Central America and northwestern South America from Costa Rica to Peru.

Nepenthes palawanensis is a tropical pitcher plant endemic to Sultan Peak on the island of Palawan in the Philippines, where it grows at elevations of 1,100–1,236 m (3,609–4,055 ft) above sea level. It was discovered in February 2010 by Jehson Cervancia and Stewart McPherson.

Tulipa albanica is a flowering plant in the tulip genus, family Liliaceae that is native to Albania. It was discovered near the village of Surroj in Albania in 2010. The plant is a critically endangered species (CR) as it grows in an area smaller than 100 ha, surrounded by mining activities. Related species include Tulipa scardica and Tulipa suaveolens (syn. T. schrenkii). T. albanica bears morphological similarities to both species, as well as growing in a similar environment, but can be distinguished genetically as well as by the undulating leaf shape of T. albanica.

Schoenoplectiella mucronata is a species of flowering plant in the sedge family known by the common names bog bulrush, rough-seed bulrush, and ricefield bulrush.

Parodia leninghausii is a species of South American cactus commonly found as a houseplant. Common names include lemon ball cactus, golden ball cactus and yellow tower cactus. Botanist Karl Moritz Schumann named it after Wilhelm Lenninghaus (1845-1918), a native of North Rhine-Westphalia who, in the 1880s, left his hometown of Ennepetal and emigrated to Porto Alegre, Brazil, where he became Guillermo Lenninghaus, and collected cacti for the German grower Haage. Parodia leninghausii is native to northeast Rio Grande do Sul in the south of Brazil. In those regions, winter nights are cold, with a

Nepenthes andamana is a tropical pitcher plant endemic to Phang Nga Province, Thailand, where it grows near sea level in coastal savannah and grassland. It is thought to be most closely related to N. suratensis. The specific epithet andamana refers to the Andaman Sea coast of Thailand.

Anastrophyllaceae is a family of liverworts belonging to the order Jungermanniales.

Nepenthes holdenii is a tropical pitcher plant from western Cambodia, where it grows at elevations of 600–800 m above sea level. The species was originally known from only two peaks in the Cardamom Mountains, but the discovery of a new population was reported in October 2011. Seeds were collected in 2014 and the species was successfully introduced into cultivation.

Cattleya cernua, commonly known as the nodding sophronitis, is a species of orchid occurring from Brazil to northeastern Argentina. It was the type species of the genus Sophronitis until the genus was made synonymous with Cattleya. Twenty plants of C. cernua have received a total of 22 AOS awards. The described flowers range from 1.9 cm to 3.2 cm horizontal spread and from 2.0 cm to 3.0 cm vertical spread. In nature, Cattleya cernua is pollinated by hummingbirds drawn to the blooms' warm colors. The orchid's cryptic pollinia (masses of pollen which adhere together) provide an interesting

Senegalia mellifera is a common thorn tree in Africa. The name mellifera refers to its sweet-smelling blossoms and honey. Its lumber turns pitch black when oiled. Common names of the tree include Blackthorn and Swarthaak (Afrikaans). It is listed as being not threatened.

Pycnandra acuminata is a species of plant in the family of Sapotaceae. It is a rainforest shrub, endemic to New Caledonia, and is adapted to the nickel-rich ultramafic soils found there. Pycnandra acuminata is notable as one of the most prolific hyperaccumulators of trace metals known, actively absorbing nickel from the soil and concentrating it within the plant to a concentration of up to 25% nickel citrate as dry weight of the sap, which is turquoise-green in colour due to the nickel content. It is the only known plant with turquoise sap. The vernacular name in French is sève bleue (blue

Polyscias rodriguesiana is a species of rare flowering plant in the family Araliaceae. Formerly called Gastonia rodriguesiana, it is sometimes referred to by the common name "bois blanc".

Polyscias maraisiana is a species of plant in the family Araliaceae, formerly named Gastonia mauritiana. It is endemic to Mauritius, where it was formerly common on forest verges and also in coastal areas. It was formerly grown as an ornamental in Europe, partly on account of its strikingly heteroblastic leaves, however it is rarely found in international cultivation now. It is however beginning to be cultivated in its native country, as an ornamental landscaping plant - for gardens and public areas. It is named for the botanist Wessel Marais. It is one of several Polyscias species which are

Callicostaceae is a family of pleurocarpous mosses in the order Hookeriales. It includes 21 genera. It is primarily tropical and epiphytic or epiphyllous.

Nepenthes kerrii is a tropical pitcher plant native to Tarutao National Marine Park in southern Thailand, where it grows at elevations of 400–500 m above sea level. The 2018 IUCN assessment also considers the taxon found on Langkawi Island of Malaysia (~10 km south of Tarutao) to be conspecific. This species is thought to be most closely related to N. kongkandana. The specific epithet kerrii refers to Irish medical doctor Arthur Francis George Kerr, who made the first known herbarium collection of this species. In 2024, a group of Malaysian researchers circumscribed the Langkawi plants (N.

Nepenthes hamiguitanensis is a tropical pitcher plant endemic to a single peak on the Philippine island of Mindanao, where it grows at elevations of 1,200–1,600 m above sea level. Once thought to be a natural hybrid between N. micramphora and N. peltata, this plant is now considered a species of possible hybridogenic origin. It produces squat upper pitchers that vary greatly in pigmentation, from red speckled to yellow throughout. The specific epithet hamiguitanensis is derived from the name of Mount Hamiguitan, to which it is endemic, and the Latin ending -ensis, meaning "from".

Nepenthes chang is a tropical pitcher plant endemic to the Banthad Mountains of eastern Thailand, where it grows at elevations of 300–600 m above sea level. It is thought to be most closely related to N. kampotiana. The specific epithet chang refers to the Thai island of Ko Chang, where the type specimen was collected.

Larsenianthus is a genus of monocotyledonous plants in the ginger family (Zingiberaceae). The genus was established in 2010. The four or so species are native to the area of the eastern Himalayas.

Ficinia spiralis (pīngao, pīkao, or golden sand sedge) is a coastal sedge endemic to New Zealand (including the Chatham Islands). Originally widespread, it has suffered severely from competition with introduced marram grass and animal grazing and now has only a patchy distribution.

Cyperochloeae is a small tribe of grasses in the Panicoideae subfamily, found in Australia. It has only two species in two monotypic genera, Cyperochloa and Spartochloa. Cyperochloeae is sister to the tribe Thysanolaeneae. These two tribes, together with the Centotheceae, Steyermarkochloeae, Tristachyideae, Zeugiteae, and Chasmanthieae, form a monophyletic clade that is sister to the rest of the Panicoideae. They use the C3 photosynthetic pathway.

Vitis yunnanensis (known locally as yun nan pu tao, meaning Yunnan grape) is a species of liana in the grape family native to the Chinese province of Yunnan (in Jingdong Yi Autonomous County and Jinghong). It is a forest dweller, found at various elevations between 500 and 1800 meters. In August it bears globular berries.

Polyscias sandwicensis (formerly Reynoldsia sandwicensis), known in Hawaiian as the 'ohe makai or ʻOhe kukuluāeʻo, is a species of flowering plant in the family Araliaceae, that is endemic to Hawaii. It is a Hawaiian dry forest tree, adapted by being deciduous and losing its leaves during the regular summer drought. It reaches a height of 4.6–15 m (15–49 ft) high with a trunk diameter of 0.5–0.6 m (1.6–2.0 ft). It can be found at elevations of 30–800 m (98–2,625 ft) on most main islands. Polyscias sandwicensis generally inhabits lowland dry forests, but is occasionally seen in coastal mesic

Nepenthes gantungensis is a tropical pitcher plant known from a single peak on the Philippine island of Palawan, where it grows at elevations of 1,600–1,784 m above sea level.

Litostigma is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Gesneriaceae. Its native range is southern China and northern Vietnam. Species: Litostigma coriaceifolium Y.G.Wei, F.Wen & Mich.Möller Litostigma crystallinum Y.M.Shui & W.H.Chen Litostigma napoense Y.Feng Huang, B.M.Wang & Y.S.Chen Litostigma pingbianense Y.S.Chen & B.M.Wang

Larsenianthus careyanus is a species of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae). It occurs in Bangladesh as well as northeast India. It is the type species of the genus Larsenianthus, which was newly established in 2010.