Flora of Chile South

Nothofagus nitida (Chiloé's coigue) is an evergreen tree, native to southern Chile and Argentina. It is found from latitude 40° S to Última Esperanza (53° S).

Valdivia gayana is the sole accepted species in the genus Valdivia, a monotypic genus of flowering plant in the Escalloniaceae family. It is a subshrub with dry fruits that are indehiscent (they do not open). Its native distribution includes only three known localities in the Valdivia Province in Chile, South America.

Luzuriaga polyphylla is a flowering plant species endemic to Chile. It is a vine distributed from the Maule to Magallanes regions.

Greigia landbeckii is a plant species in the genus Greigia. It is endemic to Chile. A synonym is Bromelia landbeckii. Its common name is ñocha, and was traditionally used in wickerwork.

Carex werdermannii is a species of flowering plant in the sedge family. It is endemic to southern Chile.

Carex transandina is a tussock-forming species of perennial sedge in the family Cyperaceae. It is native to southern parts of Chile.

Carex toroensis is a tussock-forming species of perennial sedge in the family Cyperaceae. It is native to southern parts of Chile.

Carex skottsbergiana is a tussock-forming perennial in the family Cyperaceae. It is native to southern parts of Chile.

Carex pisanoi is a tussock-forming species of perennial sedge in the family Cyperaceae. It is native to southern parts of Chile.

Carex lamprocarpa is a tussock-forming species of perennial sedge in the family Cyperaceae. It is native to parts of southern Chile.

Apodasmia chilensis is a species of flowering plant in the family Restionaceae. It is endemic to southern Chile and it is the only species in the Restionaceae native to the Americas alongside Gaimardia australis.

Abrotanella submarginata is a member of the daisy family and is an endemic species found in Chile (Magallanes).

Abrotanella purpurea is a member of the daisy family and is endemic species of southern Chile.

Carex dolichophylla is a species of flowering plant in the family Cyperceae. It is a perennial herb endemic to southern Chile. It belongs to the Carex subg. Uncinia, one of the six currently recognized Carex subgenera, that corresponds to the now defunct genus Uncinia, formally transferred to Carex on 2015. The species was formerly known as Uncinia macrophylla Steud.

Fitzroya is a monotypic genus in the cypress family. The single living species, Fitzroya cupressoides, is a tall, long-lived conifer native to the Andes mountains and coastal regions of southern Chile, and to the Argentine Andes, where it is an important member of the Valdivian temperate forests. Common names include lawal (in Mapudungun, Hispanicized as lahual), alerce ([aˈleɾse], "larch" in Spanish), and Patagonian cypress. The genus was named in honour of Robert FitzRoy. The genus is ancient with it dating back to the Cretaceous of South America. Fossils are also known from the Paleogene

Lapageria is a genus of flowering plants with only one known species, Lapageria rosea, commonly known as Chilean bellflower or copihue (Spanish pronunciation: [ko'piwe], from Mapudungun kopiwe). Lapageria rosea is endemic to Chile and it is the national flower of this country. It grows in forests in the southern part of Chile, being part of the Valdivian temperate rainforests ecoregion flora. Although the IUCN has not evaluated its conservation status, Lapageria rosea was officially declared "in serious danger of extinction" by the Chilean government in 1971. The copihue, which has inspired

Peumus boldus, commonly known as boldo (from the Mapuche name foḻo), is a species of tree in the family Monimiaceae and the only species in the genus Peumus. It is endemic to the central region of Chile, between 33° and 40° southern latitude. Boldo has also been introduced to Europe and North Africa, though it is not often seen outside botanical gardens. Due to its common name, it is often confused with the species Plectranthus ornatus, known as falso boldo ("false boldo"), boldo paraguayo or boldo rastrero, which has led to confusion about the uses, properties and toxicity of both species.

Pilgerodendron is a genus of conifer belonging to the cypress family Cupressaceae. It has only one species, Pilgerodendron uviferum, which is endemic to the Valdivian temperate rain forests and Magellanic subpolar forests of southern Chile and southwestern Argentina. It grows from 40 to 54°20' S in Tierra del Fuego, where it is the southernmost conifer in the world. It is a member of subfamily Callitroideae, a group of distinct Southern Hemisphere genera associated with the Antarctic flora. Pilgerodendron is very closely related to the New Zealand and New Caledonian genus Libocedrus, and many

Philesia is a South American genus of flowering plants in the monocot family Philesiaceae first described as a genus in 1789. The native name is Coicopihue. There is only one known species in this genus, Philesia magellanica, which is native to southern Chile (from Los Ríos to Magallanes regions) and southern Argentina. This species is, unusually for a monocot, a suckering shrub, growing to 1.2 metres (3 ft 11 in) tall and spreading by stolons. The leaves are linear, 15–35 mm long and 3–8 mm broad, glossy green above, and with two white stomatal bands below. The flowers have six tepals, the

Nothofagus betuloides, Magellan's beech or guindo, is a tree native to southern Patagonia. In 1769, Sir Joseph Banks collected a specimen of the tree in Tierra del Fuego during Captain Cook's first voyage. Its occurrence on Hornos Island earns it the distinction of being the southernmost tree on Earth.

Calceolaria uniflora (syn. Calceolaria darwinii, known as Darwin's slipper) is a perennial plant of the genus Calceolaria, known as the slipperworts. It is originally from Tierra del Fuego in the southern part of South America. Calceolaria uniflora is a mountain plant growing only to 10 cm (4 in) tall. The flowers are a compound of yellow, white and brownish red. Calceolaria uniflora is an ornithophilic plant and is pollinated by the least seedsnipe. The seedsnipe eats the conspicuous white floral appendage on the lower lip of the flower, which is high in sugars. While the seedsnipe pecks at

Podocarpus nubigenus (also known as P. nubigena) is a species of podocarp, endemic to the Valdivian temperate forests of southern Chile and adjacent southwestern Argentina. It is the southernmost podocarp in the world. It grows from 38°S to Ultima Esperanza (53°S), in wet and swampy soils. It can settle clear grounds, with a faster growth than the other Chilean Podocarpaceae. It is a medium to large tree, growing to around 20–25 metres (66–82 feet), exceptionally to 35 m (115 ft). The bark peels off in papery flakes, with a purplish to golden brown hue. The sharp, green, needle-like leaves

Luma chequen, the white Chilean myrtle, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Luma in the family Myrtaceae, native to the central Andes mountains between Chile and Argentina, at latitudes located 30 to 41° South. Synonyms include Eugenia chequen Molina, Myrtus chequen (Molina) Spreng., and Luma gayana (Barn.) Burret. Common names in Spanish include chequén, huillipeta, and arrayán blanco (white myrtle). It is a shrub (rarely a small tree) growing to 9 m tall, with dull grey-brown bark (unlike the smooth red bark of the related Luma apiculata). It is evergreen, with small fragrant oval

Ortachne is a genus of Latin American plants in the grass family. Species Ortachne breviseta Hitchc. - Chile, Argentina Ortachne rariflora (Hook.f.) Hughes - Chile, Argentina formerly included see Aristida Ortachne floridana - Aristida floridana Ortachne pilosa - Aristida jorullensis Ortachne scabra - Aristida ternipes Ortachne tenuis - Aristida ternipes Ortachne erectifolia (Swallen) Clayton - Lorenzochloa erectifolia

Geum quellyon, commonly called scarlet avens, Chilean avens or Grecian rose, is a perennial herb in the family Rosaceae. It is native to the central and southern regions of Chile. G. quellyon has been introduced to other countries including Belgium, Bolivia, and the United Kingdom, where it was first planted in 1826.

Berberis ilicifolia, sometimes called holly barberry or holly-leaved barberry is a medium to high, spiny shrub belonging to the barberries in the family Berberidaceae. The local name in Chile is Chelia. It has ovate leaves with a few teeth that end in spines, reminiscent of holly leaves. Its orange flowers grow with three to seven together, which later produce globose blue-black berries. The species is native to south of 40ºS in Argentina and Chile, where it grows in Nothofagus woods. Flowers are present from August to December, while ripe berries are available between November and March.

Vestia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the family Solanaceae containing the single species Vestia foetida (syn. V. lycioides). Its principal common names in the Mapudungun language of its native Chile are Huevil (pron. "wayfil" and sometimes redoubled Huevilhuevil) and Chuplín. Other Chilean names include Chuplí, Echuelcún and Palqui (negro) (this last being also applied to Cestrum parqui), while an English common name Chilean box thorn has also been coined recently in reference to a certain similarity of the plant to some species in the box thorn / wolfberry genus Lycium (as

Schizanthus pinnatus, called butterfly flower or poor man's orchid, names it shares with other members of its genus, is a species of flowering plant in the nightshade family, Solanaceae. It is native to Chile and naturalized elsewhere. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit as an ornamental.

Lobelia tupa is a species of Lobelia native to central Chile from Valparaíso south to Los Lagos regions. Lobelia tupa is an evergreen perennial plant which grows up to 4 m tall and thrives in dry soils. The foliage is grey-green, with felty elliptical leaves 10–15 cm long. The flowers are red, tubular and 2-lipped and are produced in a sympodium pattern. The plant has numerous ethnobotanical uses due to its pharmaceutically active alkaloids. The latex is used as an abortifacient, and the large, felty leaves are smoked as a narcotic with possible hallucinogenic effects - whence one of its

Podocarpus salignus, the willow-leaf podocarp, is a species of conifer in podocarp family Podocarpaceae. It is found only in Chile, from 35–42° south latitude, where it is threatened by habitat loss. In Chile it is known as Mañío de hojas largas (long-leaved).