Flora of Tibet

Primula florindae, the Tibetan cowslip or giant cowslip, is a species of flowering plant in the family Primulaceae. It is native to southeastern Tibet, where it grows in huge numbers close to rivers such as the Tsangpo. It is a substantial herbaceous perennial growing to 120 cm (47 in) tall by 90 cm (35 in) wide. In summer the flower stalks rise from basal rosettes of 5–20 cm (2–8 in) long leaves. They bear clusters of 20–40 yellow, pendent, bell-like, delicately scented flowers with a mealy white bloom. The plant was first collected for western horticulture in 1924 by the British botanist

Ulmus microcarpa was named and first described by the Chinese botanist L. K. Fu, who discovered the tree in the Chayu broad-leaved forests of south-eastern Xizang at altitudes of around 2800 m during the 1973 Qinghai - Tibet Expedition. Unlike the majority of Tibet, the Chayu region has a subtropical highland climate featuring warm, wet, summers and mild, dry, winters (avg. annual rainfall 807 mm). Commonly known as the Tibetan Elm, the tree was introduced to the United States in 2006, and the UK in 2013; it remains one of the rarest species of elm in cultivation.

Acer tibetense is an uncommon Asian species of maple. It has been found only in Tibet. Acer tibetense is a deciduous tree up to 10 meters tall. Leaves are non-compound, up to 9 cm wide and 8 cm across, thin, usually with 3 lobes but no teeth.

Ajaniopsis is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family described as a genus in 1978. There is only one known species, Ajaniopsis penicilliformis, endemic to Tibet.

Quercus motuoensis is an uncommon Asian species of trees in the beech family Fagaceae. It has been found only in Tibet, but may be extinct. It is placed in subgenus Cerris, section Cyclobalanopsis. Quercus motuoensis is a large tree up to 30 meters tall. Leaves can be as much as 10 cm long.

Rhododendron principis is an evergreen shrub growing 2–6 m (6.6–19.7 ft) tall, with leathery leaves and pink flowers. This species grows in open forest at 2,900–3,950 m (9,510–12,960 ft) altitude in Tibet, China.

Paeonia ludlowii is a deciduous shrub of medium height, belonging to the tree peony section Moutan of the genus Paeonia, and endemic to southeast Tibet. In Tibet it is known as ≠'lumaidao' meaning "God's flower". The vernacular name in Chinese is 大花黄牡丹 (da hua huang mu dan) meaning "big yellow-flowered peony". In English it is sometimes called Tibetan tree peony or Ludlow's tree peony. It has pure yellow, slightly nodding, bowl-shaped flowers, and large, twice compounded, light green leaves.

Iris latistyla is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Limniris and in the section 'Lophiris section, although it was thought to be listed within Iris subg. Nepalensis in some sources. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from Tibet and China, with violet or blue-purple flowers. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

Berberis johannis is a species of plant in the family Berberidaceae. It is endemic to China.

Berberis agricola is a plant species endemic to Tibet. It grows on mountain slopes at elevations of 3200–3600 m. Berberis agricola is a deciduous shrub up to 2 m tall, with spines up to 15 mm long along the younger twigs. Leaves are obovate, up to 25 mm long, dark green above, lighter green below. Flowers are borne in a raceme of up to 30 flowers.

Salix divergentistyla is a shrub or tree from the genus of willow (Salix) with mostly 3 to 4.5 centimeters long leaf blades. The natural range of the species is in Tibet.

Salix dalungensis is a small tree from the genus of willow (Salix) with mostly 4 to 5 centimeters long leaf blades. The natural range of the species is in Tibet.

Rheum lhasaense is a plant from eastern Tibet belonging to the genus Rheum in family Polygonaceae. It is a mid-sized rhubarb species with triangular leaves and spherical fruit.

Impatiens namchabarwensis (blue diamond impatiens) is a 40–50 cm tall plant, native to the Himalaya. It is an annual plant, although it may live for several years in mild climates that do not freeze in winter. This new species was discovered in the Namcha Barwa canyon in Tibet in the summer of 2003 by Yuan Yong-Ming and Ge Xue-Jun. It was growing at an elevation of 930 m in a very limited area. Stems are much branched, slightly woody at base; lower stems decumbent, often rooting at nodes. Flowers are bright ultramarine blue, with small white markings at center and yellow in throat. It has

Gymnadenia bicornis is a species of flowering plant in the family Orchidaceae. It is a tuberous geophyte endemic to Tibet.

Fritillaria fusca is an Asian species of herbaceous plant in the lily family Liliaceae, native to Tibet in China. Fritillaria fusca is up to 22 cm tall. There is usually only one flower, bell-shaped, yellowish with purplish-brown markings.

Allium kingdonii is a rare species of wild onion endemic to southeastern Tibet. It grows at elevations of 4,500–5,000 m (14,800–16,400 ft). Allium kingdonii generally produces one narrow cylindrical bulb rarely more than 6 mm (0.24 in) across. Scape is up to 30 cm tall. Leaves are flat, narrow, shorter than the scape. Umbels have a few reddish-purple flowers.

Rhododendron viridescens is a species of flowering plant in the family Ericaceae. It is native to south-southeast Tibet. A shrub or subshrub, there is a cultivar, 'Doshong La', available from commercial suppliers.

Paeonia sterniana is a perennial, herbaceous peony of approximately 45 cm high in cultivation, with white or sometimes pinkish flowers. It grows in the wild in southeastern Tibet. This peony is very rare in cultivation. It produces blue seeds in autumn. Its common name in Chinese is 白花芍药 (bai hua shao yao), which means "white peony".

Berberis xanthophloea is a species of plant in the family Berberidaceae. It is endemic to China.

Berberis reticulinervis is a shrub in the family Berberidaceae described as a species in 1999. It is endemic to China, known from the Provinces or Gansu, Sichuan, and Xizang (Tibet).

Acronema alpinum is a species of Acronema in the family Apiaceae. It is a tuberous geophyte and the native range is Tibet.

Zanthoxylum motuoense (Chinese: 墨脱花椒) is a woody plant from the Rutaceae family and is native to Medog, Tibet.

Silene tibetica is a species of plant which is a member of the family Caryophyllaceae. The species can be found in Tibet. According to Bengt Oxelman, Magnus Lidén, and Nicholas J. Turland this species is not similar to any other species of Silene and is possibly related to S. indica. Silene tibetica is the only Silene species where andromonecy has been reported.

Photinia megaphylla is a species in the family Rosaceae. It is found in Tibet. The type locality is Mêdog Xian, Xizang, China, at an altitude of 1800 metres, where it grows in broad-leaved forest.

Fagopyrum tibeticum is a species of flowering plants in the family Polygonaceae endemic to Tibet. It was formerly placed in the monotypic genus Parapteropyrum.

Daphne macrantha is a shrub, of the family Thymelaeaceae. It is native to China, specifically northeastern Xizang.

Cupressus austrotibetica is a species of cypress tree native to the deep valleys of the Yarlung Tsangpo Grand Canyon area in the south of Tibet. The species name translates as 'south Tibetan cypress'.

Carex longicuspis is a tussock-forming species of perennial sedge in the family Cyperaceae. It is native to parts of Tibet.

Erigeron leucoglossus is an Asian species of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. It grows in alpine grasslands in Tibet. Erigeron leucoglossus is a perennial, clump-forming herb up to 35 cm (14 inches) tall, forming woody underground rhizomes. Its flower heads have white ray florets surrounding yellow disc florets.