Flora of Niger

Vepris heterophylla is an angiosperm belonging to the kingdom Plantae, phylum Tracheophta, class Magnoliopsida, order Sapindales, family Rutaceae., genus Vepris. The genus Vepris is a widespread plant that is capable of adapting to a variety of climatic and soil conditions, drought inclusive Vepris heterophylla can be found in Ghana, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Mali, and Nigeria, on the African continent. It usually occurs in the dry forest, on rocky hills in the savanna, and on hill slopes with granite boulders and along temporary river banks Vepris heterophylla is listed as an Endangered

Digitaria iburua, commonly known as iburu, is a grass species native to west and west-central tropical Africa, which is cultivated as a grain crop known as black fonio. Iburu (D. iburua) is closely related to white fonio (D. exilis), a cereal that is more widely grown across West Africa. However, Iburu is taller than fonio, but has smaller grain than fonio. This makes harvesting the grains very labor-intensive. Iburu is mainly grown in the Middle Belt of central Nigeria, as well as in Zinder, Niger.

Thunbergia annua, the annual thunbergia, is a herbaceous upright plant, in the genus Thunbergia, and is native to multiple countries within Africa. Although it has never been found there, it is a considered a potentially invasive weed in Queensland, Australia.

Conomitra is a genus of plant in the family Apocynaceae first described in 1839. It contains only one known species, Conomitra linearis, an annual native to Africa, from Niger to Somalia.

Orbea decaisneana is a succulent subshrub and grows primarily in the desert or dry shrubland biome. It is native to north Africa; Algeria, Burkina Faso, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Senegal, and Sudan/South Sudan. The plants found in Morocco have been called Caralluma decaisneana subsp. hesperidum but this subspecies is not recognised by POWO. Some botanists argue that they are sufficiently different to be their own subspecies or even species - the flowers even have very different smells.

Nymphaea guineensis is a species of waterlily native to the region spanning from tropical West Africa to Chad.

Ammannia gracilis is a species of flowering plant in the family Lythraceae. It is native to Africa. This aquatic plant has a branching, prostrate stem that roots at the nodes. The blunt-tipped, lance-shaped leaves are roughly a centimeter long. The small flowers have four purple petals and either 4 or 8 stamens. The flowers occur in small clusters.

Amorphophallus dracontioides or the Dragons Football is a species of plant in the genus Amorphophallus ranging from Ghana to Nigeria.

Cyperus aucheri is a species of sedge that is native to parts of northern Africa and the Middle East.

Nucularia perrinii, known as askaf, is a species of flowering plant belonging to the family Amaranthaceae. It is the sole species in genus Nucularia. Its native range is Selvagens to the western and central Sahara and Sahel. Askaf is a crucial plant to Sahrawi camel nomads, providing salt and water to camels even during dry spells and causing a characteristic flavor to camel milk.

Borassus akeassii is a species of palmyra palm which is native to west and central Africa. It occurs from Senegal to Congo-Kinshasa. It was first described in 2006, having previously been confused with Borassus aethiopum and Borassus flabellifer. It is used by local people for a variety of purposes, particularly sap extraction.

Sorghum virgatum, Tunis grass, is a species of flowering plant in the family Poaceae. It is found across the Sahel region, up the Nile valley, and on to the Levant, and has been introduced to Morocco and Ethiopia. It contributed genetic material during the creation of domesticated sorghum, Sorghum bicolor.

Solenostemma is a genus of plants in the family Apocynaceae, It was established as a genus in 1825. It contains only one known species, Solenostemma arghel, native to North Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. The leaves are used in herbal medicine for the treatment of some diseases such as of liver and kidney and allergies. It is used to treat neuralgia and sciatica. It is used as incense in the treatment of measles and sometimes crushed and used as remedy for suppurating wounds. The leaves are infused to treat gastro-intestinal cramps, stomach-ache, colic, cold and urinary tract infections.

Neocarya is a genus of plant in family Chrysobalanaceae described as a genus in 1976. It contains only one known species, Neocarya macrophylla, native to western and central Africa from Senegal to the Nigeria, and also in South Sudan. It is commonly known in English as the Gingerbread Plum, despite not being related to the true Plum (Prunus sp.).

Letestuella is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Podostemaceae. The only species is Letestuella tisserantii G.Taylor Its native range is western Tropical Africa to Namibia. It is also found in the countries of Angola, Benin, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Ivory Coast, Mali, Niger and Togo. The genus name of Letestuella is in honour of Georges Marie Patrice Charles Le Testu (1877–1967), a French colonial administrator in tropical Africa and was later at a botanical garden in Caen. The Latin specific epithet of tisserantii refers to botanist Charles Tisserant,

Lannea microcarpa is a dioecious plant within the Anacardiaceae family. It is also called African grapes and occurs in the Sudan and Guinea savanna of West Africa from Senegal to Cameroon. The plant is used to dye basilan fini, a traditional cloth in a red and brown colour.

Ammodaucus leucotrichus is a species of flowering plant in the family Apiaceae and the sole member of the genus Ammodaucus. It is endemic to northern Africa, including the Canary Islands. In Morocco, the plant is known as kammūn ṣūfī ("wooly cumin"), and is used medicinally in teas and compresses to treat a variety of ailments, including snake bites and respiratory ailments.

Melhania phillipsiae is a plant in the family Malvaceae. It is native to Africa and the Arabian Peninsula.

Boswellia dalzielii is a tree species in the family Burseraceae found in Africa. The bark of this plant is used in traditional medicines. Gallic and protocatechuic acids were isolated as the main antibacterial and antioxidant principles of the stem bark of B. dalzielii. 4'-Methoxy-(E)-resveratrol 3-O-rutinoside, incensole and b-sitosterol were also isolated.

Loxodera is a genus of African plants in the grass family. Species Loxodera bovonei (Chiov.) Launert - Zaïre, Zambia Loxodera caespitosa (C.E.Hubb.) B.K.Simon - Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe Loxodera ledermannii (Pilg.) Launert - Benin, Niger, Nigeria, Cameroon, Uganda Loxodera rhytachnoides (Launert) Clayton - Angola Loxodera strigosa (Gledhill) Clayton - Sierra Leone

Cornulaca aucheri is a native spiny undershrub of the family Amaranthaceae, naturally found in arid and semi-arid environments, especially across the Arabian Peninsula and North Africa.

Gossypium anomalum is a species of wild cotton in the family Malvaceae, native to drier parts of Africa. A crop wild relative of cultivated cotton, its genome has been sequenced.

Cyperus meeboldii is a species of sedge that is found across India and parts of central and eastern Africa. The species was first formally described by the botanist Georg Kükenthal in 1922.

Baissea multiflora is a plant in the family Apocynaceae.

Caudanthera edulis is a succulent subshrub flowering plant that belongs to the genus Caudanthera in the subfamily Asclepiadoideae of the family Apocynaceae. This species is native to Niger, northeast Tropical Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, through Iran, Afghanistan and Pakistan to northwest India and is found in desert and dry shrubland. Common names include situn in Pakistan, doghabis and howraghu in the Hormozgan province of Iran and pimpa in the Thar Desert of northeast India.

Oryza glaberrima, commonly known as African rice, is one of the two domesticated rice species. The species was first domesticated and grown in West Africa around 3,000 years ago. In agriculture, it makes up an estimated 20% of rice grown commercially in West Africa, having largely been replaced by higher-yielding O. sativa (Asian rice). The number of O. glaberrima varieties grown is declining. Crossbreeding between African and Asian rice is difficult, but there exist some crosses. In comparison to O. sativa (Asian rice), African rice is hardy, pest-resistant, low-labour, and suited to a

Albizia chevalieri is a shrub or small tree within the family Fabaceae. It is native to West Africa and parts of Central Africa and is found in drier parts of the savanna.

Digitaria exilis is a species of grass that is referred to as findi or fundi in areas of Africa such as The Gambia, with the English common names white fonio, fonio millet, hungry rice, and acha rice. It is the most important of a diverse group of wild and domesticated Digitaria species known as fonio that are harvested in the savannas of West Africa. The grains are very small. It has potential to improve nutrition, boost food security, foster rural development and support sustainable use of the land. Fonio has continued to be important locally because it is both nutritious and one of the

Senegalia dudgeonii is a small perennial tree that grows up to 9 meters tall. It belongs to the Fabaceae family and endemic Sudano-Sahelian and Guinea savannah zones of West Africa.

Rogeria is a genus of plants in the Pedaliaceae family consisting of several species, with a native range extending from the island of Cape Verde to Eritrea, Namibia to the Cape Provinces (of South Africa). It is found in the countries of Angola, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Chad, Eritrea, Mali, Mauritania, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sudan and South Africa. It was also thought to be found in Brazil as well as Africa, but this seems to be a mix-up with another shrub species. Some species such as Rogeria longiflora are medicinal plants.